跟读练习: English Collocations: Family - 通过视频学习英语口语
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Lesson 1.
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Family.
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Let's begin our study of collocations by learning some common expressions about the family.
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Your parents and siblings, brothers and sisters, are your immediate family, and your extended family includes all your relatives,
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uncles, cousins, great-aunts, etc. You can use a family tree to diagram the relationships among your family members.
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A person who is related to you by a long series of connections can be called a distant relative.
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If you're lucky, you have a loving family or a close-knit family.
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These expressions refer to a family that has good relationships, where everyone loves each other and helps each other.
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If you were raised in a loving family, then you probably had a carefree childhood.
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That means you had nothing to worry about when you were young.
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On the other hand, a family in which the relationships are bad or unhealthy can be called a dysfunctional family.
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If the children experience abuse, poverty, or problems with the law, we can say they had a troubled childhood.
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Perhaps the parents went through a bitter divorce.
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That means a separation in which there were bad or angry feelings between the husband and wife.
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It's also possible to have a messy divorce,
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with a prolonged legal battle involving lots of conflicts about the separation of the former couple's assets, money and possessions.
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The decisions about the separation of assets are made in the divorce settlement.
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A family in which there are divorces or separations is sometimes called a broken home.
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Sometimes the mother and father fight over custody of the children.
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That refers to who has the primary responsibility of caring for the kids.
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A judge can grant joint custody.
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That means the ex-husband and ex-wife share the responsibility, or sole custody to only one parent.
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For example, a judge might award sole custody to the mother,
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and the father has to pay child support—regular payments to help with expenses for the kids.
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If it was a mutual divorce or separation—that means the ex-husband
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and ex-wife agreed to separate without fighting—then they will probably stay on good terms with each other,
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meaning to have a polite relationship without conflicts.
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If a woman gets pregnant without being married or in a relationship, then she will become a single mother.
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Some women in this situation choose to have an abortion, and others prefer to give the baby up for adoption.
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The time when the baby is planned to arrive is called the due date.
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you can also say the baby is due in mid-October, for example.
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After the woman has the baby or gives birth to the baby, the baby is given to the adoptive parents who will raise the child
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or bring up the child as if it was their own.
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Sometimes when the adopted child is older, he or she tries to find their birth mother, biological mother.
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Now take the quiz for Lesson 1, Collocations About Family.
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本课的词汇与口语要点
这段视频共有 35 个句子、497 个单词可供跟读。 讲话部分时长为 3:43。 说话人语速平稳，每分钟约 134 个词，很适合跟读。 83% 的单词属于英语最常用的 3,000 词，其余的词建议在练习前先学一下。
视频中的重点词汇
视频中 15 个值得学习的单词，附发音和释义：
| 单词 | 发音 | 释义 |
|---|---|---|
| divorce 名词 | /dɪˈvɔːs/ | 離婚 /离婚 |
| separation 名词 | /ˌsɛp.əˈɹeɪ.ʃən/ | 分割, 分離 /分离 |
| custody 名词 | /ˈkʌstədiː/ | 撫養權 /抚养权, 監護權 /监护权 |
| relative 名词 | /ˈɹɛl.ə.tɪv/ | 親戚 /亲戚 |
| refer 动词 | /ɹɪˈfɜː/ | 談到 /谈到 |
| sole 名词 | /səʊl/ | 腳掌 /脚掌, 腳底 /脚底 |
| asset 名词 | /ˈæsɛt/ | 資產 /资产 |
| poverty 名词 | /ˈpɑːvɚti/ | 貧窮 /贫穷, 貧困 /贫困 |
| uncle 名词 | /ˈʌŋ.kl̩/ | 伯父, 伯伯 |
| cousin 名词 | /ˈkʌz(ə)n/ | 堂兄, 堂哥 |
| arrive 动词 | /əˈɹaɪv/ | 到達 /到达, 到 |
| possession 名词 | /pəˈzɛʃn̩/ | 所有物, 財產 /财产 |
| biological 形容词 | /ˌbaɪ.əˈlɑ.d͡ʒɪ.kəl/ | 生物 |
| mutual 形容词 | /ˈmjuːt͡ʃuəl/ | 相互 |
| abortion 名词 | /əˈbɔɹ.ʃn̩/ | 流產 /流产, 人工流產 /人工流产 |
视频中出现的短语动词
| 单词 | 释义 |
|---|---|
| bring up 动词 | 撫養 /抚养, 養大 /养大 |
| go through 动词 | 通過 /通过 |
视频中的语法
说话人最常用的结构，并附上视频中的原话：
| 结构 | 视频中的用法 |
|---|---|
| 被动语态 be + 过去分词 — 强调发生了什么，而不是谁做的 | is related · were raised · can be called |
| “will” 表将来 will + 动词 — 决定、承诺或预测 | will probably stay · will become · will raise |
需要注意的发音
- “sh” 和 “zh” 音: separation /ˌsɛp.əˈɹeɪ.ʃən/, possession /pəˈzɛʃn̩/, abortion /əˈbɔɹ.ʃn̩/, adoption /əˈdɑp.ʃən/, collocation /ˌkɑ.ləˈkeɪ.ʃən/
- 长单词——注意重音位置: separation /ˌsɛp.əˈɹeɪ.ʃən/, biological /ˌbaɪ.əˈlɑ.d͡ʒɪ.kəl/, collocation /ˌkɑ.ləˈkeɪ.ʃən/
如何用这段视频练习
- 先完整听一遍视频，不要开口，记下不认识的单词。
- 用正常速度逐句跟读，每句重复到你的节奏与说话人一致为止。
- 录下自己的声音并与原声对比，特别注意 divorce, separation, custody 这类单词。
什么是跟读法？
跟读法 (Shadowing) 是一种有科学依据的语言学习技巧，最初开发用于专业口译员的培训，并由多语言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。这个方法简单而强大：您在听英语母语原声的同时立即大声重复——就像是一个延迟1-2秒紧跟说话者的影子。与被动听力或语法练习不同，跟读法强迫您的大脑和口腔肌肉同时处理并模仿真实的讲话模式。研究表明它能显着提高发音准确性，语调，节奏，连读，听力理解和口语流利度——使其成为雅思口语备考和真实英语交流最有效的方法之一。