シャドーイング練習: Vol 3 - test 10 - section 4 - 動画で英語スピーキングを学ぶ
レッスンを作成中...
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Part 4.
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You will hear part of a talk about recent research into the design of workplaces.
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First, you have some time to look at questions 31 to 40.
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Thank you.
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now listen carefully
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and answer questions 31 to 40 hello everyone I recently completed
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some important research into the way office space is designed
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and its impact on employees the open plan office had been
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the norm for offices around the world I'm I'm sure you can picture one, a big room with maybe 50 or 100 workers sitting at their workstations.
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You might think open plan designs are a recent phenomenon, but they actually came about in the early 20th century,
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when businesses needed large numbers of people to do typing.
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These employees, usually women, used to have to sit in rows working away at their typewriters under the watchful eye of their supervisor.
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Over the years, designers have come up with several variations on the open theme.
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In particular, this has been achieved through furnishings.
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The early designs featured separate desks.
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A subsequent design introduced the concept of the cubicle.
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These can have either high screens that workers can't see over, or a screen just low enough to keep a lookout for the manager.
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And nowadays, with the increase in large call centres, a phenomenon known as hot disking is common in this system
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employees working on different shifts are asked to share the same
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workstation as you can imagine this is not very popular with staff as there is little opportunity to personalize your workspace
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in fact my research shows
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that employees in general dislike the open plan design as a
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part of my research I conducted a survey of the staff
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in several large companies with open plan offices the employees all voiced similar concerns about the design firstly they felt
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that the open plan took away their privacy
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but many also felt the need to carry their valuables with them at all times
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so to some extent they also felt there was less security
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with these designs another common complaint may be something for employers to consider
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when choosing this type of design and this was
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that these types of office space are bad for the health I was intrigued by this possibility
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but looking at staff records it does seem to be borne out
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so if this design is so unpopular why is it
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so commonplace well the answer to that is in the benefits
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that the employers feel this type of design has of course there is the obvious benefit
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that this design significantly reduces costs both in in terms of rent and even in terms of energy use.
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Employers also argue that an open plan design leads to better teamwork and communication.
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They also feel that new staff can learn from observing other workers, so this design can actually help in training staff.
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However, the complaints voiced by employees seem to suggest that the disadvantages far outweigh the advantages.
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The reality is that unhappy workers are unlikely to work well together,
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and there is plenty of evidence to suggest workers are frequently distracted from their work by the noise
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that is all around them.
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What is clear is that, as designers, we need to think carefully about the impact
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that our design has both on the staff involved and the work that they do.
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That is the end of part four.
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You now have one minute to check your answers to part four.
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Thank you.
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Thank you.
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Thank you.
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このレッスンの語彙とスピーキングのポイント
このB2レベルのスピーキングレッスンは、動画「Vol 3 - test 10 - section 4」を教材にしています。 繰り返し出てくる語は次のとおりです：design, employees, staff, workers, employers。 この動画には、シャドーイング用の文が48文、単語が581語あります。 音声の長さは6:19です。 話す速さはゆっくりで、1分あたり約92語です。一つ一つの音をまねる余裕があります。 単語の87%は英語の頻出3,000語に含まれるため、語彙は分かりやすいです。
この動画の重要語彙
動画の中で特に難しい単語15語を、発音と意味つきで紹介します。
| 単語 | 発音 | 意味 |
|---|---|---|
| workstation 名詞 | /ˈwɝkˌsteɪʃən/ | ワークステーション |
| phenomenon 名詞 | /fəˈnɒm.ɪ.nən/ | 現象 |
| commonplace 形容詞 | /ˈkɑmənˌpleɪs/ | ありきたりの, ありふれた |
| cubicle 名詞 | /ˈkjuːbɪkəl/ | 個室 |
| intrigue 名詞 | /ˈɪntɹiːɡ/ | 陰謀 |
| outweigh 動詞 | /ˌaʊtˈweɪ/ | 上回る |
| teamwork 名詞 | チームワーク | |
| typewriter 名詞 | [ˈtaɪpˌɹaɪtə(ɹ)] | タイプライター, 印字機 |
| watchful 形容詞 | /ˈwɔt͡ʃ.fəl/ | 注意深い |
| workspace 名詞 | /ˈwɝkˌspeɪs/ | ワークスペース |
| distract 動詞 | /dɪˈstɹækt/ | 気をそらす |
| disadvantage 名詞 | /ˌdɪsədˈvæntɪd͡ʒ/ | 不利 |
| unpopular 形容詞 | 不評 | |
| firstly 副詞 | /ˈfɜɹstli/ | 先ず, 第一に |
| dislike 動詞 | /dɪsˈlaɪk/ | 嫌う, 厭う |
この動画の文法
話し手がよく使っている文型を、動画の実際の表現とともに紹介します。
| 文型 | 動画での表現 |
|---|---|
| 受動態 be + 過去分詞 — 誰がするかより、何が起きるかに焦点を当てる | is designed · has been achieved · are asked |
| 現在完了形 have/has + 過去分詞 — 過去の出来事が今も関係している | have come · has been achieved |
注意したい発音
話し手はI'm, can'tなど、短縮形や弱形を3回使っています。聞こえたとおりの短い形で発音しましょう。
- 「sh」と「zh」の音: workstation /ˈwɝkˌsteɪʃən/, variation /ˌvɛəɹiˈeɪʃn̩/
- 長い単語（アクセントの位置に注意）: phenomenon /fəˈnɒm.ɪ.nən/, personalize /ˈpɜː.sə.nə.laɪz/, disadvantage /ˌdɪsədˈvæntɪd͡ʒ/, supervisor /ˈsupɚˌvaɪzɚ/
この動画での練習方法
- まず声を出さずに動画を最後まで聞き、知らない単語をメモします。
- 通常の速度で一文ずつシャドーイングし、話し手のリズムに合うまで繰り返します。
- 自分の声を録音して元の音声と比べます。workstation, phenomenon, commonplaceなどの単語に特に注意しましょう。
シャドーイングとは？英語上達に効果的な理由
シャドーイング（Shadowing）は、もともとプロの通訳者養成プログラムで開発された言語学習法で、多言語習得者として知られるDr. Alexander Arguelles によって広く普及されました。方法はシンプルですが非常に効果的：ネイティブスピーカーの英語を聞きながら、1〜2秒の遅延で声に出してすぐに繰り返す——まるで「影（shadow）」のように話者を追いかけます。文法ドリルや受動的なリスニングと異なり、シャドーイングは脳と口の筋肉が同時にリアルタイムで英語を処理・再現することを強制します。研究により、発音精度、抑揚、リズム、連音、リスニング力、そして会話の流暢さが大幅に向上することが確認されています。IELTSスピーキング対策や自然な英語コミュニケーションを目指す方に特におすすめです。