シャドーイング練習: How to Improve Yourself Right NOW (and Why) - Prof. Jordan Peterson - 動画で英語スピーキングを学ぶ
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67 文
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What could you do to improve yourself?
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Well, let's step one step backwards.
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The first question might be: Why should you even bother improving yourself?
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And I think the answer to that is something like so you don't suffer anymore stupidly than you have to.
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And maybe so others don't have to either. It's something like that.
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You know, like, there is a real adjunction at the bottom of it.
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It's not some casual self-help doctrine, it's that if you don't organize yourself properly: you'll pay for it!
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And in a big way. And so will the people around you.
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And you can say: 'Well, I don't care about that!' but that's actually not true, you actually DO care about that.
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Because if you're in pain you will care about it.
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And so you DO care about it even if it's just that negative way, you know.
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It's very rare that you can find someone who is in excruciating pain who would ever say 'Well, it would be no better if I was out of this!' This sort of pain is one of those things that brings the idea that it would be better if it didn't exist along with it.
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It's incontrovertible.
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So you get your act together so that there isn't any more stupid pain around you that necessary.
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So then the question might be: how would you go about getting your act together?
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And the answer to that - - and this is a phenomenological idea, too - it's something like: Look around for something that bothers you and see if you can fix it.
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So now you think, well...
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Let's say you go into...
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You can do this in a room, it's quite fun to do it.
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Just when you're sitting in a room - maybe your bedroom - you can sit there and just sort of meditate on it and think: 'Okay, if I wanted to spend ten minutes making this room better, what would I have to do?' And you have to ask yourself that. It's not a command, it's like a genuine question.
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And things will pop out in the room like there's a stack of papers over there that's kind of bugging you and you know that maybe a little order there would be a good thing.
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There's some rubbish behind your computer monitor that you haven't attended to for like six months.
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The room would be slightly better if it was a little less dusty and the cables weren't all tangled up the same way.
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If you allow yourself just to consider the expanse in which you exist at that moment there will be all sorts of things that pop out in it that you could just fix.
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And you know I might say well, if you were coming to see me for psychotherapy the easiest thing for us to do first would just be to get you to organize your room You think: 'Well, is that psychotherapy?' And the answer is: it depends on how you conceive the limits of your being.
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And I would say: start where you can start!
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You know, if something announces itself to you - which is a strange way of thinking about it - as 'in need of repair' that you COULD repair then, hey! Fix it!
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You fix a hundred things like that, your life will be a lot different.
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Now, I often tell people too: fix the things you repeat every day.
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Because people tend to think of those as trivial.
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You get up, you brush your teeth, you have your breakfast...
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You have your routines that you go through every day.
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Those probably constitute fifty percent of your life!
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And people think: 'They are mundane, I don't need to pay attention to them.' No, no, that's exactly wrong.
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The things you do every day: those are the most important things you do.
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Hands down, all you have to do is do the arithmetic.
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You figured out right away.
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So, a hundred adjustments to your broader domain of being and there's a lot less rubbish around a lot fewer traps for you to step into.
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And so that's in keeping with Jung's idea about erasing the this...
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Once you got your mind and your emotions together and once you're acting that out, then you can extend what you are willing to consider your self and start fixing up the things that are part of your broader extend.
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Now, sometimes you don't know how to do that.
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Imagine you are walking down blur street and there is this guy who is alcoholic and schizophrenic and has been on the streets for ten years.
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He sort of stumbles towards you and incoherently mutters something.
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That's a problem!
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And it would be good if you could fix it but you haven't got a clue about how to fix THAT.
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You just walk around that and go find something that you could fix because if you muck about in that, not only is it unlikely that you'll help that person, it's VERY likely that you'll get hurt yourself!
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Just because you're experiencing things announce themselves as in need of repair doesn't mean that it's YOU right then and there that should repair them.
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You have to have some humility.
