シャドーイング練習: HISTORY OF IDEAS - Loneliness - 動画で英語スピーキングを学ぶ
練習モードを選ぶ
各モードは全画面の練習ルームで開きます。
79 文
文が短すぎたり長すぎる場合は、Editをタップして調整してください。
1
What is difficult in the modern world?
2
When we think about what's difficult in the modern world, we're liable to think about meal times.
3
How seldom they now take place communally.
4
How rare it is for whole families to gather.
5
How much technology can intrude.
6
In paintings of communal meals from the olden days,
7
we can appreciate how all ages used to come together around one table and how welcoming the atmosphere seems to have been.
8
Even the family horse might have been invited to join in.
9
The modern condition appears so bleak by comparison.
10
Rather than a family around the hearth, the emblematic image is of a single person with a tray on their knees in front of the television.
11
It was the Swanson Corporation, originally a poultry producer in Omaha, Nebraska, that launched the frozen TV dinner in 1954,
12
the same year coloured television was introduced in the US.
13
It is a short distance in time, but a long way in spirit,
14
from Norman Rockwell's laughter-filled family Thanksgiving celebration to Swanson's industrially produced Turkey Meal for One.
15
The modern world is surely a lonelier place than the one that preceded it.
16
The question is why.
17
It isn't ultimately technology that has made us lonely.
18
It's an identifiable set of ideas.
19
We've rendered ourselves lonely first and foremost because of certain stories we've started to tell about what loneliness means.
20
Most eras before our own knew that solitude did not, per se, have to be a sign of wretchedness.
21
In the fourth century, the The greatest saint of early Christianity, Saint Anthony, was said to have spent more than 40 years by himself in Egypt's western desert,
22
not saying a word, eating only bread and salt, and communing with God.
23
So impressed were some with Anthony's life, they came to join him in the desert and became collectively known as the Desert Fathers.
24
Their philosophy of solitary piety would go on to have a decisive influence on the founding of monasteries.
25
At the height of monasticism in the Middle Ages, a million people across Europe
26
and North Africa chose to forego the bustle of family in order to dwell in some of the most rugged
27
and remote to reign in the world in silent contemplation of God.
28
However, in the wake of the reformation and the destruction of the monasteries, solitary piety began to lose its prestige and receded as a practical option.
29
Those who had previously lived alone at the tops of mountains were now encouraged to serve God by remaining in the community, finding a spouse and starting a family.
30
To this newly social religious impetus was added the influence of Romanticism, a movement of ideas that, with different ends in view,
31
similarly encouraged people to give up on commitments to their own company.
32
For the Romantics, happiness lay in identifying one exceptional soulmate,
33
to whom one could surrender one's independence and with whom one might fuse mind and body.
34
The Romantic movement turned solitude from a respectable choice to evidence of pathology.
35
When the Beatles released Eleanor Rigby in 1966, the song that more than any other defined what loneliness meant for the modern age,
36
it was at once clear why Eleanor was a pitiful figure.
37
The famous face that she kept in a jar by the door had been intended for an enchanting partner that,
38
like all single people, she must surely have longed to find.
39
Only with romantic love could there be a decent life.
40
So ran the philosophy of the song, of all the Beatles' works and, in fact, of pretty much every pop song ever written.
41
Failed to fall completely in love and, romanticism warned, one would soon enough be picking up rice in the church where a wedding had been or,
42
rivalling for strangeness, the very odd Father Mackenzie, around whom there seemed to be so little of the glamour that had once attended the Desert Fathers.
43
The modern world not only made it mandatory to have a partner,
44
it's also made it feel essential to have a vibrant gang of friends and to enjoy seeing them regularly at parties.
45
An empty diary has become an emblem of deformity.
46
But there is not the slightest admission that it might, all things considered, be a bit of a curious thing to stand in a crowded room full of status-panicked,
47
often socially anxious people, every one of them terrified of honesty or failure.
48
In 1921, Carl Jung, in his book Psychological Types, introduced the terms extroverted and introverted to divide humanity.
49
The former referred to a sort of person who could best realise their potential in the company of others.
50
The latter were those who needed to move away from crowds in order to regain their integrity.
51
Everyone possesses both mechanisms, wrote Jung, but it was evident where the spirit of the modern age has resided.
52
It has been the achievement of a few, often ignored artists of the modern period, to make a case for introversion,
53
to try to coat solitude in glamour.
54
In a painting by the German artist Caspar David Friedrich, we are invited to trust that the lonely figure in the landscape is privy to insights
55
that might be lost in the crowd down in the lowlands.
56
The man is needed to travel up to the mountains in order to put the bluster and envy of humans in perspective.
57
should dare to follow him in his trajectory.
58
Separated by many decades, Gwen John's young woman doesn't seem to belong to an official religion,
59
but if there was one dedicated to the appreciation of solitude, then she would be one of its saintly and legendary figures.
60
Her expression – kind, gentle,
61
melancholy – is an advertisement for all that the modern world has neglected in its promotion of active, cheery lives.
