シャドーイング練習: What does Visa do? The answer might surprise you - 動画で英語スピーキングを学ぶ
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46 文
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Almost everyone knows the Visa brand.
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One of the most trusted and recognizable in the world.
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But not everyone knows what Visa does.
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A credit card company.
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Not a credit card company.
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Is it a bank company?
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Nope.
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They loan money.
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Try again.
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They lend the money to you and then they charge your bank account later.
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Sorry.
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I have no idea.
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Oh!
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Can I have a clue?
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Visa is a payments technology company that facilitates commerce around the world.
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Whether you are making a purchase, sending money to a friend, or part of a business moving money to another business.
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Visa pioneered the electronic payments business more than 60 years ago, envisioning a world in which paying for something could be translated into electrons
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and photons that move across the globe at the speed of light.
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The consumer may access an infinite range of goods and services whenever he chooses, he chooses, wherever he may be.
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Today, there are more than 3 billion Visa accounts around the world, in more than 200 countries and territories.
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During fiscal year 2019, more than 200 billion payments in cash transactions were made with the Visa brand,
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representing more than 11 trillion in payments and cash volume, from the largest cities to remote communities across the globe.
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Each transaction made on the Visa network represents a packet of data that moves across a massive telecommunications network, more than 10 million miles in length end to end.
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The network is made up of fiber, ethernet, wireless, satellite, and virtual connections,
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linking consumers, businesses, governments, and financial institutions.
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The journey of each transaction starts with you.
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When you click, swipe, dip, or tap to pay, data about the transaction travels from the store owner to their bank or processor,
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which captures the information and sends it to Visanet.
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Visanet uses artificial intelligence technology to analyze every aspect of the transaction to determine the level of risk for fraud.
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VisaNet routes the information to the bank that issued the customer's credit or debit account.
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The bank decides whether to approve or decline the transaction based on Visa's risk score and its own data about the account.
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Traveling back through VisaNet, the approved request returns to the store owner, where where the transaction is completed.
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Later on, Visa makes sure the money is transferred.
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This authorization all happens in less than one second, whether you're in Miami, Madrid, or Mumbai.
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Making sure that every transaction flows instantly are several global data centers synchronized in real time
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so that if one system experiences issues, another picks up.
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Software developers and other partners can use Visa's developer tools to build innovative ways to pay.
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As a payments leader, Visa is extending the boundaries of our network and the potential of billions of connected devices,
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bringing the security and reliability of our brand to customers across the entire payments ecosystem.
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Digital commerce can extend to even the most remote regions, where people who don't typically bank can access the benefits of mobile technology.
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Despite the growth of digital payments, about 1.7 billion people still lack access to formal financial services,
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and consumers spend nearly $17 trillion in cash and checks.
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Meeting this opportunity is the mission of Visa's more than 19,000
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employees committed to accelerating the global migration to digital payments to enable individuals, businesses, and economies to thrive.
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You might not know what Visa does because the inner workings of our network are not visible when you're making a payment, and they shouldn't be.
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Speed, security, and convenience are what drive our business, so you can get on with yours, no matter how, when, and where you choose to pay.
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このレッスンの語彙とスピーキングのポイント
この動画には、シャドーイング用の文が46文、単語が601語あります。 音声の長さは4:02です。 話す速さは1分あたり約149語で安定しており、シャドーイングしやすいペースです。 英語の頻出3,000語に含まれる単語は78%だけなので、語彙は難しめです。
この動画の重要語彙
動画に出てくるやや難しい単語15語を、発音と意味つきで紹介します。
- transaction /tɹænˈzækʃən/ (名詞) — 処理. The act of conducting or carrying out (business, negotiations, plans).
- remote /ɹəˈməʊt̞/ (形容詞) — 遠い, 遠隔な. At a distance; disconnected.
