シャドーイング練習: Comparing Low Voltage Vs. Medium Voltage Equipment on Solar Sites - 動画で英語スピーキングを学ぶ
レッスンを作成中...
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Let's work our way backwards from the interconnection point and compare some equipment.
2
First off, we have our system disconnect, which is almost without exception required by utilities for any distributed generation project, with the possible exception of some small residential projects.
3
For low voltage projects, we typically have a blade disconnect.
4
For utility scale systems, especially overhead connected projects, we'll see what's called a GOAB or gang operated airbrake switch.
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Next up, we have fuses, which can be a really helpful item to have for blanket protection from the utility, which often has a high available fault current.
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For low voltage projects, we typically have a fuse disconnect.
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For utility scale systems, especially overhead connected projects, we might see a set of three fuse cutouts.
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The next protective device might be a main circuit breaker, which can provide a bit more sensitive protection features than a fuse
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and could also be connected to a shunt trip circuit to be opened by a remote input.
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For medium voltage systems, a recloser sort of takes the place of a main circuit breaker, but with a whole lot more bells and whistles.
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A pole-mounted recloser is separated into two sections, a switching unit at the top of the pole and a control relay, usually mounted at ground level.
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The relay senses what's happening in the switching unit
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and tells the switching unit to open or close according to the settings in the relay.
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Most low-voltage circuit breakers are not set up to trip on voltage or frequency, but this is a standard function of a recloser.
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In almost every PV system nowadays, you're going to have some kind of revenue metering.
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In the low-voltage world, this could be a CT cabinet like the one shown here.
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For overhead medium-voltage systems, you're likely to see a primary metering rack, though a good percentage of projects still meter each subarray at the low-voltage side,
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either in addition to or instead of at medium voltage.
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Transformers are not always used in commercial systems, but they're also not totally uncommon either,
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especially when you encounter a 208 volt service, but you want to use a 480 volt string inverters for rooftop stringing efficiencies.
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If they're used, they typically are dry type transformers, less than 300 kVA.
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One of the key differentiators of utility scale projects, in addition to being connected at medium voltage is that they use a step-up transformer,
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so you'll have one or more of these on every project. And lastly are inverters.
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While you might see a 120kW Ving inverter like this one here on a commercial project, utility-scale projects sometimes use single inverters that are 2MW or more
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and are often combined into skids of 4-6MW and paired with a transformer.
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Fortunately, however, solar modules are still solar modules.
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Kind of.
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Thank you.
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このレッスンの語彙とスピーキングのポイント
この動画には、シャドーイング用の文が28文、単語が475語あります。 音声の長さは2:42です。 話す速さは1分あたり約176語で、日常会話に近い自然なペースです。 英語の頻出3,000語に含まれる単語は71%だけなので、語彙は難しめです。
この動画の重要語彙
動画に出てくる覚えておきたい単語15語を、発音と意味つきで紹介します。
| 単語 | 発音 | 意味 |
|---|---|---|
| voltage 名詞 | /ˈvəʊltɪd͡ʒ/ | 電圧 |
| utility 名詞 | /juːˈtɪlɪti/ | 有用, 有用性 |
| connect 動詞 | /kəˈnɛkt/ | 繋げる |
| fuse 名詞 | /fjuːz/ | 導火線 |
| overhead 名詞 | /ˈəʊvəˌhɛd/ | オーバーヘッド, 間接費 |
| breaker 名詞 | /ˈbɹeɪkɚ/ | 破壊者 |
| string 名詞 | /stɹɪŋ/ | 紐 |
| exception 名詞 | /əkˈsɛpʃən/ | 除外 |
| pole 名詞 | /pəʊl/ | 極 |
| meter 名詞 | /ˈmitəɹ/ | メーター, 計量器 |
| module 名詞 | /ˈmɑd͡ʒul/ | モジュール |
| percentage 名詞 | /pə(ɹ)ˈsɛntɪd͡ʒ/ | 百分率, 百分比 |
| sensitive 形容詞 | /ˈsɛn.sɪt.ɪv/ | 敏感な |
| compare 動詞 | /kəmˈpɛɚ/ | 比べる, 比較する |
| helpful 形容詞 | /ˈhɛlp.fl̩/ | 役に立つ, 有用 |
この動画の文法
話し手がよく使っている文型を、動画の実際の表現とともに紹介します。
| 文型 | 動画での表現 |
|---|---|
| 受動態 be + 過去分詞 — 誰がするかより、何が起きるかに焦点を当てる | be connected · is separated · are not set |
| 関係詞節 who / which + 節 — 人や物について情報を加える | disconnect, which is · fuses, which can · breaker, which can |
注意したい発音
話し手はthey're, you're, we'llなど、短縮形や弱形を6回使っています。聞こえたとおりの短い形で発音しましょう。
- 「sh」と「zh」の音: exception /əkˈsɛpʃən/, efficiency /ɪˈfɪʃ.ən.si/, residential /ˌrɛzɪˈdɛnʃəl/, differentiator /dɪf.əˈɹɛn.ʃi.eɪ.tə/, interconnection /ˌɪn.tɚ.kəˈnɛk.ʃən/
- 長い単語（アクセントの位置に注意）: utility /juːˈtɪlɪti/, efficiency /ɪˈfɪʃ.ən.si/, residential /ˌrɛzɪˈdɛnʃəl/, fortunately /ˈfɔɹ.t͡ʃə.nɪt.li/, differentiator /dɪf.əˈɹɛn.ʃi.eɪ.tə/
この動画での練習方法
- まず声を出さずに動画を最後まで聞き、知らない単語をメモします。
- まず0.75倍速で一文ずつシャドーイングし、慣れてきたら通常の速度に戻します。
- 自分の声を録音して元の音声と比べます。voltage, utility, connectなどの単語に特に注意しましょう。
シャドーイングとは？英語上達に効果的な理由
シャドーイング（Shadowing）は、もともとプロの通訳者養成プログラムで開発された言語学習法で、多言語習得者として知られるDr. Alexander Arguelles によって広く普及されました。方法はシンプルですが非常に効果的：ネイティブスピーカーの英語を聞きながら、1〜2秒の遅延で声に出してすぐに繰り返す——まるで「影（shadow）」のように話者を追いかけます。文法ドリルや受動的なリスニングと異なり、シャドーイングは脳と口の筋肉が同時にリアルタイムで英語を処理・再現することを強制します。研究により、発音精度、抑揚、リズム、連音、リスニング力、そして会話の流暢さが大幅に向上することが確認されています。IELTSスピーキング対策や自然な英語コミュニケーションを目指す方に特におすすめです。