Prática de Shadowing: Bài 10 - Văn Phòng Không Gian Mở - Aprenda a falar inglês com vídeo
Criando lição...
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This is 6 Minute English from bbclearningenglish.com.
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Hello, I'm Rob.
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Welcome to 6 Minute English.
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I've got Finn with me today.
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Hello, Finn.
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Hi, Rob.
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How's it going?
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Oh, right.
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You might notice it's a bit noisier than usual.
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That's because we're in our open-plan office.
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Yes, it's a big room full of desks with no walls between them,
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them and as I look around I can see maybe about 50 colleagues working very hard at their computers.
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And today we're talking about open plan offices and learning some language related to office life.
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That's right, Rob, but shall we just go back into the studio where it's a bit quieter?
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Good idea.
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Let's go.
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Right, come in here.
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That's better.
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That's good isn't it?
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Yes.
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Right.
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Rob, a question?
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OK.
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OK.
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You know a lot about sound, don't you?
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Well, a bit.
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OK.
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So, what do we call the kind of noise that contains the full range of sounds that humans can hear?
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Is it A.
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White noise, B.
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Green noise, or C.
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Pink noise?
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Good question.
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I'm only familiar with the term white noise, so I'll go for A, white noise.
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OK, well, we'll see if you're right at the end of the programme.
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So, shall we continue talking about offices?
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Yes.
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Millions of people, like us, work in open plan offices these days, but they're not new.
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Do you remember Henry Ford, the American industrialist from the late 19th century and early 20th century?
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Yes, he owned factories and he made the famous Ford cars.
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He's also one of the main names in the story of open plan offices.
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Yes.
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Now, Henry Ford was really concerned with efficiency, wasn't he?
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Yes.
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Efficiency is one of the main reasons for open plan offices.
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They increase communication and collaboration among staff.
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Now, a company's staff, its employees, they work together for the same goals.
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They collaborate, exchanging information and ideas.
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Now, this can be nice, but there can be too many of us in a small space.
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Franklin Becker, social psychologist at Cornell University in the US, thinks the reason open plan offices have become acceptable and popular,
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or, as he says, the reason they have taken root, is different.
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What reason does he give?
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The fundamental reason why open plan has taken root has nothing to do really with communication or collaboration or even flexibility.
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It has to do with the fact
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that you can reduce the amount of space per person in an open plan versus any kind of a closed cellular office.
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Well, it's all about saving space and money.
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He says it takes less space per person in an open plan office than it does in a cellular office.
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Now that's an office which is made up of lots of small closed rooms.
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In those offices, the space for each individual per person is limited, which is why open plan offices have taken root.
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So, some very good reasons for open plan offices, but what about the noise?
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Ah, the noise, yes.
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Although open plan offices can save a company money, they have hidden costs.
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Sound expert Julian Treasure explains what they are.
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He uses a very important word for business.
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Which word is it?
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Nobody can understand two people talking at the same time.
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We have bandwidth for about 1.6 people talking.
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Now, that's key when we're talking about open plan offices, because if I'm trying to do work, it requires me listening to a voice in my head to organise symbols,
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to organise a flow of words and put them on paper, for example.
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And if you're talking at the same time, then you're taking out one of my 1.6, and I'm left with 0.6 in my head.
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That doesn't work very well.
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It reduces my productivity dramatically.
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Ah, so the word right at the end there was productivity.
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Workers in open plan offices get distracted when others speak,
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and their ability to produce work, their productivity, is reduced.
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The expert says we can concentrate on 1.6 voices saying different things at the same time.
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That's not even two people.
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No, well, not really.
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There's one voice.
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He says, one voice is in your head to organise the flow, the movement of words and ideas when you think and write.
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And the other is, well, people like you on the phone all the time.
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Oh, come on, Rob.
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I suppose I do speak on the phone quite a lot.
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But I didn't know I was disturbing your work.
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You are.
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Well, sorry.
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Shall we go back to the question I asked earlier?
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OK.
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Well, I asked you about the colour of noise that contains the full range of sounds that humans can hear.
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Was it white, green or pink noise?
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Yes, and I went for white noise.
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The answer is, in fact, pink noise.
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That's the name scientists give noise.
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Interesting colour.
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The full range of audio frequencies or sounds that humans can hear.
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OK.
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Well, it's almost time to go, but could you remind us of some of the English words we heard today? Of course.
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We heard...
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Thanks, Finn.
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Well, that's it for this programme.
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Please join us again soon for 6 Minute English from BBC Learning English.
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Bye.
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Bye.