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You don't walk up to a helicopter that isn't working and just start tinkering away with it.
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You have to stay within your domain of competence but most of the time, if people look at their lives... You know - it's a very interesting thing to do.
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I like the idea of the room because you can do that at the drop of a hat.
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Go back to where you live and sit down and think: 'Okay, I'm gonna make this place better for half an hour - what should I do?' You have to ASK and things will just pop up like mad and it's partly because your mind is a very strange thing and as soon as you give it an aim - a genuine aim - it'll reconfigure the world in keeping with that aim.
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That's actually how you see to begin with.
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So if you set it a task... You have to be genuine about it which is why you have to bring your thoughts and emotions together and then you have to get them in your body so you're acting consistently.
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You have to be genuine about the aim but once you aim the world will reconfigure itself around that aim, which is very strange.
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It's technically true!
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The best example of that - you have all seen this video where you watch the basketballs being tossed back and forth between members of the white team versus the black team and while you are doing that a gorilla walks up into the middle of the video and you don't see it.
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If you thought about that experiment for about five years, that would be about the right amount of time to spend thinking about it.
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Because what it shows you is that you see what you aim at.
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And that - man! - if you can get one thing through your head as a consequence of even being in university THAT would be a good one: You see what you aim at.
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And so, because one inference you might draw from that is: Be careful what you aim at!
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Right? What you aim at determines the way the world manifests itself to you So if the world is manifesting itself in a very negative way one thing to ask is: Are you aiming at the right thing?
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You know I'm not trying to reduce everybody's problems to an improper aim.
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People get cut off at the knees for all sorts of reasons.
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They get sick, they have accidents.
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There's a random element to being, that's for sure, but - You don't want to take anything, even that particular phrase, too far You want to bind it with the fact that random things do happen to people.
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But it's still a great thing to ask.
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このレッスンの語彙とスピーキングのポイント
このC1レベルのスピーキングレッスンは、動画「How to Improve Yourself Right NOW (and Why) - Prof. Jordan Peterson」を教材にしています。 この動画には、シャドーイング用の文が67文、単語が1338語あります。 音声の長さは6:59です。 話す速さは速く、1分あたり約191語です。音のつながりや弱く発音される音が多くなります。 単語の88%は英語の頻出3,000語に含まれます。残りは練習の前に確認しておきましょう。
この動画の重要語彙
動画の中で特に難しい単語15語を、発音と意味つきで紹介します。
| 単語 | 発音 | 意味 |
|---|---|---|
| manifest 名詞 | /ˈmæn.ɪ.fɛst/ | 積荷目録 |
| rubbish 名詞 | /ˈɹʌbɪʃ/ | くだらないこと, ばかばかしいこと |
| organize 動詞 | /ˈɔɹɡənaɪz/ | 組織する |
| arithmetic 名詞 | /æɹɪθˈmɛtɪk/ | 算数 |
| conceive 動詞 | /kənˈsiːv/ | 妊娠する, 孕む |
| meditate 動詞 | /ˈmɛ.dɪˌteɪt/ | 瞑想する |
| mutter 動詞 | /ˈmʌtə/ | 呟く, 囁く |
| stumble 動詞 | /ˈstʌmbəl/ | 躓く |
| tangle 動詞 | /ˈtæŋ.ɡəl/ | 縺れる |
| blur 動詞 | /blɝ/ | ぼかす |
| improper 形容詞 | /ɪmˈpɹɑ.pɚ/ | そぐわない, 不適切な |
| humility 名詞 | /hjuːˈmɪlɪti/ | 謙遜 |
| gorilla 名詞 | /ɡəˈɹɪl.ə/ | ゴリラ |
| trivial 形容詞 | /ˈtɹɪv.i.əl/ | つまらない, 些細な |
| erase 動詞 | /ɪˈɹeɪs/ | 消す, 消去する |
動画に出てくる句動詞
| 単語 | 意味 |
|---|---|
| get up 動詞 | 起きる |
| sit down 動詞 | 座る, 腰掛ける |
繰り返し練習したい文
動画に出てくる短く完結した文です。日常会話でそのまま使えます。
- What could you do to improve yourself?
