シャドーイング練習: Bài 10 - Văn Phòng Không Gian Mở - 動画で英語スピーキングを学ぶ
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103 文
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This is 6 Minute English from bbclearningenglish.com.
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Hello, I'm Rob.
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Welcome to 6 Minute English.
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I've got Finn with me today.
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Hello, Finn.
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Hi, Rob.
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How's it going?
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Oh, right.
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You might notice it's a bit noisier than usual.
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That's because we're in our open-plan office.
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Yes, it's a big room full of desks with no walls between them,
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them and as I look around I can see maybe about 50 colleagues working very hard at their computers.
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And today we're talking about open plan offices and learning some language related to office life.
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That's right, Rob, but shall we just go back into the studio where it's a bit quieter?
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Good idea.
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Let's go.
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Right, come in here.
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That's better.
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That's good isn't it?
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Yes.
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Right.
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Rob, a question?
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OK.
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OK.
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You know a lot about sound, don't you?
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Well, a bit.
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OK.
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So, what do we call the kind of noise that contains the full range of sounds that humans can hear?
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Is it A.
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White noise, B.
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Green noise, or C.
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Pink noise?
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Good question.
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I'm only familiar with the term white noise, so I'll go for A, white noise.
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OK, well, we'll see if you're right at the end of the programme.
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So, shall we continue talking about offices?
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Yes.
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Millions of people, like us, work in open plan offices these days, but they're not new.
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Do you remember Henry Ford, the American industrialist from the late 19th century and early 20th century?
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Yes, he owned factories and he made the famous Ford cars.
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He's also one of the main names in the story of open plan offices.
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Yes.
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Now, Henry Ford was really concerned with efficiency, wasn't he?
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Yes.
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Efficiency is one of the main reasons for open plan offices.
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They increase communication and collaboration among staff.
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Now, a company's staff, its employees, they work together for the same goals.
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They collaborate, exchanging information and ideas.
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Now, this can be nice, but there can be too many of us in a small space.
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Franklin Becker, social psychologist at Cornell University in the US, thinks the reason open plan offices have become acceptable and popular,
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or, as he says, the reason they have taken root, is different.
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What reason does he give?
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The fundamental reason why open plan has taken root has nothing to do really with communication or collaboration or even flexibility.
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It has to do with the fact
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that you can reduce the amount of space per person in an open plan versus any kind of a closed cellular office.
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Well, it's all about saving space and money.
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He says it takes less space per person in an open plan office than it does in a cellular office.
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Now that's an office which is made up of lots of small closed rooms.
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In those offices, the space for each individual per person is limited, which is why open plan offices have taken root.
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So, some very good reasons for open plan offices, but what about the noise?
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Ah, the noise, yes.
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Although open plan offices can save a company money, they have hidden costs.
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Sound expert Julian Treasure explains what they are.
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He uses a very important word for business.
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Which word is it?
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Nobody can understand two people talking at the same time.
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We have bandwidth for about 1.6 people talking.
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Now, that's key when we're talking about open plan offices, because if I'm trying to do work, it requires me listening to a voice in my head to organise symbols,
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to organise a flow of words and put them on paper, for example.
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And if you're talking at the same time, then you're taking out one of my 1.6, and I'm left with 0.6 in my head.
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That doesn't work very well.
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It reduces my productivity dramatically.
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Ah, so the word right at the end there was productivity.
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Workers in open plan offices get distracted when others speak,
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and their ability to produce work, their productivity, is reduced.
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The expert says we can concentrate on 1.6 voices saying different things at the same time.
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That's not even two people.
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No, well, not really.
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There's one voice.
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He says, one voice is in your head to organise the flow, the movement of words and ideas when you think and write.
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And the other is, well, people like you on the phone all the time.
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Oh, come on, Rob.
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I suppose I do speak on the phone quite a lot.
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But I didn't know I was disturbing your work.
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You are.
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Well, sorry.
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Shall we go back to the question I asked earlier?
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OK.
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Well, I asked you about the colour of noise that contains the full range of sounds that humans can hear.
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Was it white, green or pink noise?
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Yes, and I went for white noise.
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The answer is, in fact, pink noise.
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That's the name scientists give noise.
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Interesting colour.
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The full range of audio frequencies or sounds that humans can hear.
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OK.
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Well, it's almost time to go, but could you remind us of some of the English words we heard today? Of course.
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We heard...
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Thanks, Finn.
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Well, that's it for this programme.
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Please join us again soon for 6 Minute English from BBC Learning English.
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Bye.
103
Bye.
