跟读练习: How to Improve Yourself Right NOW (and Why) - Prof. Jordan Peterson - 通过视频学习英语口语
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What could you do to improve yourself?
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Well, let's step one step backwards.
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The first question might be: Why should you even bother improving yourself?
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And I think the answer to that is something like so you don't suffer anymore stupidly than you have to.
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And maybe so others don't have to either. It's something like that.
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You know, like, there is a real adjunction at the bottom of it.
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It's not some casual self-help doctrine, it's that if you don't organize yourself properly: you'll pay for it!
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And in a big way. And so will the people around you.
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And you can say: 'Well, I don't care about that!' but that's actually not true, you actually DO care about that.
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Because if you're in pain you will care about it.
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And so you DO care about it even if it's just that negative way, you know.
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It's very rare that you can find someone who is in excruciating pain who would ever say 'Well, it would be no better if I was out of this!' This sort of pain is one of those things that brings the idea that it would be better if it didn't exist along with it.
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It's incontrovertible.
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So you get your act together so that there isn't any more stupid pain around you that necessary.
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So then the question might be: how would you go about getting your act together?
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And the answer to that - - and this is a phenomenological idea, too - it's something like: Look around for something that bothers you and see if you can fix it.
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So now you think, well...
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Let's say you go into...
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You can do this in a room, it's quite fun to do it.
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Just when you're sitting in a room - maybe your bedroom - you can sit there and just sort of meditate on it and think: 'Okay, if I wanted to spend ten minutes making this room better, what would I have to do?' And you have to ask yourself that. It's not a command, it's like a genuine question.
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And things will pop out in the room like there's a stack of papers over there that's kind of bugging you and you know that maybe a little order there would be a good thing.
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There's some rubbish behind your computer monitor that you haven't attended to for like six months.
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The room would be slightly better if it was a little less dusty and the cables weren't all tangled up the same way.
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If you allow yourself just to consider the expanse in which you exist at that moment there will be all sorts of things that pop out in it that you could just fix.
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And you know I might say well, if you were coming to see me for psychotherapy the easiest thing for us to do first would just be to get you to organize your room You think: 'Well, is that psychotherapy?' And the answer is: it depends on how you conceive the limits of your being.
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And I would say: start where you can start!
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You know, if something announces itself to you - which is a strange way of thinking about it - as 'in need of repair' that you COULD repair then, hey! Fix it!
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You fix a hundred things like that, your life will be a lot different.
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Now, I often tell people too: fix the things you repeat every day.
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Because people tend to think of those as trivial.
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You get up, you brush your teeth, you have your breakfast...
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You have your routines that you go through every day.
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Those probably constitute fifty percent of your life!
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And people think: 'They are mundane, I don't need to pay attention to them.' No, no, that's exactly wrong.
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The things you do every day: those are the most important things you do.
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Hands down, all you have to do is do the arithmetic.
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You figured out right away.
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So, a hundred adjustments to your broader domain of being and there's a lot less rubbish around a lot fewer traps for you to step into.
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And so that's in keeping with Jung's idea about erasing the this...
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Once you got your mind and your emotions together and once you're acting that out, then you can extend what you are willing to consider your self and start fixing up the things that are part of your broader extend.
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Now, sometimes you don't know how to do that.
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Imagine you are walking down blur street and there is this guy who is alcoholic and schizophrenic and has been on the streets for ten years.
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He sort of stumbles towards you and incoherently mutters something.
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That's a problem!
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And it would be good if you could fix it but you haven't got a clue about how to fix THAT.
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You just walk around that and go find something that you could fix because if you muck about in that, not only is it unlikely that you'll help that person, it's VERY likely that you'll get hurt yourself!
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Just because you're experiencing things announce themselves as in need of repair doesn't mean that it's YOU right then and there that should repair them.
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You have to have some humility.
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You don't walk up to a helicopter that isn't working and just start tinkering away with it.
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You have to stay within your domain of competence but most of the time, if people look at their lives... You know - it's a very interesting thing to do.
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I like the idea of the room because you can do that at the drop of a hat.
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Go back to where you live and sit down and think: 'Okay, I'm gonna make this place better for half an hour - what should I do?' You have to ASK and things will just pop up like mad and it's partly because your mind is a very strange thing and as soon as you give it an aim - a genuine aim - it'll reconfigure the world in keeping with that aim.
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That's actually how you see to begin with.
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So if you set it a task... You have to be genuine about it which is why you have to bring your thoughts and emotions together and then you have to get them in your body so you're acting consistently.
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You have to be genuine about the aim but once you aim the world will reconfigure itself around that aim, which is very strange.
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It's technically true!
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The best example of that - you have all seen this video where you watch the basketballs being tossed back and forth between members of the white team versus the black team and while you are doing that a gorilla walks up into the middle of the video and you don't see it.
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If you thought about that experiment for about five years, that would be about the right amount of time to spend thinking about it.
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Because what it shows you is that you see what you aim at.
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And that - man! - if you can get one thing through your head as a consequence of even being in university THAT would be a good one: You see what you aim at.
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And so, because one inference you might draw from that is: Be careful what you aim at!
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Right? What you aim at determines the way the world manifests itself to you So if the world is manifesting itself in a very negative way one thing to ask is: Are you aiming at the right thing?
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You know I'm not trying to reduce everybody's problems to an improper aim.
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People get cut off at the knees for all sorts of reasons.
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They get sick, they have accidents.
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There's a random element to being, that's for sure, but - You don't want to take anything, even that particular phrase, too far You want to bind it with the fact that random things do happen to people.
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But it's still a great thing to ask.
