シャドーイング練習: What is Climate Adaptation, Mitigation & Resilience? | Climate Vocabulary | The Climate Explainers - 動画で英語スピーキングを学ぶ

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Hi, this series is a bit like the ABCD of climate change and today I'm explaining A, R and M.

These three words, climate adaptation, climate resilience and climate mitigation are everywhere.

They are crucial to climate discussions but they can also be a bit of a jargon.

So in this episode of The Climate Explainers,

I, Anubha Bhusle and Pallavi Prasad are simplifying climate adaptation, resilience and mitigation.

So let's get started.

Imagine you're on a boat.

It has a big leak.

You've got to act so that water stops gushing in, causing the boat to sink.

Now, the first thing you might do is grab a bucket

and start taking out water as it gushes into the hull or the main part of the boat.

This response is adaptation, that is addressing the immediate effect that is water in the boat.

Now in the context of climate change,

adaptation is the process of adjusting to actual or expected effects of climate change.

It's doing what we can to live with

and minimize the negative impacts of climate change that are already happening as well as prepare for the future.

Now, this can look like building seawalls and other flood defences.

It can look like moving people and economic activities away from areas that are prone to flooding,

planting trees in cities to reduce extreme heat, setting up early warning systems for cyclones,

switching to drought -resistant crops, strengthening our electric grids, our roads and bridges with better materials

and design so that they can withstand extreme weather events like storms.

It can also look like redesigning communication systems, business operations and government policies.

Now if adaptation is about bailing water from our sinking boat,

think of resilience as reinforcing the parts of the boat that haven't yet been breached or weakened because of the water.

So that if or when the water gushing in hits those parts, the impact is reduced and we can recover faster.

In the context of climate change, this refers to innovations and planning so that communities can bounce back quickly from disruptions when they are hit.

Resilience can look like mass flood insurance, allocating resources to disaster preparedness such as emergency response training,

stockpiling essential supplies and establishing temporary shelters,

building strong community networks that can provide assistance during and after climate related events,

diversifying livelihoods to be less dependent on a single sector or activity that may be hit by climate change,

or protecting and restoring natural ecosystems like forests and wetlands that can provide natural buffers.

So in one line, climate resilience means better, more durable, climate -proof systems. Of course,

adaptation and resilience need to go hand -in -hand with mitigation to tackle the root cause of climate change

that is our global heat -trapping emissions,

which is to say that if we want our boat to stop taking on more water sooner rather than later, we'll have to patch those leaks.

Now, in the context of climate change, mitigation means reducing or slowing down the release of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere.

We can do this by shutting down coal and gas plants, using renewable energy sources like solar and wind power,

being much more efficient with energy and using less oil,

using public transportation and planting more trees to remove carbon from the air.

All things we have talked about in previous episodes of The Climate Explainers.

But there's an important nuance here that I want to point out.

Effects of mitigation take time to show.

So even if we take very strong action to reduce emissions today,

the greenhouse gases that are already in the atmosphere will continue to cause global warming

and climate change for many years to come, which is why climate adaptation and resilience are as vital,

particularly for the global south.

I'm going to urge you to see this episode that's flashing on your screens right now.

If you haven't, it actually explains why the global south is impacted disproportionately.

I'm going to stop here for today.

I hope the ABCD of climate change is becoming clearer.

as we are progressing in this series.

Remember, you can give us a shout out, share this video, and let's all talk about it.

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このレッスンの語彙とスピーキングのポイント

このスピーキングレッスンは、動画「What is Climate Adaptation, Mitigation & Resilience?」を教材にしています。繰り返し出てくる語は次のとおりです：climate, resilience, adaptation, boat, mitigation。この動画には、シャドーイング用の文が52文、単語が708語あります。音声の長さは5:11です。話す速さは1分あたり約136語で安定しており、シャドーイングしやすいペースです。英語の頻出3,000語に含まれる単語は80%だけなので、語彙は難しめです。

