Prática de Shadowing: What is Climate Adaptation, Mitigation & Resilience? | Climate Vocabulary | The Climate Explainers - Aprenda a falar inglês com vídeo
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Hi, this series is a bit like the ABCD of climate change and today I'm explaining A, R and M.
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These three words, climate adaptation, climate resilience and climate mitigation are everywhere.
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They are crucial to climate discussions but they can also be a bit of a jargon.
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So in this episode of The Climate Explainers,
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I, Anubha Bhusle and Pallavi Prasad are simplifying climate adaptation, resilience and mitigation.
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So let's get started.
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Imagine you're on a boat.
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It has a big leak.
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You've got to act so that water stops gushing in, causing the boat to sink.
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Now, the first thing you might do is grab a bucket
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and start taking out water as it gushes into the hull or the main part of the boat.
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This response is adaptation, that is addressing the immediate effect that is water in the boat.
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Now in the context of climate change,
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adaptation is the process of adjusting to actual or expected effects of climate change.
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It's doing what we can to live with
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and minimize the negative impacts of climate change that are already happening as well as prepare for the future.
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Now, this can look like building seawalls and other flood defences.
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It can look like moving people and economic activities away from areas that are prone to flooding,
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planting trees in cities to reduce extreme heat, setting up early warning systems for cyclones,
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switching to drought -resistant crops, strengthening our electric grids, our roads and bridges with better materials
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and design so that they can withstand extreme weather events like storms.
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It can also look like redesigning communication systems, business operations and government policies.
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Now if adaptation is about bailing water from our sinking boat,
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think of resilience as reinforcing the parts of the boat that haven't yet been breached or weakened because of the water.
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So that if or when the water gushing in hits those parts, the impact is reduced and we can recover faster.
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In the context of climate change, this refers to innovations and planning so that communities can bounce back quickly from disruptions when they are hit.
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Resilience can look like mass flood insurance, allocating resources to disaster preparedness such as emergency response training,
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stockpiling essential supplies and establishing temporary shelters,
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building strong community networks that can provide assistance during and after climate related events,
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diversifying livelihoods to be less dependent on a single sector or activity that may be hit by climate change,
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or protecting and restoring natural ecosystems like forests and wetlands that can provide natural buffers.
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So in one line, climate resilience means better, more durable, climate -proof systems. Of course,
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adaptation and resilience need to go hand -in -hand with mitigation to tackle the root cause of climate change
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that is our global heat -trapping emissions,
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which is to say that if we want our boat to stop taking on more water sooner rather than later, we'll have to patch those leaks.
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Now, in the context of climate change, mitigation means reducing or slowing down the release of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere.
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We can do this by shutting down coal and gas plants, using renewable energy sources like solar and wind power,
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being much more efficient with energy and using less oil,
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using public transportation and planting more trees to remove carbon from the air.
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All things we have talked about in previous episodes of The Climate Explainers.
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But there's an important nuance here that I want to point out.
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Effects of mitigation take time to show.
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So even if we take very strong action to reduce emissions today,
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the greenhouse gases that are already in the atmosphere will continue to cause global warming
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and climate change for many years to come, which is why climate adaptation and resilience are as vital,
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particularly for the global south.
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I'm going to urge you to see this episode that's flashing on your screens right now.
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If you haven't, it actually explains why the global south is impacted disproportionately.
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I'm going to stop here for today.
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I hope the ABCD of climate change is becoming clearer.
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as we are progressing in this series.
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Remember, you can give us a shout out, share this video, and let's all talk about it.
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Vocabulário e dicas de fala para esta lição
Esta aula de conversação usa o vídeo “What is Climate Adaptation, Mitigation & Resilience?”. As palavras que mais se repetem: climate, resilience, adaptation, boat, mitigation. Este vídeo tem 52 frases e 708 palavras para praticar shadowing. A fala dura 5:11. O falante mantém um ritmo estável de cerca de 136 palavras por minuto, confortável para o shadowing. Apenas 80% das palavras estão entre as 3.000 mais comuns do inglês, por isso o vocabulário é exigente.
