Практика Shadowing: The Underground House | IELTS LISTENING TEST | SECTION-4 - Изучайте разговорный английский по видео
Создание урока...
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Section 4.
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You will hear part of a lecture about an experimental design for a house.
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First, you have some time to look at questions 31 to 40.
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Thank you.
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Now listen carefully and answer questions 31 to 40.
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Good morning.
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In the last few lectures, I've been talking about the history of domestic building construction.
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But today, I want to begin looking at some contemporary experimental designs for housing.
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So, I'm going to start with a house which is constructed more or less under the ground.
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And one of the interesting things about this project is that the owners, both professionals but not architects, wanted to be closely involved,
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so they decided to manage the project themselves.
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Their chief aim was to create somewhere that was as environmentally friendly as possible.
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But at the same time, they wanted to live somewhere peaceful.
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They'd both grown up in a rural area and disliked urban life.
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So the first thing they did was to look for a site, and they found a disused stone quarry in a beautiful area.
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The price was relatively low, and they liked the idea of recycling the land, as it were.
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As it was, the quarry was an ugly blot on the landscape, and it wasn't productive any longer either.
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They consulted various architects and looked at a number of designs before finally deciding on one.
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As I've said, it was a design for a sort of underground house,
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and it was built into the earth itself, with two stories.
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The north, east, and west sides were set in the earth,
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and only the sloping south-facing side was exposed to the light.
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That was made of a double layer of very strong glass.
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There were also photovoltaic tiles fixed to the top and bottom of this sloping wall.
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These are tiles that are designed to store energy from the sun,
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and the walls had a layer of foam around them too to increase the insulation.
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Now, what is of interest to us about this project is the features which make the building energy efficient.
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Sunlight floods in through the glass wall, and to maximize it, there are lots of mirrors and windows inside the house.
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That helps to spread the light around.
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So that's the first thing.
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Light is utilized as fully as possible.
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In addition, the special tiles on the outside convert energy from the sun and generate some of the house's electricity.
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In fact, and it is possible that in future the house may even generate an electricity surplus,
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and that the owners will be able to sell some to the national grid.
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As well as that, wherever possible, recycled materials have been used.
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For example, the floors are made of reclaimed wood,
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and the owners haven't bought a single item of new furniture.
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They just kept what they already had.
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And then there's the system for dealing with the waste produced in the house.
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This is dealt with organically.
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It's purified by being filtered through reed beds, which have been planted for that purpose in the garden.
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So the occupants of the house won't pollute the land or use any damaging chemicals.
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It's true that the actual construction of the house was harmful to the environment,
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mainly because they had to use massive amounts of concrete, one of the biggest sources of carbon dioxide in manufacturing.
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And, as you know, this is very damaging to the environment.
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In total, the house construction has released 70 tons of carbon dioxide into the air.
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Now that's a frightening thought.
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However, once the initial debt has been cleared, and it's been calculated that this will only take 15 years,
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this underground house won't cost anything, environmentally I mean, because unlike ordinary houses,
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it is run in a way that is completely environmentally friendly.
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So, eco-housing like this is likely to become much more...
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That is the end of section 4.
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You now have half a minute to check your answers.
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Лексика и советы по произношению к этому уроку
В этом видео 53 предложений и 658 слов для шедоуинга. Речь длится 6:05. Говорящий говорит медленно, около 108 слов в минуту, поэтому есть время повторить каждый звук. 84% слов входят в 3000 самых частых слов английского языка; остальные стоит разобрать перед занятием.
Ключевая лексика этого видео
15 слов из видео, которые стоит выучить, с произношением и значением:
| Слово | Произношение | Значение |
|---|---|---|
| tile существительное | /ˈtaɪ.əl/ | пли́тка, ка́фель |
| layer существительное | /ˈleɪ̯ɚ/ | слой, пласт |
| underground прилагательное | /ˌʌn.dəɹˈɡɹaʊnd/ | подзе́мный |
| experimental прилагательное | /ɪkspɛɹəˈmɛntəl/ | подо́пытный |
| generate глагол | /ˈd͡ʒɛn.ə.ɹeɪt/ | порожда́ть, производи́ть |
| lecture существительное | /ˈlɛk.t͡ʃə/ | ле́кция, уро́к |
| architect существительное | /ˈɑɹ.kɪˌtɛkt/ | архите́ктор, архите́кторша |
| dioxide существительное | /daɪˈɑksaɪd/ | диокси́д, двуо́кись |
| quarry существительное | /ˈk(w)ɔɹ.i/ | каменоло́мня, карье́р |
| mirror существительное | /ˈmiɹɚ/ | зе́ркало, зерца́ло |
| carefully наречие | /ˈkɛɹf(ə)li/ | осторо́жно, аккура́тно |
| concrete прилагательное | /ˌkɑnˈkɹit/ | конкре́тный, определённый |
| efficient прилагательное | /ɪˈfɪʃənt/ | эффекти́вный |
| ordinary прилагательное | /ˈɔɹdɪnɛɹi/ | обыкнове́нный, обы́чный |
| ugly прилагательное | /ˈʌɡli/ | безобра́зный, уро́дливый |
Произношение, на которое стоит обратить внимание
Говорящий использует 8 сокращённых и редуцированных форм, например I've, won't, haven't. Произносите их коротко, так, как слышите.
- Звуки «sh» и «zh»: efficient /ɪˈfɪʃənt/, insulation /ˌɪnsəˈleɪʃən/
- Длинные слова — следите за ударением: electricity /ɪˌlɛkˈtɹɪsɪti/, experimental /ɪkspɛɹəˈmɛntəl/, ordinary /ˈɔɹdɪnɛɹi/, insulation /ˌɪnsəˈleɪʃən/, organically /ɔːˈɡænɪkli/
Как заниматься с этим видео
- Прослушайте всё видео один раз молча и выпишите незнакомые слова.
- Повторяйте предложение за предложением на обычной скорости, пока ваш ритм не совпадёт с ритмом говорящего.
- Запишите себя и сравните с оригиналом, обращая внимание на такие слова, как tile, layer, underground.
Грамматика в этом видео
Конструкции, которые говорящий использует чаще всего, с точными словами из видео:
| Конструкция | В видео |
|---|---|
| Пассивный залог be + причастие прошедшего времени — важно, что происходит, а не кто это делает | is constructed · was built · were set |
| Present Perfect have/has + причастие прошедшего времени — прошлое действие, важное сейчас | I've said · have been · haven't bought |
| Придаточные определительные who / which + предложение — уточнение о человеке или предмете | house which is · beds, which have |
Что такое техника Shadowing?
Shadowing — это научно обоснованная техника изучения языка, изначально разработанная для подготовки профессиональных переводчиков и популяризированная полиглотом доктором Александром Аргуэльесом. Метод прост, но эффективен: вы слушаете аудио на английском от носителей языка и немедленно повторяете вслух — как тень, следующая за говорящим с задержкой в 1–2 секунды. В отличие от пассивного прослушивания или грамматических упражнений, Shadowing заставляет мозг и мышцы рта одновременно обрабатывать и воспроизводить реальные речевые паттерны. Исследования показывают, что это значительно улучшает точность произношения, интонацию, ритм, связную речь, понимание на слух и беглость речи — что делает его одним из самых эффективных методов для подготовки к IELTS Speaking и реального общения на английском.