62
Isolation isn't a particular curse.
63
It's just where good people tend to end up.
64
We should dare to believe that we are in solitude not because we are mentally ill, but because we are noble of spirit.
65
We don't hate company, it's just
66
that we would prefer to stay home rather than accept the counterfeit tokens of community that are too often on offer.
67
The way to make people feel less alone isn't to pull them out of their musings in the forest
68
or in the diner, in the library or the desert and force them to go bowling.
69
It's to reassure them that being alone is no sign of failure.
70
To lessen modernity's crisis of loneliness, we need for solitude to be rehabilitated and for singlehood to regain its dignity.
71
There is nothing catastrophic about eating dinner, many dinners, on our own.
72
Those Swanson TV dinners might have been capable of improvement, but it is ultimately far better to be eating a basic
73
meal in peace than to be in a ballroom surrounded by false smiles and oppressive judgements.
74
When we do so, we aren't in fact on our own at all.
75
We are, as the modern world fails to remind us, dining with some of the finest, most elevated spirits who have ever lived.
76
We are, though ostensibly by ourselves, in the very best company.
77
One of the trickiest tasks we ever have to face is that of working out who we really are.
78
This book is designed to help us create a psychological portrait of ourselves, with the use of some unusual, oblique, entertaining and playful prompts.
79
Click the link on screen now to find out more.
アプリをダウンロード
流暢に話すために必要なすべて
AI発音採点文ごとに採点
IPA練習すべての音をマスター
単語学習自分の単語帳を作る
単語ゲーム遊びながら覚える
同じチャンネル
C11
Why Love NEVER Lasts FOREVER
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C158
Why Unloved People Hate Themselves #shorts #selfcare
Daily ConversationWorking Adults
C143
Why Socrates Hated Democracy
British AccentIELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students
C131
The Secret to a Calm Life
British AccentDaily ConversationWorking Adults
C17
Why Parents Bully Their Children
Daily ConversationUniversity Students
C13
Daddy Issues
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C17
Your Two Options in Love After a Bad Childhood
British AccentDaily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B28
LITERATURE - Charles Darwin
British AccentIELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students
C1621
The Point of Travel
British AccentTravel EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C11
How to Get Over Someone
British AccentUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C14
POLITICAL THEORY - Karl Marx
British AccentIELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students
C116
When Love Isn't Easy
British AccentDaily ConversationWorking Adults
C13
How To Get Over Rejection
British AccentBusiness EnglishDaily ConversationUniversity Students
C18
How to Parent Yourself
British AccentBusiness EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C18
Why We Should Refuse to Get Into Arguments
British AccentBusiness EnglishDaily ConversationUniversity Students
B27
How to Love without fear
British AccentBusiness EnglishDaily ConversationUniversity Students
B2How to Find Out What's Really on Your Mind
British AccentDaily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C13
PHILOSOPHY - Plato
British AccentDaily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C1112
What is Emotional Intelligence?
British AccentBusiness EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C17
How To Know Yourself
British AccentBusiness EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
FOR YOU
おすすめ動画
C12
201 文
The Freedom of Loneliness
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B15
37 文
SEtalk: Why We Should Eat Together
British AccentDaily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C136
