シャドーイング練習: What is intonation in English? How many types does it have? - 動画で英語スピーキングを学ぶ
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If you want to improve your English pronunciation, sound more like a native speaker and make yourself understood better,
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then you have to learn about intonation.
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Hello, I'm Matty from POC English
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and in this lesson we are going to talk about intonation in English pronunciation intonation before we start
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if you want to receive the lesson summary of this video
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and my future videos in a single pdf file whenever i
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post a new video on youtube you can simply give me your email address
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but how click on the link above my head go to my website enter your email address
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and click subscribe you will receive my lesson summaries for free in the form of a pdf file
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so what is intonation to put it simply intonation is the melody of spoken english it is the way in
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which your voice rises
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and falls as you speak let me show you an example
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i am watching this video to improve my english i am
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watching this video to improve my english see now why does intonation matter.
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Intonation is not just to add beauty to your speech.
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It can change the meaning of what you say.
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For one thing, intonation can highlight the central point in a sentence.
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Rising the intonation on a certain word in a sentence can show
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that that word is the center of the message that you want to deliver with that sentence.
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For example, I like to play tennis.
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I like to play tennis.
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I like to play tennis.
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I like to play tennis.
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If I say that I like to play tennis, it means that it's me who wants to play tennis, not you, not him, not her.
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If I say I like to play tennis it means i
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like it i don't hate it the central point is like
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if i say i like to play tennis it means
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that i want to play it i don't want to watch it and
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if i say i like to play tennis it means i
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like to play tennis i don't want to play soccer as
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you can see the same sentence could have four different meanings
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just by raising my tone of voice on a specific word in
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that sentence for another thing intonation can show attitude it can reflect the attitude of the speaker for example
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if you are happy you tend to raise your voice and if you are sad you lower it
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let me give you an example
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if i am happy i would say i want to play tennis if i am sad i would say
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I want to play tennis.
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You see?
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So the intonation and the loudness of my voice can show the attitude, even though my face does not change.
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I want to play tennis.
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I want to play tennis.
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Now, if you add intonation to some facial expressions, then you can deliver a very concise message i want to
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play tennis i want to play tennis now let's learn about intonation patterns
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there are three main intonation patterns look at this example do you like tennis
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i don't play tennis but i like it one more time do you like tennis do you like tennis
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I don't play tennis.
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I don't play tennis, but I like it.
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I like it.
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In this sentence, you can see three different intonation patterns.
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The first one is a rising intonation.
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Do you like tennis?
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Tennis.
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Tennis.
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Repeat after me.
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Tennis.
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So your voice rises.
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Do you like tennis? the second one is a fall rise intonation
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which means first your voice falls
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and then it rises I don't play tennis repeat after me I don't play tennis I don't play tennis
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and the third one is falling intonation
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which means your tone of voice falls down
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but I like it I like it I like it I don't say I like it no I like it
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so let's read the sentence again repeat after me do you like tennis I don't play tennis
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but I like it now it is time to learn more about these patterns
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and see when to use which one of them.
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in order to improve your pronunciation and speak more clearly.
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The first pattern is falling intonation.
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Falling intonation.
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We use it when we are talking about something which will definitely happen or that is complete.
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So use it when you are certain of something.
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Let's have a look at some examples.
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I have to work.
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I have to work.
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Repeat after me and notice that the last word has a falling intonation.
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It means my voice comes down.
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I have to work.
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This is for sure.
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I'm certain of it.
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I have to work.
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I have to work.
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Let's see another example.
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Here's your book.
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Here's your book.
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Pay attention.
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Here's your book.
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I couldn't find it.
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I couldn't find it.
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I couldn't find it.
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I finished my homework.
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I finished my homework.
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I finished my homework.
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I want to see you tomorrow.
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I want to see you tomorrow.
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I want to see you tomorrow.
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So we use the falling intonation when we are sure and certain of something or to talk about something which is complete.
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Falling intonation is also very common in WH questions.
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For example, what time does the movie begin?
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what time does the movie begin as you can see as
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i get to the end of the sentence my tone of
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voice falls down what time does the movie begin where is
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the nearest bus stop where's the nearest bus stop where's the
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nearest bus stop why do you study english why do you
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study english why do you study english the next pattern is
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rising intonation rising intonation is very common in yes no questions your voice rises
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when you get to the end of the question for example is he sad
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lesson up is he sad i don't say is he sad
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no is he sad it's a yes no question yes he is No, he isn't.
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Is he sad?
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Is she our doctor?
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Is she our doctor?
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Is she our doctor?
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Did they call?
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Did they call?
