跟读练习: The Underground House | IELTS LISTENING TEST | SECTION-4 - 通过视频学习英语口语

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Section 4.
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You will hear part of a lecture about an experimental design for a house.
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First, you have some time to look at questions 31 to 40.
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Thank you.
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Now listen carefully and answer questions 31 to 40.
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Good morning.
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In the last few lectures, I've been talking about the history of domestic building construction.
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But today, I want to begin looking at some contemporary experimental designs for housing.
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So, I'm going to start with a house which is constructed more or less under the ground.
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And one of the interesting things about this project is that the owners, both professionals but not architects, wanted to be closely involved,
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so they decided to manage the project themselves.
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Their chief aim was to create somewhere that was as environmentally friendly as possible.
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But at the same time, they wanted to live somewhere peaceful.
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They'd both grown up in a rural area and disliked urban life.
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So the first thing they did was to look for a site, and they found a disused stone quarry in a beautiful area.
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The price was relatively low, and they liked the idea of recycling the land, as it were.
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As it was, the quarry was an ugly blot on the landscape, and it wasn't productive any longer either.
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They consulted various architects and looked at a number of designs before finally deciding on one.
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As I've said, it was a design for a sort of underground house,
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and it was built into the earth itself, with two stories.
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The north, east, and west sides were set in the earth,
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and only the sloping south-facing side was exposed to the light.
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That was made of a double layer of very strong glass.
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There were also photovoltaic tiles fixed to the top and bottom of this sloping wall.
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These are tiles that are designed to store energy from the sun,
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and the walls had a layer of foam around them too to increase the insulation.
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Now, what is of interest to us about this project is the features which make the building energy efficient.
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Sunlight floods in through the glass wall, and to maximize it, there are lots of mirrors and windows inside the house.
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That helps to spread the light around.
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So that's the first thing.
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Light is utilized as fully as possible.
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In addition, the special tiles on the outside convert energy from the sun and generate some of the house's electricity.
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In fact, and it is possible that in future the house may even generate an electricity surplus,
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and that the owners will be able to sell some to the national grid.
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As well as that, wherever possible, recycled materials have been used.
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For example, the floors are made of reclaimed wood,
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and the owners haven't bought a single item of new furniture.
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They just kept what they already had.
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And then there's the system for dealing with the waste produced in the house.
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This is dealt with organically.
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It's purified by being filtered through reed beds, which have been planted for that purpose in the garden.
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So the occupants of the house won't pollute the land or use any damaging chemicals.
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It's true that the actual construction of the house was harmful to the environment,
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mainly because they had to use massive amounts of concrete, one of the biggest sources of carbon dioxide in manufacturing.
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And, as you know, this is very damaging to the environment.
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In total, the house construction has released 70 tons of carbon dioxide into the air.
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Now that's a frightening thought.
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However, once the initial debt has been cleared, and it's been calculated that this will only take 15 years,
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this underground house won't cost anything, environmentally I mean, because unlike ordinary houses,
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it is run in a way that is completely environmentally friendly.
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So, eco-housing like this is likely to become much more...
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That is the end of section 4.
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You now have half a minute to check your answers.

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本课的词汇与口语要点

这段视频共有 53 个句子、658 个单词可供跟读。 讲话部分时长为 6:05。 说话人语速较慢，每分钟约 108 个词，你有足够的时间模仿每一个音。 84% 的单词属于英语最常用的 3,000 词，其余的词建议在练习前先学一下。

视频中的重点词汇

视频中 15 个值得学习的单词，附发音和释义：

单词发音释义
tile 名词/ˈtaɪ.əl/瓦, 磚瓦 /砖瓦
layer 名词/ˈleɪ̯ɚ/層 /层
underground 形容词/ˌʌn.dəɹˈɡɹaʊnd/地下
experimental 形容词/ɪkspɛɹəˈmɛntəl/實驗的 /实验的
lecture 名词/ˈlɛk.t͡ʃə/演講 /演讲
architect 名词/ˈɑɹ.kɪˌtɛkt/締造者 /缔造者, 創造者 /创造者
dioxide 名词/daɪˈɑksaɪd/二氧化物
quarry 名词/ˈk(w)ɔɹ.i/採石場 /采石场
mirror 名词/ˈmiɹɚ/җинзы, 鏡 /镜
carefully 副词/ˈkɛɹf(ə)li/小心地
concrete 形容词/ˌkɑnˈkɹit/切實的 /切实的, 具體的 /具体的
efficient 形容词/ɪˈfɪʃənt/高效率
ordinary 形容词/ˈɔɹdɪnɛɹi/普通, 平常
ugly 形容词/ˈʌɡli/難看 /难看, 醜 /丑
landscape 名词/ˈlan(d)skeɪp/風景 /风景, 景色

需要注意的发音

说话人用了 8 次缩略和弱读形式，例如 I've, won't, haven't。请按听到的简短形式来说。

  • “sh” 和 “zh” 音: efficient /ɪˈfɪʃənt/, insulation /ˌɪnsəˈleɪʃən/
  • 长单词——注意重音位置: electricity /ɪˌlɛkˈtɹɪsɪti/, experimental /ɪkspɛɹəˈmɛntəl/, ordinary /ˈɔɹdɪnɛɹi/, insulation /ˌɪnsəˈleɪʃən/, organically /ɔːˈɡænɪkli/

如何用这段视频练习

  1. 先完整听一遍视频，不要开口，记下不认识的单词。
  2. 用正常速度逐句跟读，每句重复到你的节奏与说话人一致为止。
  3. 录下自己的声音并与原声对比，特别注意 tile, layer, underground 这类单词。

视频中的语法

说话人最常用的结构，并附上视频中的原话：

结构视频中的用法
被动语态 be + 过去分词 — 强调发生了什么，而不是谁做的is constructed · was built · were set
现在完成时 have/has + 过去分词 — 过去发生但与现在仍有关联的事I've said · have been · haven't bought
定语从句 who / which + 从句 — 补充说明人或事物house which is · beds, which have

什么是跟读法？

跟读法 (Shadowing) 是一种有科学依据的语言学习技巧，最初开发用于专业口译员的培训，并由多语言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。这个方法简单而强大：您在听英语母语原声的同时立即大声重复——就像是一个延迟1-2秒紧跟说话者的影子。与被动听力或语法练习不同，跟读法强迫您的大脑和口腔肌肉同时处理并模仿真实的讲话模式。研究表明它能显着提高发音准确性，语调，节奏，连读，听力理解和口语流利度——使其成为雅思口语备考和真实英语交流最有效的方法之一。

影子跟读法: 阅读完整分步指南 →