Практика Shadowing: Bài 10 - Văn Phòng Không Gian Mở - Изучайте разговорный английский по видео
Создание урока...
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This is 6 Minute English from bbclearningenglish.com.
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Hello, I'm Rob.
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Welcome to 6 Minute English.
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I've got Finn with me today.
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Hello, Finn.
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Hi, Rob.
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How's it going?
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Oh, right.
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You might notice it's a bit noisier than usual.
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That's because we're in our open-plan office.
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Yes, it's a big room full of desks with no walls between them,
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them and as I look around I can see maybe about 50 colleagues working very hard at their computers.
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And today we're talking about open plan offices and learning some language related to office life.
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That's right, Rob, but shall we just go back into the studio where it's a bit quieter?
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Good idea.
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Let's go.
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Right, come in here.
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That's better.
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That's good isn't it?
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Yes.
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Right.
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Rob, a question?
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OK.
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OK.
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You know a lot about sound, don't you?
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Well, a bit.
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OK.
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So, what do we call the kind of noise that contains the full range of sounds that humans can hear?
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Is it A.
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White noise, B.
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Green noise, or C.
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Pink noise?
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Good question.
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I'm only familiar with the term white noise, so I'll go for A, white noise.
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OK, well, we'll see if you're right at the end of the programme.
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So, shall we continue talking about offices?
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Yes.
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Millions of people, like us, work in open plan offices these days, but they're not new.
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Do you remember Henry Ford, the American industrialist from the late 19th century and early 20th century?
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Yes, he owned factories and he made the famous Ford cars.
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He's also one of the main names in the story of open plan offices.
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Yes.
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Now, Henry Ford was really concerned with efficiency, wasn't he?
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Yes.
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Efficiency is one of the main reasons for open plan offices.
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They increase communication and collaboration among staff.
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Now, a company's staff, its employees, they work together for the same goals.
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They collaborate, exchanging information and ideas.
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Now, this can be nice, but there can be too many of us in a small space.
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Franklin Becker, social psychologist at Cornell University in the US, thinks the reason open plan offices have become acceptable and popular,
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or, as he says, the reason they have taken root, is different.
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What reason does he give?
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The fundamental reason why open plan has taken root has nothing to do really with communication or collaboration or even flexibility.
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It has to do with the fact
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that you can reduce the amount of space per person in an open plan versus any kind of a closed cellular office.
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Well, it's all about saving space and money.
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He says it takes less space per person in an open plan office than it does in a cellular office.
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Now that's an office which is made up of lots of small closed rooms.
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In those offices, the space for each individual per person is limited, which is why open plan offices have taken root.
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So, some very good reasons for open plan offices, but what about the noise?
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Ah, the noise, yes.
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Although open plan offices can save a company money, they have hidden costs.
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Sound expert Julian Treasure explains what they are.
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He uses a very important word for business.
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Which word is it?
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Nobody can understand two people talking at the same time.
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We have bandwidth for about 1.6 people talking.
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Now, that's key when we're talking about open plan offices, because if I'm trying to do work, it requires me listening to a voice in my head to organise symbols,
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to organise a flow of words and put them on paper, for example.
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And if you're talking at the same time, then you're taking out one of my 1.6, and I'm left with 0.6 in my head.
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That doesn't work very well.
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It reduces my productivity dramatically.
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Ah, so the word right at the end there was productivity.
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Workers in open plan offices get distracted when others speak,
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and their ability to produce work, their productivity, is reduced.
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The expert says we can concentrate on 1.6 voices saying different things at the same time.
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That's not even two people.
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No, well, not really.
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There's one voice.
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He says, one voice is in your head to organise the flow, the movement of words and ideas when you think and write.
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And the other is, well, people like you on the phone all the time.
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Oh, come on, Rob.
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I suppose I do speak on the phone quite a lot.
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But I didn't know I was disturbing your work.
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You are.
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Well, sorry.
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Shall we go back to the question I asked earlier?
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OK.
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Well, I asked you about the colour of noise that contains the full range of sounds that humans can hear.
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Was it white, green or pink noise?
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Yes, and I went for white noise.
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The answer is, in fact, pink noise.
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That's the name scientists give noise.
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Interesting colour.
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The full range of audio frequencies or sounds that humans can hear.
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OK.
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Well, it's almost time to go, but could you remind us of some of the English words we heard today? Of course.
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We heard...
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Thanks, Finn.
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Well, that's it for this programme.
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Please join us again soon for 6 Minute English from BBC Learning English.
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Bye.
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Bye.
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Лексика и советы по произношению к этому уроку
Этот урок разговорной практики уровня B1 построен на видео «Bài 10 - Văn Phòng Không Gian Mở». Чаще всего повторяются слова: noise, word, Rob, sound, English. В этом видео 103 предложений и 873 слов для шедоуинга. Речь длится 6:04. Говорящий держит ровный темп — около 144 слов в минуту, удобный для шедоуинга. 87% слов входят в 3000 самых частых слов английского языка, поэтому лексика простая. Вопросов здесь 16 из 103 предложений, так что это хорошая тренировка вопросительной интонации и коротких ответов.
