シャドーイング練習: English Collocations: Family - 動画で英語スピーキングを学ぶ
レッスンを作成中...
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Lesson 1.
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Family.
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Let's begin our study of collocations by learning some common expressions about the family.
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Your parents and siblings, brothers and sisters, are your immediate family, and your extended family includes all your relatives,
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uncles, cousins, great-aunts, etc. You can use a family tree to diagram the relationships among your family members.
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A person who is related to you by a long series of connections can be called a distant relative.
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If you're lucky, you have a loving family or a close-knit family.
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These expressions refer to a family that has good relationships, where everyone loves each other and helps each other.
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If you were raised in a loving family, then you probably had a carefree childhood.
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That means you had nothing to worry about when you were young.
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On the other hand, a family in which the relationships are bad or unhealthy can be called a dysfunctional family.
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If the children experience abuse, poverty, or problems with the law, we can say they had a troubled childhood.
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Perhaps the parents went through a bitter divorce.
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That means a separation in which there were bad or angry feelings between the husband and wife.
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It's also possible to have a messy divorce,
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with a prolonged legal battle involving lots of conflicts about the separation of the former couple's assets, money and possessions.
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The decisions about the separation of assets are made in the divorce settlement.
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A family in which there are divorces or separations is sometimes called a broken home.
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Sometimes the mother and father fight over custody of the children.
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That refers to who has the primary responsibility of caring for the kids.
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A judge can grant joint custody.
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That means the ex-husband and ex-wife share the responsibility, or sole custody to only one parent.
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For example, a judge might award sole custody to the mother,
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and the father has to pay child support—regular payments to help with expenses for the kids.
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If it was a mutual divorce or separation—that means the ex-husband
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and ex-wife agreed to separate without fighting—then they will probably stay on good terms with each other,
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meaning to have a polite relationship without conflicts.
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If a woman gets pregnant without being married or in a relationship, then she will become a single mother.
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Some women in this situation choose to have an abortion, and others prefer to give the baby up for adoption.
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The time when the baby is planned to arrive is called the due date.
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you can also say the baby is due in mid-October, for example.
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After the woman has the baby or gives birth to the baby, the baby is given to the adoptive parents who will raise the child
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or bring up the child as if it was their own.
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Sometimes when the adopted child is older, he or she tries to find their birth mother, biological mother.
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Now take the quiz for Lesson 1, Collocations About Family.
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このレッスンの語彙とスピーキングのポイント
この動画には、シャドーイング用の文が35文、単語が497語あります。 音声の長さは3:43です。 話す速さは1分あたり約134語で安定しており、シャドーイングしやすいペースです。 単語の83%は英語の頻出3,000語に含まれます。残りは練習の前に確認しておきましょう。
この動画の重要語彙
動画に出てくる覚えておきたい単語15語を、発音と意味つきで紹介します。
| 単語 | 発音 | 意味 |
|---|---|---|
| divorce 名詞 | /dɪˈvɔːs/ | 離婚 |
| separation 名詞 | /ˌsɛp.əˈɹeɪ.ʃən/ | 分離 |
| custody 名詞 | /ˈkʌstədiː/ | 養育権 |
| relative 名詞 | /ˈɹɛl.ə.tɪv/ | 親戚, 身内 |
| refer 動詞 | /ɹɪˈfɜː/ | 問い合わせる |
| sole 名詞 | /səʊl/ | 足裏, 足の裏 |
| asset 名詞 | /ˈæsɛt/ | 資産 |
| poverty 名詞 | /ˈpɑːvɚti/ | 貧乏, 貧困 |
| uncle 名詞 | /ˈʌŋ.kl̩/ | 伯父, 伯父貴 |
| cousin 名詞 | /ˈkʌz(ə)n/ | いとこ, 従兄弟 |
| arrive 動詞 | /əˈɹaɪv/ | 着く, 到着する |
| possession 名詞 | /pəˈzɛʃn̩/ | 憑依 |
| biological 形容詞 | /ˌbaɪ.əˈlɑ.d͡ʒɪ.kəl/ | 生物学の |
| mutual 形容詞 | /ˈmjuːt͡ʃuəl/ | 相互, 互いの |
| abortion 名詞 | /əˈbɔɹ.ʃn̩/ | 妊娠中絶, 人工流産 |
動画に出てくる句動詞
| 単語 | 意味 |
|---|---|
| bring up 動詞 | 育てる |
この動画の文法
話し手がよく使っている文型を、動画の実際の表現とともに紹介します。
| 文型 | 動画での表現 |
|---|---|
| 受動態 be + 過去分詞 — 誰がするかより、何が起きるかに焦点を当てる | is related · were raised · can be called |
| 「will」の未来表現 will + 動詞 — その場の決定、約束、予測 | will probably stay · will become · will raise |
注意したい発音
- 「sh」と「zh」の音: separation /ˌsɛp.əˈɹeɪ.ʃən/, possession /pəˈzɛʃn̩/, abortion /əˈbɔɹ.ʃn̩/, adoption /əˈdɑp.ʃən/, collocation /ˌkɑ.ləˈkeɪ.ʃən/
- 長い単語（アクセントの位置に注意）: separation /ˌsɛp.əˈɹeɪ.ʃən/, biological /ˌbaɪ.əˈlɑ.d͡ʒɪ.kəl/, collocation /ˌkɑ.ləˈkeɪ.ʃən/
この動画での練習方法
- まず声を出さずに動画を最後まで聞き、知らない単語をメモします。
- 通常の速度で一文ずつシャドーイングし、話し手のリズムに合うまで繰り返します。
- 自分の声を録音して元の音声と比べます。divorce, separation, custodyなどの単語に特に注意しましょう。
シャドーイングとは？英語上達に効果的な理由
シャドーイング（Shadowing）は、もともとプロの通訳者養成プログラムで開発された言語学習法で、多言語習得者として知られるDr. Alexander Arguelles によって広く普及されました。方法はシンプルですが非常に効果的：ネイティブスピーカーの英語を聞きながら、1〜2秒の遅延で声に出してすぐに繰り返す——まるで「影（shadow）」のように話者を追いかけます。文法ドリルや受動的なリスニングと異なり、シャドーイングは脳と口の筋肉が同時にリアルタイムで英語を処理・再現することを強制します。研究により、発音精度、抑揚、リズム、連音、リスニング力、そして会話の流暢さが大幅に向上することが確認されています。IELTSスピーキング対策や自然な英語コミュニケーションを目指す方に特におすすめです。