この動画の重要語彙

動画に出てくる覚えておきたい単語15語を、発音と意味つきで紹介します。

単語	発音	意味
flood 名詞	/flʌd/	洪水, 大水
atmosphere 名詞	/ˈætməsˌfɪɹ/	大気, 大気圏
sink 動詞	/ˈsɪŋk/	沈む
leak 名詞	/liːk/	漏れ口
greenhouse 名詞	/ˈɡɹːnˌ(h)aʊs/	温室, ハウス
temporary 形容詞	/ˈtɛmp(əˌɹ)ɛɹi/	暫くの, 暫時の
refer 動詞	/ɹɪˈfɜː/	問い合わせる
disaster 名詞	/dɪˈzɑːs.təː/	災害, 天災
resource 名詞	/ɹɪˈzɔːs/	資源, 資産
trap 名詞	/tɹæp/	罠
innovation 名詞	/ˌɪn.əˈveɪ.ʃən/	イノベーション, 革新
dependent 形容詞	/dɪˈpɛndənt/	次第, 依存する
shelter 名詞	/ˈʃɛltə/	避難所
grid 名詞	/ɡɹɪd/	格子, グリッド
restore 動詞	/ɹɪˈstoɹ/	立て直す, 再建する

動画に出てくる句動詞

単語	意味
point out 動詞	指す, 指し示す
shut down 動詞	シャットダウン
slow down 動詞	遅らせる
take out 動詞	取り出す

注意したい発音

話し手はI'm, haven't, we'llなど、短縮形や弱形を8回使っています。聞こえたとおりの短い形で発音しましょう。

「th」の音: strengthen /ˈstɹɛŋ(k)θən/, withstand /wɪðˈstænd/
「sh」と「zh」の音: adaptation /ˌæd.æpˈteɪ.ʃən/, emission /ɪˈmɪʃ.ən/, establish /ɪˈstæb.lɪʃ/, flash /flæʃ/, efficient /ɪˈfɪʃənt/
長い単語（アクセントの位置に注意）: adaptation /ˌæd.æpˈteɪ.ʃən/, resilience /ɹɪˈzɪl.ɪ.əns/, temporary /ˈtɛmp(əˌɹ)ɛɹi/, innovation /ˌɪn.əˈveɪ.ʃən/, ecosystem /ˈikoʊˌsɪstəm/

日本語話者が苦手な音：

/r/ と /l/ の区別 — /l/ は舌先を歯茎につけ、/r/ はどこにもつけない: resilience /ɹɪˈzɪl.ɪ.əns/, crucial /ˈkɹuː.ʃəl/, renewable /ɹɪˈnu.ə.bl̩/, durable /ˈdʊɹəbəl/, disproportionately /ˈdɪs.pɹəˌpɔɹ.ʃən.ət.li/
/v/ — /b/ にならないように、上の歯を下唇に当てる: vital /ˈvaɪtəl/, innovation /ˌɪn.əˈveɪ.ʃən/, recover /ɹɪˈkʌvɚ/, diversify /daɪˈvɝ.sə.faɪ/, livelihood /ˈlaɪvlihʊd/
/f/ — 「フ」ではなく、上の歯と下唇で出す: flood /flʌd/, atmosphere /ˈætməsˌfɪɹ/, flash /flæʃ/, refer /ɹɪˈfɜː/, efficient /ɪˈfɪʃənt/

この動画での練習方法

まず声を出さずに動画を最後まで聞き、知らない単語をメモします。
通常の速度で一文ずつシャドーイングし、話し手のリズムに合うまで繰り返します。
自分の声を録音して元の音声と比べます。flood, atmosphere, sinkなどの単語に特に注意しましょう。

シャドーイングとは？英語上達に効果的な理由

シャドーイング（Shadowing）は、もともとプロの通訳者養成プログラムで開発された言語学習法で、多言語習得者として知られるDr. Alexander Arguelles によって広く普及されました。方法はシンプルですが非常に効果的：ネイティブスピーカーの英語を聞きながら、1〜2秒の遅延で声に出してすぐに繰り返す——まるで「影（shadow）」のように話者を追いかけます。文法ドリルや受動的なリスニングと異なり、シャドーイングは脳と口の筋肉が同時にリアルタイムで英語を処理・再現することを強制します。研究により、発音精度、抑揚、リズム、連音、リスニング力、そして会話の流暢さが大幅に向上することが確認されています。IELTSスピーキング対策や自然な英語コミュニケーションを目指す方に特におすすめです。

シャドーイングのやり方: ステップ別の完全ガイドを読む →

シャドーイング練習: What is Climate Adaptation, Mitigation & Resilience? | Climate Vocabulary | The Climate Explainers - 動画で英語スピーキングを学ぶ

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