Vocabulário principal deste vídeo
15 palavras do vídeo que vale a pena aprender, com pronúncia e significado:
| Palavra | Pronúncia | Significado |
|---|---|---|
| resilience substantivo | /ɹɪˈzɪl.ɪ.əns/ | resiliência |
| flood substantivo | /flʌd/ | cheia, enchente |
| atmosphere substantivo | /ˈætməsˌfɪɹ/ | atmosfera |
| sink verbo | /ˈsɪŋk/ | afundar, submergir |
| leak substantivo | /liːk/ | vazamento, fuga |
| greenhouse substantivo | /ˈɡɹːnˌ(h)aʊs/ | viveiro, estufa |
| emission substantivo | /ɪˈmɪʃ.ən/ | emissão |
| temporary adjetivo | /ˈtɛmp(əˌɹ)ɛɹi/ | temporário |
| establish verbo | /ɪˈstæb.lɪʃ/ | firmar, instaurar |
| flash verbo | /flæʃ/ | lampejar |
| refer verbo | /ɹɪˈfɜː/ | encaminhar |
| efficient adjetivo | /ɪˈfɪʃənt/ | eficiente |
| disaster substantivo | /dɪˈzɑːs.təː/ | desastre |
| resource substantivo | /ɹɪˈzɔːs/ | recurso, expediente |
| vital adjetivo | /ˈvaɪtəl/ | vital |
Phrasal verbs que você vai ouvir
| Palavra | Pronúncia | Significado |
|---|---|---|
| point out verbo | apontar | |
| set up verbo | /ˌsɛt ˈʌp/ | preparar |
| shut down verbo | apagar, encerrar | |
| slow down verbo | desacelerar | |
| take out verbo | tirar, remover |
Pronúncia para ficar de olho
O falante usa 8 contrações e formas reduzidas, como I'm, haven't, we'll. Diga-as na forma curta, do jeito que você ouve.
- Os sons de “th”: strengthen /ˈstɹɛŋ(k)θən/, withstand /wɪðˈstænd/
- Os sons de “sh” e “zh”: adaptation /ˌæd.æpˈteɪ.ʃən/, emission /ɪˈmɪʃ.ən/, establish /ɪˈstæb.lɪʃ/, flash /flæʃ/, efficient /ɪˈfɪʃənt/
- Palavras longas — acerte a sílaba tônica: adaptation /ˌæd.æpˈteɪ.ʃən/, resilience /ɹɪˈzɪl.ɪ.əns/, temporary /ˈtɛmp(əˌɹ)ɛɹi/, innovation /ˌɪn.əˈveɪ.ʃən/, ecosystem /ˈikoʊˌsɪstəm/
Sons difíceis para falantes de português:
- Consoante final — sem acrescentar um “i” depois: flood /flʌd/, sink /ˈsɪŋk/, leak /liːk/, efficient /ɪˈfɪʃənt/, trap /tɹæp/
- /l/ final — a língua toca o céu da boca, não vira “u”: vital /ˈvaɪtəl/, crucial /ˈkɹuː.ʃəl/, tackle /ˈtækəl/, hull /hʌl/, bail /beɪl/
- /h/ — um sopro suave, diferente do “r”: greenhouse /ˈɡɹːnˌ(h)aʊs/, hull /hʌl/, livelihood /ˈlaɪvlihʊd/
Como praticar com este vídeo
- Ouça o vídeo inteiro uma vez sem falar e anote as palavras que você não conhece.
- Faça shadowing frase por frase na velocidade normal, repetindo cada uma até o seu ritmo ficar igual ao do falante.
- Grave a sua voz e compare com o original, prestando atenção a palavras como resilience, flood, atmosphere.
O que é a Técnica de Shadowing?
Shadowing é uma técnica de aprendizado de idiomas com base científica, originalmente desenvolvida para o treinamento de intérpretes profissionais. O método é simples, mas poderoso: você ouve áudio em inglês nativo e repete imediatamente em voz alta — como uma sombra seguindo o falante com 1-2 segundos de atraso. Pesquisas mostram melhora significativa na precisão da pronúncia, entonação, ritmo, sons conectados, compreensão auditiva e fluência na fala.