34 文
Book Club Debate: Is Technology Making Us Lonelier?
British AccentDaily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C110
74 文
How to Stop Feeling Nostalgic for an Ex
British AccentDaily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C120
112 文
Why you can't quit social media (and the Romans knew it)
British AccentDaily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C13
65 文
The shock of doing nothing | Andrew Holecek
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C11
199 文
Become Someone for Others - Bishop Barron's Sunday Sermon
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C11
238 文
Cosmic Insignificance Theory: A Simple Idea That Will Change Your Life Forever
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C11
150 文
Why We Can't Save Those We Love
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C17
175 文
The Lost Art Of The Intellectual Life
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C15
4 文
Loneliness and the Illusion of Connection | Thich Nhat Hanh, 2012.12.13
Daily ConversationWorking Adults
このレッスンの語彙とスピーキングのポイント
このC1レベルのスピーキングレッスンは、動画「HISTORY OF IDEAS - Loneliness」を教材にしています。 繰り返し出てくる語は次のとおりです：modern, solitude, desert。 この動画には、シャドーイング用の文が79文、単語が1247語あります。 音声の長さは8:00です。 話す速さは1分あたり約156語で、日常会話に近い自然なペースです。 英語の頻出3,000語に含まれる単語は79%だけなので、語彙は難しめです。
この動画の重要語彙
動画の中で特に難しい単語15語を、発音と意味つきで紹介します。
| 単語 | 発音 | 意味 |
|---|---|---|
| solitude 名詞 | /ˈsɑlɪˌtud/ | 孤独 |
| loneliness 名詞 | /ˈloʊnlinəs/ | 孤独, 寂しさ |
| piety 名詞 | /ˈpaɪ̯ɪti/ | 篤信 |
| romanticism 名詞 | /ɹəʊˈmæntɪsɪzəm/ | ロマンチシズム, ロマン主義 |
| monastery 名詞 | /ˈmɑnəˌstɛɹi/ | 修道院, 僧院 |
| solitary 形容詞 | /ˈsɑlɪˌtɛɹi/ | 独居の |
| bustle 名詞 | /ˈbʌsəl/ | バッスル |
| deformity 名詞 | /dɪˈfɔɹməti/ | 奇形 |
| hearth 名詞 | /ˈhɑɹθ/ | 囲炉裏 |
| introversion 名詞 | /ɪntɹəˈvəɹʒən/ | 内向性, 内向 |
| introverted 形容詞 | /ˈɪn.tɹəˌvɜːɹ.təd/ | 内向的 |
| intrude 動詞 | /ɪnˈtɹuːd/ | 侵す, 押しつける |
| lowland 名詞 | 低地 | |
| melancholy 名詞 | /ˈmɛl.ənˌkɑ.li/ | 憂鬱, 鬱病 |
| ostensibly 副詞 | /ɑˈstɛn.sə.bli/ | うわべは, 表向きは |
動画に出てくる句動詞
| 単語 | 意味 |
|---|---|
| find out 動詞 | 見出す, 調べる |
| pick up 動詞 | 拾う, 拾い上げる |
この動画の文法
話し手がよく使っている文型を、動画の実際の表現とともに紹介します。
| 文型 | 動画での表現 |
|---|---|
| 受動態 be + 過去分詞 — 誰がするかより、何が起きるかに焦点を当てる | have been invited · was introduced · was said |
| 現在完了形 have/has + 過去分詞 — 過去の出来事が今も関係している | has made · We've rendered · has become |
| 関係詞節 who / which + 節 — 人や物について情報を加える | Those who had · person who could · those who needed |
注意したい発音
話し手はisn't, we've, aren'tなど、短縮形や弱形を9回使っています。聞こえたとおりの短い形で発音しましょう。
- 「th」の音: hearth /ˈhɑɹθ/, pathology /pəˈθɒləd͡ʒi/
- 「sh」と「zh」の音: contemplation /ˌkɑntəmˈpleɪʃən/, introversion /ɪntɹəˈvəɹʒən/, reassure /ˌɹi.əˈʃʊɹ/, reformation /ˌɹɛf.əɹˈmeɪ.ʃən/, socially /ˈsoʊʃəli/
- 長い単語（アクセントの位置に注意）: romanticism /ɹəʊˈmæntɪsɪzəm/, monastery /ˈmɑnəˌstɛɹi/, solitary /ˈsɑlɪˌtɛɹi/, contemplation /ˌkɑntəmˈpleɪʃən/, deformity /dɪˈfɔɹməti/
日本語話者が苦手な音：
- /r/ と /l/ の区別 — /l/ は舌先を歯茎につけ、/r/ はどこにもつけない: solitary /ˈsɑlɪˌtɛɹi/, industrially /ɪnˈdʌs.tɹɪ.ə.li/, rehabilitate /ɹiː(h)əˈbɪlɪteɪt/, ballroom /ˈbɔːlɹuːm/, poultry /ˈpɒltɹi/
- /v/ — /b/ にならないように、上の歯を下唇に当てる: elevate /ˈɛləveɪt/, extroverted /ˈɛkstɹəˌvəɹtɪd/, introversion /ɪntɹəˈvəɹʒən/, introverted /ˈɪn.tɹəˌvɜːɹ.təd/, oppressive /əˈpɹɛs.ɪv/
- /f/ — 「フ」ではなく、上の歯と下唇で出す: counterfeit /ˈkaʊn.tɚˌfɪt/, deformity /dɪˈfɔɹməti/, pitiful /ˈpɪt.ɪ.fl̩/, terrify /ˈtɛɹɪfaɪ/, reformation /ˌɹɛf.əɹˈmeɪ.ʃən/
この動画での練習方法
- まず声を出さずに動画を最後まで聞き、知らない単語をメモします。
- まず0.75倍速で一文ずつシャドーイングし、慣れてきたら通常の速度に戻します。
- 自分の声を録音して元の音声と比べます。solitude, loneliness, pietyなどの単語に特に注意しましょう。
シャドーイングとは？英語上達に効果的な理由
シャドーイング（Shadowing）は、もともとプロの通訳者養成プログラムで開発された言語学習法で、多言語習得者として知られるDr. Alexander Arguelles によって広く普及されました。方法はシンプルですが非常に効果的：ネイティブスピーカーの英語を聞きながら、1〜2秒の遅延で声に出してすぐに繰り返す——まるで「影（shadow）」のように話者を追いかけます。文法ドリルや受動的なリスニングと異なり、シャドーイングは脳と口の筋肉が同時にリアルタイムで英語を処理・再現することを強制します。研究により、発音精度、抑揚、リズム、連音、リスニング力、そして会話の流暢さが大幅に向上することが確認されています。IELTSスピーキング対策や自然な英語コミュニケーションを目指す方に特におすすめです。