跟读练习: Vol 3 - test 10 - section 4 - 通过视频学习英语口语
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Part 4.
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You will hear part of a talk about recent research into the design of workplaces.
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First, you have some time to look at questions 31 to 40.
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Thank you.
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now listen carefully
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and answer questions 31 to 40 hello everyone I recently completed
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some important research into the way office space is designed
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and its impact on employees the open plan office had been
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the norm for offices around the world I'm I'm sure you can picture one, a big room with maybe 50 or 100 workers sitting at their workstations.
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You might think open plan designs are a recent phenomenon, but they actually came about in the early 20th century,
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when businesses needed large numbers of people to do typing.
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These employees, usually women, used to have to sit in rows working away at their typewriters under the watchful eye of their supervisor.
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Over the years, designers have come up with several variations on the open theme.
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In particular, this has been achieved through furnishings.
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The early designs featured separate desks.
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A subsequent design introduced the concept of the cubicle.
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These can have either high screens that workers can't see over, or a screen just low enough to keep a lookout for the manager.
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And nowadays, with the increase in large call centres, a phenomenon known as hot disking is common in this system
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employees working on different shifts are asked to share the same
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workstation as you can imagine this is not very popular with staff as there is little opportunity to personalize your workspace
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in fact my research shows
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that employees in general dislike the open plan design as a
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part of my research I conducted a survey of the staff
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in several large companies with open plan offices the employees all voiced similar concerns about the design firstly they felt
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that the open plan took away their privacy
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but many also felt the need to carry their valuables with them at all times
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so to some extent they also felt there was less security
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with these designs another common complaint may be something for employers to consider
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when choosing this type of design and this was
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that these types of office space are bad for the health I was intrigued by this possibility
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but looking at staff records it does seem to be borne out
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so if this design is so unpopular why is it
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so commonplace well the answer to that is in the benefits
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that the employers feel this type of design has of course there is the obvious benefit
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that this design significantly reduces costs both in in terms of rent and even in terms of energy use.
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Employers also argue that an open plan design leads to better teamwork and communication.
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They also feel that new staff can learn from observing other workers, so this design can actually help in training staff.
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However, the complaints voiced by employees seem to suggest that the disadvantages far outweigh the advantages.
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The reality is that unhappy workers are unlikely to work well together,
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and there is plenty of evidence to suggest workers are frequently distracted from their work by the noise
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that is all around them.
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What is clear is that, as designers, we need to think carefully about the impact
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that our design has both on the staff involved and the work that they do.
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That is the end of part four.
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You now have one minute to check your answers to part four.
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Thank you.
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Thank you.
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Thank you.
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本课的词汇与口语要点
这节 B2 级别的口语课以视频“Vol 3 - test 10 - section 4”为素材。 视频中反复出现的词有：design, employees, staff, workers, employers。 这段视频共有 48 个句子、581 个单词可供跟读。 讲话部分时长为 6:19。 说话人语速较慢，每分钟约 92 个词，你有足够的时间模仿每一个音。 87% 的单词属于英语最常用的 3,000 词，词汇容易理解。
视频中的重点词汇
视频中最难的 15 个单词，附发音和释义：
| 单词 | 发音 | 释义 |
|---|---|---|
| workstation 名词 | /ˈwɝkˌsteɪʃən/ | 工作站 |
| phenomenon 名词 | /fəˈnɒm.ɪ.nən/ | 現象 /现象 |
| commonplace 形容词 | /ˈkɑmənˌpleɪs/ | 尋常 /寻常, 平凡 |
| cubicle 名词 | /ˈkjuːbɪkəl/ | 斗室, 斗居 |
| intrigue 名词 | /ˈɪntɹiːɡ/ | 密謀 /密谋, 陰謀 /阴谋 |
| personalize 动词 | /ˈpɜː.sə.nə.laɪz/ | 個性化 /个性化 |
| teamwork 名词 | 團隊合作 /团队合作, 全隊合作 /全队合作 | |
| typewriter 名词 | [ˈtaɪpˌɹaɪtə(ɹ)] | 打字機 /打字机 |
| distract 动词 | /dɪˈstɹækt/ | 分心 |
| disadvantage 名词 | /ˌdɪsədˈvæntɪd͡ʒ/ | 不利 |
| unpopular 形容词 | 不得人心 | |
| firstly 副词 | /ˈfɜɹstli/ | 第一, 首先 |
| dislike 动词 | /dɪsˈlaɪk/ | 不喜愛 /不喜爱, 不喜歡 /不喜欢 |
| norm 名词 | /nɔːm/ | 常態 /常态, 規範 /规范 |
| supervisor 名词 | /ˈsupɚˌvaɪzɚ/ | 監督者 /监督者, 管理者 |
视频中出现的短语动词
| 单词 | 释义 |
|---|---|
| come up with 动词 | 想出, 提出 |
视频中的语法
说话人最常用的结构，并附上视频中的原话：
| 结构 | 视频中的用法 |
|---|---|
| 被动语态 be + 过去分词 — 强调发生了什么，而不是谁做的 | is designed · has been achieved · are asked |
| 现在完成时 have/has + 过去分词 — 过去发生但与现在仍有关联的事 | have come · has been achieved |
需要注意的发音
说话人用了 3 次缩略和弱读形式，例如 I'm, can't。请按听到的简短形式来说。
- “sh” 和 “zh” 音: workstation /ˈwɝkˌsteɪʃən/, variation /ˌvɛəɹiˈeɪʃn̩/
- 长单词——注意重音位置: phenomenon /fəˈnɒm.ɪ.nən/, personalize /ˈpɜː.sə.nə.laɪz/, disadvantage /ˌdɪsədˈvæntɪd͡ʒ/, supervisor /ˈsupɚˌvaɪzɚ/
如何用这段视频练习
- 先完整听一遍视频，不要开口，记下不认识的单词。
- 用正常速度逐句跟读，每句重复到你的节奏与说话人一致为止。
- 录下自己的声音并与原声对比，特别注意 workstation, phenomenon, commonplace 这类单词。
什么是跟读法？
跟读法 (Shadowing) 是一种有科学依据的语言学习技巧，最初开发用于专业口译员的培训，并由多语言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。这个方法简单而强大：您在听英语母语原声的同时立即大声重复——就像是一个延迟1-2秒紧跟说话者的影子。与被动听力或语法练习不同，跟读法强迫您的大脑和口腔肌肉同时处理并模仿真实的讲话模式。研究表明它能显着提高发音准确性，语调，节奏，连读，听力理解和口语流利度——使其成为雅思口语备考和真实英语交流最有效的方法之一。