Ключевая лексика этого видео
Самые сложные слова из видео (15), с произношением и значением:
| Слово | Произношение | Значение |
|---|---|---|
| productivity существительное | /ˌpɹɒdʌkˈtɪvəti/ | производи́тельность, продукти́вность |
| cellular прилагательное | /ˈsɛl.ju.lə/ | кле́точный |
| collaboration существительное | /kəˌlæbəˈɹeɪʃən/ | сотру́дничество, коопера́ция |
| industrialist существительное | промы́шленник, промы́шленница | |
| collaborate глагол | /kəˈlæb.ə.ɹeɪt/ | сотру́дничать, коопери́ровать |
| disturb глагол | /dɪˈstɜːb/ | меша́ть, беспоко́ить |
| bandwidth существительное | /ˈbændwɪdθ/ | ширина́ полосы́ |
| noisy прилагательное | /ˈnɔɪzi/ | шу́мный, шумли́вый |
| distract глагол | /dɪˈstɹækt/ | отвлека́ть, отвле́чь |
| psychologist существительное | /ˌsaɪˈkɑl.ə.d͡ʒɪst/ | психо́лог |
| colleague существительное | /ˈkɒliːɡ/ | колле́га, сослужи́вец |
| flexibility существительное | /ˌflɛksɪˈbɪlɪti/ | ги́бкость |
| concentrate глагол | /ˈkɑn.sən.tɹeɪt/ | концентри́ровать, сконцентри́ровать |
| scientist существительное | /ˈsaɪəntəst/ | учёный, учёная |
| acceptable прилагательное | /əkˈsɛp.tə.bəl/ | прие́млемый |
Фразовые глаголы, которые вы услышите
| Слово | Значение |
|---|---|
| look around глагол | осма́триваться, осмотре́ться |
| take out глагол | вынима́ть, вы́нуть |
Фразы, которые стоит повторять
Короткие законченные фразы из видео, которые пригодятся в повседневном разговоре:
- You might notice it's a bit noisier than usual.
- That's because we're in our open-plan office.
- You know a lot about sound, don't you?
- Shall we go back to the question I asked earlier?
Грамматика в этом видео
Конструкции, которые говорящий использует чаще всего, с точными словами из видео:
| Конструкция | В видео |
|---|---|
| Present Perfect have/has + причастие прошедшего времени — прошлое действие, важное сейчас | have become · have taken · has taken |
| Пассивный залог be + причастие прошедшего времени — важно, что происходит, а не кто это делает | was really concerned · is made · is limited |
| Придаточные определительные who / which + предложение — уточнение о человеке или предмете | office which is · limited, which is |
| Present Continuous am/is/are + -ing — то, что происходит сейчас или в эти дни | we're talking · you're talking |
Произношение, на которое стоит обратить внимание
Говорящий использует 19 сокращённых и редуцированных форм, например I'm, we're, you're. Произносите их коротко, так, как слышите.
- Длинные слова — следите за ударением: productivity /ˌpɹɒdʌkˈtɪvəti/, collaboration /kəˌlæbəˈɹeɪʃən/, collaborate /kəˈlæb.ə.ɹeɪt/, psychologist /ˌsaɪˈkɑl.ə.d͡ʒɪst/, flexibility /ˌflɛksɪˈbɪlɪti/
Звуки, трудные для русскоязычных:
- Звонкие согласные в конце слова — не оглушайте их: disturb /dɪˈstɜːb/, colleague /ˈkɒliːɡ/
Как заниматься с этим видео
- Прослушайте всё видео один раз молча и выпишите незнакомые слова.
- Повторяйте предложение за предложением на обычной скорости, пока ваш ритм не совпадёт с ритмом говорящего.
- Запишите себя и сравните с оригиналом, обращая внимание на такие слова, как productivity, cellular, collaboration.
Что такое техника Shadowing?
Shadowing — это научно обоснованная техника изучения языка, изначально разработанная для подготовки профессиональных переводчиков и популяризированная полиглотом доктором Александром Аргуэльесом. Метод прост, но эффективен: вы слушаете аудио на английском от носителей языка и немедленно повторяете вслух — как тень, следующая за говорящим с задержкой в 1–2 секунды. В отличие от пассивного прослушивания или грамматических упражнений, Shadowing заставляет мозг и мышцы рта одновременно обрабатывать и воспроизводить реальные речевые паттерны. Исследования показывают, что это значительно улучшает точность произношения, интонацию, ритм, связную речь, понимание на слух и беглость речи — что делает его одним из самых эффективных методов для подготовки к IELTS Speaking и реального общения на английском.