تدريب Shadowing: English Collocations: Family - تعلم التحدث بالإنجليزية عبر الفيديو
جارٍ إنشاء الدرس...
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Lesson 1.
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Family.
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Let's begin our study of collocations by learning some common expressions about the family.
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Your parents and siblings, brothers and sisters, are your immediate family, and your extended family includes all your relatives,
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uncles, cousins, great-aunts, etc. You can use a family tree to diagram the relationships among your family members.
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A person who is related to you by a long series of connections can be called a distant relative.
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If you're lucky, you have a loving family or a close-knit family.
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These expressions refer to a family that has good relationships, where everyone loves each other and helps each other.
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If you were raised in a loving family, then you probably had a carefree childhood.
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That means you had nothing to worry about when you were young.
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On the other hand, a family in which the relationships are bad or unhealthy can be called a dysfunctional family.
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If the children experience abuse, poverty, or problems with the law, we can say they had a troubled childhood.
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Perhaps the parents went through a bitter divorce.
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That means a separation in which there were bad or angry feelings between the husband and wife.
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It's also possible to have a messy divorce,
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with a prolonged legal battle involving lots of conflicts about the separation of the former couple's assets, money and possessions.
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The decisions about the separation of assets are made in the divorce settlement.
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A family in which there are divorces or separations is sometimes called a broken home.
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Sometimes the mother and father fight over custody of the children.
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That refers to who has the primary responsibility of caring for the kids.
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A judge can grant joint custody.
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That means the ex-husband and ex-wife share the responsibility, or sole custody to only one parent.
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For example, a judge might award sole custody to the mother,
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and the father has to pay child support—regular payments to help with expenses for the kids.
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If it was a mutual divorce or separation—that means the ex-husband
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and ex-wife agreed to separate without fighting—then they will probably stay on good terms with each other,
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meaning to have a polite relationship without conflicts.
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If a woman gets pregnant without being married or in a relationship, then she will become a single mother.
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Some women in this situation choose to have an abortion, and others prefer to give the baby up for adoption.
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The time when the baby is planned to arrive is called the due date.
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you can also say the baby is due in mid-October, for example.
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After the woman has the baby or gives birth to the baby, the baby is given to the adoptive parents who will raise the child
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or bring up the child as if it was their own.
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Sometimes when the adopted child is older, he or she tries to find their birth mother, biological mother.
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Now take the quiz for Lesson 1, Collocations About Family.
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المفردات وملاحظات التحدث لهذا الدرس
يحتوي هذا الفيديو على 35 جملة و497 كلمة للتدرب على الترديد. مدة الكلام 3:43. يتكلم المتحدث بسرعة ثابتة، نحو 134 كلمة في الدقيقة، وهي سرعة مريحة للترديد. 83% من الكلمات ضمن أكثر 3,000 كلمة شيوعًا في الإنجليزية، ويُستحسن مراجعة الباقي قبل البدء.
أهم المفردات في هذا الفيديو
15 كلمة من الفيديو تستحق التعلّم، مع النطق والمعنى:
| الكلمة | النطق | المعنى |
|---|---|---|
| divorce اسم | /dɪˈvɔːs/ | طَلَاق, تَطْلِيق |
| separation اسم | /ˌsɛp.əˈɹeɪ.ʃən/ | تَفْرِقَة |
| custody اسم | /ˈkʌstədiː/ | حَبْس |
| relative اسم | /ˈɹɛl.ə.tɪv/ | قَرِيب, قَرِيبَة |
| refer فعل | /ɹɪˈfɜː/ | أَشَارَ |
| sole اسم | /səʊl/ | أَخْمُص, بَاطِن القَدَم |
| poverty اسم | /ˈpɑːvɚti/ | فَقْر |
| uncle اسم | /ˈʌŋ.kl̩/ | عَمّ, خَال |
| cousin اسم | /ˈkʌz(ə)n/ | اِبْن عَمّ, بِنْت عَمّ |
| arrive فعل | /əˈɹaɪv/ | وَصَلَ |
| possession اسم | /pəˈzɛʃn̩/ | مَسّ, تَلَبُّس |
| biological صفة | /ˌbaɪ.əˈlɑ.d͡ʒɪ.kəl/ | بِيُولُوجِيّ, أَحْيَائِي |
| mutual صفة | /ˈmjuːt͡ʃuəl/ | مُتَبَادَل |
| abortion اسم | /əˈbɔɹ.ʃn̩/ | خِدَاج, إِجْهَاض |
| expense اسم | /ɪkˈspɛns/ | صَرْف, مَصْرُوف |
القواعد في هذا الفيديو
أكثر التراكيب التي يستخدمها المتحدث، مع العبارات نفسها من الفيديو:
| التركيب | في الفيديو |
|---|---|
| المبني للمجهول be + اسم المفعول — التركيز على ما يحدث لا على من يفعله | is related · were raised · can be called |
| المستقبل بـ “will” will + فعل — قرار أو وعد أو توقع | will probably stay · will become · will raise |
نطق يحتاج إلى انتباه
- أصوات “sh” و“zh”: separation /ˌsɛp.əˈɹeɪ.ʃən/, possession /pəˈzɛʃn̩/, abortion /əˈbɔɹ.ʃn̩/, adoption /əˈdɑp.ʃən/, collocation /ˌkɑ.ləˈkeɪ.ʃən/
- الكلمات الطويلة — انتبه لموضع النبر: separation /ˌsɛp.əˈɹeɪ.ʃən/, biological /ˌbaɪ.əˈlɑ.d͡ʒɪ.kəl/, collocation /ˌkɑ.ləˈkeɪ.ʃən/
كيف تتدرب بهذا الفيديو
- استمع إلى الفيديو كاملًا مرة واحدة دون أن تتكلم، ودوّن الكلمات التي لا تعرفها.
- ردّد جملة جملة بالسرعة العادية، وكرّر كل جملة حتى يتطابق إيقاعك مع المتحدث.
- سجّل صوتك وقارنه بالأصل، مع الانتباه إلى كلمات مثل divorce, separation, custody.
ما هي تقنية التظليل الصوتي؟
التظليل الصوتي (Shadowing) تقنية تعلم لغة مدعومة علمياً، طُورت أصلاً لتدريب المترجمين الفوريين المحترفين. الطريقة بسيطة لكنها قوية: تستمع لصوت إنجليزي أصلي وتكرره فوراً بصوت عالٍ — كظل يتبع المتحدث بتأخير 1-2 ثانية. تُظهر الأبحاث تحسناً كبيراً في دقة النطق والتنغيم والإيقاع وربط الأصوات والاستماع والطلاقة.