- commerce /ˈkɑ.mɚs/ (名詞) — 貿易, 交易. The exchange or buying and selling of commodities; especially the exchange of merchandise, on a large scale, between different places or communities; extended…
- globe /ɡloʊb/ (名詞) — グローブ, 地球儀. The eyeball.
- approve /əˈpɹuːv/ (動詞) — 承認する, 賛成する. To officially sanction; to ratify; to confirm; to set as satisfactory.
- formal /ˈfɔɹməl/ (形容詞) — 正式, 公式. In accordance with established forms.
- capture /ˈkæp.(t)ʃɚ/ (動詞) — 捕獲する. To take control of; to seize by force or stratagem.
- aspect /ˈæspɛkt/ (名詞) — 様相. Any specific feature, part, or element of something.
- institution /ˌɪn.stɪˈtʃuː.ʃən/ (名詞) — 制度. A long-established organization or type of organization, particularly one involved with education, public service, or charity work.
- visible /ˈvɪzɪb(ə)l/ (形容詞) — 見える, 目に見える. Able to be seen.
- connect /kəˈnɛkt/ (動詞) — 繋げる. To join (to another object): to attach, or to be intended to attach or capable of attaching, to another object.
- fraud /ˈfɹɔːd/ (名詞) — 詐欺. The crime of stealing or otherwise illegally obtaining money by use of deception tactics.
- commit /kəˈmɪt/ (動詞) — 預ける, 任せる. To give in trust; to put into charge or keeping; to entrust; to consign; used with to or formerly unto.
- satellite /ˈsætəlaɪ̯t/ (名詞) — 衛星. A moon or other smaller body orbiting a larger one.
- virtual /ˈvɜɹt͡ʃuəl/ (形容詞) — 事実上の. In effect or essence, rather than in fact or reality; also, imitated, simulated.
動画に出てくる句動詞
- pick up (動詞) — 拾う, 拾い上げる. To lift; to grasp and raise.
注意したい発音
話し手はyou're, don't, shouldn'tなど、短縮形や弱形を4回使っています。聞こえたとおりの短い形で発音しましょう。
- 「th」の音: authorization /ˌɔːθəɹaɪˈzeɪʃən/, thrive /θɹajv/
- 「sh」と「zh」の音: transaction /tɹænˈzækʃən/, capture /ˈkæp.(t)ʃɚ/, institution /ˌɪn.stɪˈtʃuː.ʃən/, artificial /ˌɑː.tɪˈfɪʃ.əl/, migration /maɪˈɡɹeɪʃ(ə)n/
- 長い単語（アクセントの位置に注意）: developer /dɪˈvɛləpɚ/, institution /ˌɪn.stɪˈtʃuː.ʃən/, artificial /ˌɑː.tɪˈfɪʃ.əl/, innovative /ˈɪn.əˌveɪtɪv/, facilitate /fəˈsɪlɪteɪt/
この動画での練習方法
- まず声を出さずに動画を最後まで聞き、知らない単語をメモします。
- 通常の速度で一文ずつシャドーイングし、話し手のリズムに合うまで繰り返します。
- 自分の声を録音して元の音声と比べます。transaction, remote, commerceなどの単語に特に注意しましょう。
シャドーイングとは？英語上達に効果的な理由
シャドーイング（Shadowing）は、もともとプロの通訳者養成プログラムで開発された言語学習法で、多言語習得者として知られるDr. Alexander Arguelles によって広く普及されました。方法はシンプルですが非常に効果的：ネイティブスピーカーの英語を聞きながら、1〜2秒の遅延で声に出してすぐに繰り返す——まるで「影（shadow）」のように話者を追いかけます。文法ドリルや受動的なリスニングと異なり、シャドーイングは脳と口の筋肉が同時にリアルタイムで英語を処理・再現することを強制します。研究により、発音精度、抑揚、リズム、連音、リスニング力、そして会話の流暢さが大幅に向上することが確認されています。IELTSスピーキング対策や自然な英語コミュニケーションを目指す方に特におすすめです。