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本课的词汇与口语要点
这节 C1 级别的口语课以视频“How to Improve Yourself Right NOW (and Why) - Prof. Jordan Peterson”为素材。 这段视频共有 67 个句子、1338 个单词可供跟读。 讲话部分时长为 6:59。 说话人语速较快，每分钟约 191 个词，会出现较多连读和弱读。 88% 的单词属于英语最常用的 3,000 词，其余的词建议在练习前先学一下。
视频中的重点词汇
视频中最难的 15 个单词，附发音和释义：
| 单词 | 发音 | 释义 |
|---|---|---|
| psychotherapy 名词 | /ˌsaɪkoʊˈθɛɹəpi/ | 心理療法 /心理疗法, 心理治療 /心理治疗 |
| manifest 名词 | /ˈmæn.ɪ.fɛst/ | 聲明 /声明, 宣言 |
| rubbish 名词 | /ˈɹʌbɪʃ/ | 胡扯, 瞎掰 |
| organize 动词 | /ˈɔɹɡənaɪz/ | 組織 /组织 |
| arithmetic 名词 | /æɹɪθˈmɛtɪk/ | 算術 /算术 |
| conceive 动词 | /kənˈsiːv/ | 懷孕 /怀孕, 懷 /怀 |
| meditate 动词 | /ˈmɛ.dɪˌteɪt/ | 沉思, 冥想 |
| mutter 动词 | /ˈmʌtə/ | 咕噥 /咕哝 |
| schizophrenic 形容词 | /ˌskɪtsəˈfɹɛnɪk/ | 精神分裂症 |
| stumble 动词 | /ˈstʌmbəl/ | 絆倒 /绊倒, 蹣跚而行 /蹒跚而行 |
| tangle 动词 | /ˈtæŋ.ɡəl/ | 糾結 /纠结 |
| blur 动词 | /blɝ/ | 模糊 |
| humility 名词 | /hjuːˈmɪlɪti/ | 謙卑 /谦卑, 謙遜 /谦逊 |
| gorilla 名词 | /ɡəˈɹɪl.ə/ | 大猩猩 |
| trivial 形容词 | /ˈtɹɪv.i.əl/ | 瑣碎 /琐碎, 瑣細 /琐细 |
视频中出现的短语动词
| 单词 | 释义 |
|---|---|
| figure out 动词 | 弄清楚 |
| get up 动词 | 起床 |
| go through 动词 | 通過 /通过 |
| pop up 动词 | 弹出 |
| sit down 动词 | 坐下, 坐 |
值得反复跟读的句子
视频中简短而完整的句子，可以直接用在日常对话里：
- What could you do to improve yourself?
- Let's say you go into...
- You know - it's a very interesting thing to do.
- That's actually how you see to begin with.
视频中的语法
说话人最常用的结构，并附上视频中的原话：
| 结构 | 视频中的用法 |
|---|---|
| 条件句 if + 从句，will/would + 动词 — 条件及其结果 | if you don't organize yourself properly: you'll pay · if you're in pain you will care |
| 定语从句 who / which + 从句 — 补充说明人或事物 | someone who is · guy who is · aim, which is |
| 现在完成时 have/has + 过去分词 — 过去发生但与现在仍有关联的事 | haven't attended · has been |
需要注意的发音
说话人用了 28 次缩略和弱读形式，例如 don't, you're, you'll。请按听到的简短形式来说。
- “th” 音: psychotherapy /ˌsaɪkoʊˈθɛɹəpi/, arithmetic /æɹɪθˈmɛtɪk/
- “sh” 和 “zh” 音: rubbish /ˈɹʌbɪʃ/, excruciating /ɪkˈskɹuʃi.eɪtɪŋ/
- 长单词——注意重音位置: psychotherapy /ˌsaɪkoʊˈθɛɹəpi/, arithmetic /æɹɪθˈmɛtɪk/, excruciating /ɪkˈskɹuʃi.eɪtɪŋ/, incoherently /ˌɪn.kəˈhɪə.ɹənt.li/, incontrovertible /ˌɪŋ.kɒn.tɹəˈvɜː.təbl̩/
中文母语者容易读错的音：
- /v/ — 不要读成 /w/，上齿轻触下唇: conceive /kənˈsiːv/, incontrovertible /ˌɪŋ.kɒn.tɹəˈvɜː.təbl̩/, trivial /ˈtɹɪv.i.əl/
- 词尾辅音 — 要读清楚，后面不要加元音: manifest /ˈmæn.ɪ.fɛst/, rubbish /ˈɹʌbɪʃ/, organize /ˈɔɹɡənaɪz/, arithmetic /æɹɪθˈmɛtɪk/, conceive /kənˈsiːv/
- /r/ 和 /l/ 的区别: incoherently /ˌɪn.kəˈhɪə.ɹənt.li/, incontrovertible /ˌɪŋ.kɒn.tɹəˈvɜː.təbl̩/, gorilla /ɡəˈɹɪl.ə/, trivial /ˈtɹɪv.i.əl/
如何用这段视频练习
- 先完整听一遍视频，不要开口，记下不认识的单词。
- 先用 0.75 倍速逐句跟读，熟练之后再回到正常速度。
- 录下自己的声音并与原声对比，特别注意 psychotherapy, manifest, rubbish 这类单词。
什么是跟读法？
跟读法 (Shadowing) 是一种有科学依据的语言学习技巧，最初开发用于专业口译员的培训，并由多语言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。这个方法简单而强大：您在听英语母语原声的同时立即大声重复——就像是一个延迟1-2秒紧跟说话者的影子。与被动听力或语法练习不同，跟读法强迫您的大脑和口腔肌肉同时处理并模仿真实的讲话模式。研究表明它能显着提高发音准确性，语调，节奏，连读，听力理解和口语流利度——使其成为雅思口语备考和真实英语交流最有效的方法之一。