- Let's say you go into...
- You know - it's a very interesting thing to do.
- That's actually how you see to begin with.
この動画の文法
話し手がよく使っている文型を、動画の実際の表現とともに紹介します。
| 文型 | 動画での表現 |
|---|---|
| 条件文 if + 節, will/would + 動詞 — 条件とその結果 | if you don't organize yourself properly: you'll pay · if you're in pain you will care |
| 関係詞節 who / which + 節 — 人や物について情報を加える | someone who is · guy who is · aim, which is |
| 現在完了形 have/has + 過去分詞 — 過去の出来事が今も関係している | haven't attended · has been |
注意したい発音
話し手はdon't, you're, you'llなど、短縮形や弱形を28回使っています。聞こえたとおりの短い形で発音しましょう。
- 「th」の音: psychotherapy /ˌsaɪkoʊˈθɛɹəpi/, arithmetic /æɹɪθˈmɛtɪk/
- 「sh」と「zh」の音: rubbish /ˈɹʌbɪʃ/, excruciating /ɪkˈskɹuʃi.eɪtɪŋ/
- 長い単語（アクセントの位置に注意）: psychotherapy /ˌsaɪkoʊˈθɛɹəpi/, arithmetic /æɹɪθˈmɛtɪk/, excruciating /ɪkˈskɹuʃi.eɪtɪŋ/, incoherently /ˌɪn.kəˈhɪə.ɹənt.li/, incontrovertible /ˌɪŋ.kɒn.tɹəˈvɜː.təbl̩/
日本語話者が苦手な音：
- /r/ と /l/ の区別 — /l/ は舌先を歯茎につけ、/r/ はどこにもつけない: incoherently /ˌɪn.kəˈhɪə.ɹənt.li/, incontrovertible /ˌɪŋ.kɒn.tɹəˈvɜː.təbl̩/, gorilla /ɡəˈɹɪl.ə/, trivial /ˈtɹɪv.i.əl/
- /v/ — /b/ にならないように、上の歯を下唇に当てる: conceive /kənˈsiːv/, incontrovertible /ˌɪŋ.kɒn.tɹəˈvɜː.təbl̩/, trivial /ˈtɹɪv.i.əl/
- /f/ — 「フ」ではなく、上の歯と下唇で出す: manifest /ˈmæn.ɪ.fɛst/, inference /ˈɪn.fə.ɹəns/, schizophrenic /ˌskɪtsəˈfɹɛnɪk/, fixing /ˈfɪksɪŋ/
この動画での練習方法
- まず声を出さずに動画を最後まで聞き、知らない単語をメモします。
- まず0.75倍速で一文ずつシャドーイングし、慣れてきたら通常の速度に戻します。
- 自分の声を録音して元の音声と比べます。manifest, rubbish, organizeなどの単語に特に注意しましょう。
シャドーイングとは？英語上達に効果的な理由
シャドーイング（Shadowing）は、もともとプロの通訳者養成プログラムで開発された言語学習法で、多言語習得者として知られるDr. Alexander Arguelles によって広く普及されました。方法はシンプルですが非常に効果的：ネイティブスピーカーの英語を聞きながら、1〜2秒の遅延で声に出してすぐに繰り返す——まるで「影（shadow）」のように話者を追いかけます。文法ドリルや受動的なリスニングと異なり、シャドーイングは脳と口の筋肉が同時にリアルタイムで英語を処理・再現することを強制します。研究により、発音精度、抑揚、リズム、連音、リスニング力、そして会話の流暢さが大幅に向上することが確認されています。IELTSスピーキング対策や自然な英語コミュニケーションを目指す方に特におすすめです。