シャドーイング練習: Horse Terms Explained - 動画で英語スピーキングを学ぶ

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Hi, I'm Callie from CRK Training, and in today's video we've got something a little different for you again.

We're going to actually be going over some common but weird horse terminology.

So I realized as talking to some of my friends who are pretty much brand new to the horse world

that those of us

that have been around horses for a long time have almost this second language

that we use to describe things with our horses or things that we do in riding.

And for those of you that might be a little bit newer, kind of coming into this community,

some of this lingo that we can use sounds a little bit bizarre.

So what I'm going to do today is just go over some of the most common terms

that I find that I get questions on as I use them, and I'm going to explain a little bit what they mean.

First we're going to start with some words that refer to the horse, to the type of the horse, or the horse's behavior.

Our first term is sound or unsound.

So a sound horse is one that's moving comfortably with no lameness,

and an unsound horse is one that has some lameness and it's noticeable in the way that he's moving.

Green broke.

So when we talk about a green horse, we're obviously not referring to his color, but we're referring to his level of training.

And a horse that is green or that is green broke basically means that he's an inexperienced horse.

Most commonly he's also young but he could be older and just be lacking training.

Hot.

So when we talk about a hot horse we are referring to his temperament.

So if a horse is hot it means that he's probably very reactive

and very excitable which often makes them a little bit more difficult to ride.

Barn Sour.

A Barn Sour horse is one that wants to go back to the barn.

So it might be that he acts up when he's in the arena, it might be that he acts up on the trail,

but he's wanting to go back to the barn and we call that Barn Sour.

Buddy Sour.

Just like our last term, a horse that is Buddy Sour wants to be with his friends.

He wants to be with the other horses and he's got to probably act up when he's away from them.

Action.

So when we're talking about action, it's usually used in the context of the way that the horse moves.

So that horse has a lot of front end action.

That horse has a lot of hind end action.

What this means is that he's got, it refers to the movement of the horse.

So action refers to the movement.

And if we say a horse has a lot of action, means that he's got a lot of movement.

He's probably got movement that's kind of above normal levels.

Bomb -proof.

If we refer to a bomb -proof horse, we're talking about one that is pretty much unflappable.

So he's not very reactive to things.

He stays very calm and exciting situations or environments don't affect the bomb -proof horse.

Broke.

If we say that a horse is broke or he's a well -broke horse,

it basically means that he's got a higher level of training and he's probably pretty easy to ride.

So he doesn't react to a lot of things.

He knows his basic cues and his signals under saddle.

That's what we call a broke horse.

Easy or hard keepers.

If we say that a horse is an easy keeper, it means that he doesn't take a lot of feed to maintain a healthy weight.

If we say that a horse is a hard keeper, it means that he does take a lot of feed, usually a lot of grain,

or a lot of extra maintenance to maintain the correct body weight.

In this next section, we're going to talk about just a few terms that relate to riding.

Changing the rein.

If you're in a lesson and your instructor tells you to change your rein, this basically just means change direction and go the other way.

Put your leg on.

So this is a common phrase that we use when we're riding or that especially that us riding instructors tell our students,

but it can be a little bit vague if you don't quite understand the feeling of it.

So when we say put your leg on, it basically means squeeze the horse or apply pressure with your legs.

On the bit.

So this term also sounds a little bit funny, but on the bit refers to a horse that understands contact with the reins,

has a nice roundness through his body, is soft in the bridle and in the rider's hands, and is moving nicely and correctly.

Ahead of the leg or behind the leg.

So these two phrases are talking about a horse that is either basically going too forward or going too slow.

So a horse

that is ahead of a rider's leg is probably oversensitive to the pressure from the rider's leg

and is likely moving too quickly.

A horse that is behind the leg is not responding to the cues from the rider's leg

and is probably going a little too slow, not enough energy.

AIDS.

When we refer to the AIDS, to like the rider's AIDS, we're talking about the ways that a rider is cueing the horse.

So for example, we have the rain aids, cues that we give with the reins.

We have the seat aids, so cues that we give with our seat in the saddle.

We have leg aids, and then we might also have aids from a whip or aids with something else like a spur.

In our final section, we're going to cover just a few terms that relate to the equipment that we use.

Tack.

So this is a pretty common one, but if you're brand new to horses, it might sound a little funny.

But tack basically just sums up all the things that we use to ride a horse.

So if we're tacking up, it just means we're saddling and bridling the horse to get ready for riding.

Flakes of hay.

So when we refer to a flake of hay, we're not actually referring to a single flake, But when hay is baled,

it is compacted into smaller sections within the larger bale.

Usually those smaller sections are about a tenth of a bale for a common size small bale.

And each of those sections is referred to as a flake.

Cavaletti.

So, cavalletti is basically a fancy term for poles on the ground

that we have the horse step over for different training exercises.

I hope you enjoyed this list of common horse riding and equipment terms.

If you have any others to add to the list, go ahead and put them in the comments below.