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Vocabulário e dicas de fala para esta lição
Esta aula de conversação de nível B1 usa o vídeo “Bài 10 - Văn Phòng Không Gian Mở”. As palavras que mais se repetem: noise, word, Rob, sound, English. Este vídeo tem 103 frases e 873 palavras para praticar shadowing. A fala dura 6:04. O falante mantém um ritmo estável de cerca de 144 palavras por minuto, confortável para o shadowing. 87% das palavras estão entre as 3.000 mais comuns do inglês, por isso o vocabulário é fácil de acompanhar. 16 das 103 frases são perguntas, por isso é um bom treino para a entonação de perguntas e respostas curtas.
Vocabulário principal deste vídeo
As 15 palavras mais avançadas do vídeo, com pronúncia e significado:
| Palavra | Pronúncia | Significado |
|---|---|---|
| productivity substantivo | /ˌpɹɒdʌkˈtɪvəti/ | produtividade |
| cellular adjetivo | /ˈsɛl.ju.lə/ | celular |
| collaboration substantivo | /kəˌlæbəˈɹeɪʃən/ | colaboração |
| industrialist substantivo | industrial | |
| collaborate verbo | /kəˈlæb.ə.ɹeɪt/ | colaborar |
| disturb verbo | /dɪˈstɜːb/ | perturbar |
| bandwidth substantivo | /ˈbændwɪdθ/ | largura de banda |
| noisy adjetivo | /ˈnɔɪzi/ | barulhento, ruidoso |
| distract verbo | /dɪˈstɹækt/ | distrair |
| psychologist substantivo | /ˌsaɪˈkɑl.ə.d͡ʒɪst/ | psicólogo, psicóloga |
| dramatically advérbio | dramaticamente | |
| colleague substantivo | /ˈkɒliːɡ/ | colega |
| flexibility substantivo | /ˌflɛksɪˈbɪlɪti/ | flexibilidade |
| concentrate verbo | /ˈkɑn.sən.tɹeɪt/ | concentrar |
| scientist substantivo | /ˈsaɪəntəst/ | cientista |
Phrasal verbs que você vai ouvir
| Palavra | Significado |
|---|---|
| take out verbo | tirar, remover |
Frases que vale a pena repetir
Frases curtas e completas do vídeo que você pode usar na conversa do dia a dia:
- You might notice it's a bit noisier than usual.
- That's because we're in our open-plan office.
- You know a lot about sound, don't you?
- Shall we go back to the question I asked earlier?
Gramática neste vídeo
As estruturas que o falante mais usa, com as palavras exatas do vídeo:
| Estrutura | No vídeo |
|---|---|
| Present perfect have/has + particípio passado — uma ação passada que ainda importa agora | have become · have taken · has taken |
| Voz passiva be + particípio passado — o foco está no que acontece, não em quem faz | was really concerned · is made · is limited |
| Orações relativas who / which + oração — informação extra sobre uma pessoa ou coisa | office which is · limited, which is |
| Present continuous am/is/are + -ing — algo que está acontecendo agora ou nestes dias | we're talking · you're talking |
Pronúncia para ficar de olho
O falante usa 19 contrações e formas reduzidas, como I'm, we're, you're. Diga-as na forma curta, do jeito que você ouve.
- Palavras longas — acerte a sílaba tônica: productivity /ˌpɹɒdʌkˈtɪvəti/, collaboration /kəˌlæbəˈɹeɪʃən/, collaborate /kəˈlæb.ə.ɹeɪt/, psychologist /ˌsaɪˈkɑl.ə.d͡ʒɪst/, flexibility /ˌflɛksɪˈbɪlɪti/
Sons difíceis para falantes de português:
- Consoante final — sem acrescentar um “i” depois: collaborate /kəˈlæb.ə.ɹeɪt/, disturb /dɪˈstɜːb/, distract /dɪˈstɹækt/, psychologist /ˌsaɪˈkɑl.ə.d͡ʒɪst/, colleague /ˈkɒliːɡ/
- /l/ final — a língua toca o céu da boca, não vira “u”: acceptable /əkˈsɛp.tə.bəl/, symbol /ˈsɪmbəl/
Como praticar com este vídeo
- Ouça o vídeo inteiro uma vez sem falar e anote as palavras que você não conhece.
- Faça shadowing frase por frase na velocidade normal, repetindo cada uma até o seu ritmo ficar igual ao do falante.
- Grave a sua voz e compare com o original, prestando atenção a palavras como productivity, cellular, collaboration.
O que é a Técnica de Shadowing?
Shadowing é uma técnica de aprendizado de idiomas com base científica, originalmente desenvolvida para o treinamento de intérpretes profissionais. O método é simples, mas poderoso: você ouve áudio em inglês nativo e repete imediatamente em voz alta — como uma sombra seguindo o falante com 1-2 segundos de atraso. Pesquisas mostram melhora significativa na precisão da pronúncia, entonação, ritmo, sons conectados, compreensão auditiva e fluência na fala.