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このレッスンの語彙とスピーキングのポイント
このB1レベルのスピーキングレッスンは、動画「Bài 10 - Văn Phòng Không Gian Mở」を教材にしています。 繰り返し出てくる語は次のとおりです：noise, word, Rob, sound, English。 この動画には、シャドーイング用の文が103文、単語が873語あります。 音声の長さは6:04です。 話す速さは1分あたり約144語で安定しており、シャドーイングしやすいペースです。 単語の87%は英語の頻出3,000語に含まれるため、語彙は分かりやすいです。 全103文のうち16文が疑問文なので、疑問文のイントネーションや短い受け答えの練習に向いています。
この動画の重要語彙
動画の中で特に難しい単語15語を、発音と意味つきで紹介します。
| 単語 | 発音 | 意味 |
|---|---|---|
| productivity 名詞 | /ˌpɹɒdʌkˈtɪvəti/ | 生産性 |
| cellular 形容詞 | /ˈsɛl.ju.lə/ | 細胞の |
| collaboration 名詞 | /kəˌlæbəˈɹeɪʃən/ | コラボレーション, コラボ |
| industrialist 名詞 | 実業家 | |
| collaborate 動詞 | /kəˈlæb.ə.ɹeɪt/ | 協力する, 共同して働く |
| disturb 動詞 | /dɪˈstɜːb/ | 乱す |
| bandwidth 名詞 | /ˈbændwɪdθ/ | 帯域幅 |
| noisy 形容詞 | /ˈnɔɪzi/ | うるさい, 騒がしい |
| distract 動詞 | /dɪˈstɹækt/ | 気をそらす |
| psychologist 名詞 | /ˌsaɪˈkɑl.ə.d͡ʒɪst/ | 心理学者 |
| colleague 名詞 | /ˈkɒliːɡ/ | 同僚, 同業者 |
| flexibility 名詞 | /ˌflɛksɪˈbɪlɪti/ | 柔軟性, 可撓性 |
| concentrate 動詞 | /ˈkɑn.sən.tɹeɪt/ | 集中させる |
| scientist 名詞 | /ˈsaɪəntəst/ | 科学者 |
| symbol 名詞 | /ˈsɪmbəl/ | 記号, 符号 |
動画に出てくる句動詞
| 単語 | 意味 |
|---|---|
| look around 動詞 | 見回す |
| take out 動詞 | 取り出す |
繰り返し練習したい文
動画に出てくる短く完結した文です。日常会話でそのまま使えます。
- You might notice it's a bit noisier than usual.
- That's because we're in our open-plan office.
- You know a lot about sound, don't you?
- Shall we go back to the question I asked earlier?
この動画の文法
話し手がよく使っている文型を、動画の実際の表現とともに紹介します。
| 文型 | 動画での表現 |
|---|---|
| 現在完了形 have/has + 過去分詞 — 過去の出来事が今も関係している | have become · have taken · has taken |
| 受動態 be + 過去分詞 — 誰がするかより、何が起きるかに焦点を当てる | is made · is reduced |
| 関係詞節 who / which + 節 — 人や物について情報を加える | office which is · limited, which is |
| 現在進行形 am/is/are + -ing — 今まさに、または最近起きていること | we're talking · you're talking |
注意したい発音
話し手はI'm, we're, you'reなど、短縮形や弱形を19回使っています。聞こえたとおりの短い形で発音しましょう。
- 長い単語（アクセントの位置に注意）: productivity /ˌpɹɒdʌkˈtɪvəti/, collaboration /kəˌlæbəˈɹeɪʃən/, collaborate /kəˈlæb.ə.ɹeɪt/, psychologist /ˌsaɪˈkɑl.ə.d͡ʒɪst/, flexibility /ˌflɛksɪˈbɪlɪti/
日本語話者が苦手な音：
- /r/ と /l/ の区別 — /l/ は舌先を歯茎につけ、/r/ はどこにもつけない: collaboration /kəˌlæbəˈɹeɪʃən/, collaborate /kəˈlæb.ə.ɹeɪt/
- /v/ — /b/ にならないように、上の歯を下唇に当てる: productivity /ˌpɹɒdʌkˈtɪvəti/, versus /ˈvɝsəs/
- 子音の連続 — 間に母音を入れない: productivity /ˌpɹɒdʌkˈtɪvəti/, bandwidth /ˈbændwɪdθ/, distract /dɪˈstɹækt/, psychologist /ˌsaɪˈkɑl.ə.d͡ʒɪst/, flexibility /ˌflɛksɪˈbɪlɪti/
この動画での練習方法
- まず声を出さずに動画を最後まで聞き、知らない単語をメモします。
- 通常の速度で一文ずつシャドーイングし、話し手のリズムに合うまで繰り返します。
- 自分の声を録音して元の音声と比べます。productivity, cellular, collaborationなどの単語に特に注意しましょう。
シャドーイングとは？英語上達に効果的な理由
シャドーイング（Shadowing）は、もともとプロの通訳者養成プログラムで開発された言語学習法で、多言語習得者として知られるDr. Alexander Arguelles によって広く普及されました。方法はシンプルですが非常に効果的：ネイティブスピーカーの英語を聞きながら、1〜2秒の遅延で声に出してすぐに繰り返す——まるで「影（shadow）」のように話者を追いかけます。文法ドリルや受動的なリスニングと異なり、シャドーイングは脳と口の筋肉が同時にリアルタイムで英語を処理・再現することを強制します。研究により、発音精度、抑揚、リズム、連音、リスニング力、そして会話の流暢さが大幅に向上することが確認されています。IELTSスピーキング対策や自然な英語コミュニケーションを目指す方に特におすすめです。