And the best comments and if you have any questions, those are best answered at crktrainingblog .com.

You can go there now

and we've got tons of other free videos for you on all kinds of riding and training topics.

Thanks for watching.

I'll see you in the comments.

Thank you.

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このレッスンの語彙とスピーキングのポイント

このスピーキングレッスンは、動画「Horse Terms Explained」を教材にしています。繰り返し出てくる語は次のとおりです：horse, leg, aids, term, refer。この動画には、シャドーイング用の文が94文、単語が1228語あります。音声の長さは7:10です。話す速さは1分あたり約171語で、日常会話に近い自然なペースです。単語の83%は英語の頻出3,000語に含まれます。残りは練習の前に確認しておきましょう。

この動画の重要語彙

動画に出てくる覚えておきたい単語15語を、発音と意味つきで紹介します。

単語	発音	意味
refer 動詞	/ɹɪˈfɜː/	問い合わせる
barn 名詞	[ˈbɑɹn]	納屋, 家畜小屋
bale 名詞	/beɪl/	俵
saddle 名詞	/ˈsæd(ə)l/	鞍, サドル
phrase 名詞	/ˈfɹeɪ̯z/	句, 語句
relate 動詞	/ɹɪˈleɪt/	繋げる
instructor 名詞	/ɪnˈstɹʌktɚ/	インストラクター, 教師
topic 名詞	/ˈtɑpɪk/	話題, テーマ
lesson 名詞	/ˈlɛs.ən/	授業, 学科
trail 名詞	/tɹeɪl/	跡, 痕跡
sum 名詞	/sʌm/	総額
arena 名詞	/əˈɹiːnə/	闘技場, アリーナ
ton 名詞	/tʌn/	トン
pole 名詞	/pəʊl/	極
grain 名詞	/ɡɹeɪn/	穀物, 穀類

動画に出てくる句動詞

単語	発音	意味
go ahead 動詞	/ˌɡoʊ əˈhɛd/	どうぞお先に

この動画の文法

話し手がよく使っている文型を、動画の実際の表現とともに紹介します。

文型	動画での表現
受動態 be + 過去分詞 — 誰がするかより、何が起きるかに焦点を当てる	is baled · is compacted · is referred
「might / may」による可能性 might/may + 動詞 — 起こりうるが確実ではないこと	might be · might also have · might sound
最上級 the -est / the most … — グループの中で一番	the most common · the best
現在進行形 am/is/are + -ing — 今まさに、または最近起きていること	we're referring · are referring · we're talking

注意したい発音

話し手はwe're, I'm, doesn'tなど、短縮形や弱形を25回使っています。聞こえたとおりの短い形で発音しましょう。

長い単語（アクセントの位置に注意）: terminology /ˌtɝ.məˈnɑ.lə.d͡ʒi/, inexperienced /ɪnəkˈspɪəɹi.ənst/, excitable /ɪkˈsaɪtəbəl/, temperament /ˈtɛm.pɚ.ə.mənt/, unflappable /ʌnˈflæpəbəl/

日本語話者が苦手な音：

/r/ と /l/ の区別 — /l/ は舌先を歯茎につけ、/r/ はどこにもつけない: relate /ɹɪˈleɪt/, trail /tɹeɪl/, correctly /kəˈɹɛk(t).li/, bridle /ˈbɹaɪdəl/
/v/ — /b/ にならないように、上の歯を下唇に当てる: reactive /ɹiːˈæktɪv/, vague /veɪɡ/
/f/ — 「フ」ではなく、上の歯と下唇で出す: refer /ɹɪˈfɜː/, phrase /ˈfɹeɪ̯z/, fancy /ˈfæn.si/, comfortably /ˈkʌmftɚbli/, flake /fleɪk/

この動画での練習方法

まず声を出さずに動画を最後まで聞き、知らない単語をメモします。
まず0.75倍速で一文ずつシャドーイングし、慣れてきたら通常の速度に戻します。
自分の声を録音して元の音声と比べます。refer, barn, baleなどの単語に特に注意しましょう。

シャドーイングとは？英語上達に効果的な理由

シャドーイング（Shadowing）は、もともとプロの通訳者養成プログラムで開発された言語学習法で、多言語習得者として知られるDr. Alexander Arguelles によって広く普及されました。方法はシンプルですが非常に効果的：ネイティブスピーカーの英語を聞きながら、1〜2秒の遅延で声に出してすぐに繰り返す——まるで「影（shadow）」のように話者を追いかけます。文法ドリルや受動的なリスニングと異なり、シャドーイングは脳と口の筋肉が同時にリアルタイムで英語を処理・再現することを強制します。研究により、発音精度、抑揚、リズム、連音、リスニング力、そして会話の流暢さが大幅に向上することが確認されています。IELTSスピーキング対策や自然な英語コミュニケーションを目指す方に特におすすめです。

シャドーイングのやり方: ステップ別の完全ガイドを読む →

シャドーイング練習: Horse Terms Explained - 動画で英語スピーキングを学ぶ

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