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Did they call?
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Now, look at this question.
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Are you watching the movie or not?
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This is called an alternative question because you have two alternatives.
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One before or and one after or when you have
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or in a question that's an alternative question and
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when you have an alternative question before or you have a rising intonation
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and after or you have a falling intonation
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so let's read this question again together are you watching the movie
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or not are you watching the movie or not are you watching the movie
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or not another example is he sitting or standing?
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Is he sitting or standing?
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Are they coming or going?
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Are they coming or going?
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And the third pattern of intonation is a fall rise intonation
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which has a fall and then it's followed by a rise in your tone of voice.
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We use this when something is incomplete or we are uncertain of something
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or we still want to continue the sentence
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and the sentence is not finished yet look at this i'm tired i'm tired this is a simple falling intonation
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which means i'm talking about something that i am sure of
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and the sentence is complete i'm tired but look at this one i'm tired
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but let's go out and have some fun i'm tired i'm tired
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but let's go out
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and have some fun the first part of the sentence has a fall rise intonation I'm tired
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which means the sentence is not complete yet.
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I still want to continue the sentence.
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I want to show contrast.
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I'm tired but let's go out and have some fun.
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Look at this one.
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I don't play tennis.
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I don't play tennis.
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This is the following intonation because I'm sure of it.
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I don't play tennis but look at this one i don't play tennis
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but i like watching it i don't play tennis
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but i like watching it the first half of the sentence has a fall rise intonation on the word tennis
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i don't play tennis which means the sentence is not complete yet
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and i want to show contrast i don't play tennis
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but i like watching it in these two examples the fall rise intonation was on one word.
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Tennis.
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tired it's also possible that the fall rise intonation are separately on two different words
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so one word with the falling and one word with the rising intonation
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that is also called the fall rise intonation this fall rise intonation shows
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that my sentence is not complete
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and i want to talk about a contrasting point the first week was good
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but the second week was terrible the first week has a
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falling intonation was good as a rising intonation this is a fall rise intonation
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and it shows that the sentence is not complete the first week was good
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but the second week was terrible
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or look at this one she's quite a good teacher she's quite a good teacher the intonation shows
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that the sentence is not complete
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and by hearing this sentence your mind immediately looks for a
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but listen to it again she's quite a good teacher okay
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but she's quite a good teacher
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but she's a bit old she's quite a good teacher
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but she's a bit old on the adverb quite we have
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a falling intonation she's quite a good teacher on the word
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teacher we have a rising intonation she's quite a good teacher
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and that's it guys we have learned about three patterns of intonation falling rising
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and the fall rise intonation
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and we have learned how intonation can help us improve our pronunciation sound more like a native speaker
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and make ourselves understood better and don't forget
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if you want to receive the lesson summary of this video with all other future videos
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when i post them on youtube in your email in a pdf file click on the link above my head, go to my website, enter your email address and hit subscribe.
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See you!
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このレッスンの語彙とスピーキングのポイント
このB1レベルのスピーキングレッスンは、動画「What is intonation in English? How many types does it have?」を教材にしています。 繰り返し出てくる語は次のとおりです：intonation, tennis, sentence, rise, fall。 この動画には、シャドーイング用の文が177文、単語が1706語あります。 音声の長さは11:40です。 話す速さは1分あたり約146語で安定しており、シャドーイングしやすいペースです。 単語の83%は英語の頻出3,000語に含まれます。残りは練習の前に確認しておきましょう。
この動画の重要語彙
動画の中で特に難しい単語10語を、発音と意味つきで紹介します。
| 単語 | 発音 | 意味 |
|---|---|---|
| intonation 名詞 | /ɪntəˈneɪʃən/ | イントネーション, 抑揚 |
| pronunciation 名詞 | /pɹəˌnʌn.siˈeɪ.ʃən/ | 発音, 読み |
| homework 名詞 | /ˈhoʊmˌwɝk/ | 宿題, 課題 |
| subscribe 動詞 | /səbˈskɹaɪb/ | 購読する |
| concise 形容詞 | /kənˈsaɪs/ | 簡潔な, 手短な |
| loudness 名詞 | 喧騒 | |
| melody 名詞 | /ˈmɛl.ə.di/ | 歌曲, 調べ |
| incomplete 形容詞 | /ɪn.kəmˈpliːt/ | 不完全, 未完 |
| separately 副詞 | /ˈsɛp.ɹət.li/ | 別々に |
| highlight 動詞 | /ˈhaɪˌlaɪt/ | ハイライト |
動画に出てくる句動詞
| 単語 | 発音 | 意味 |
|---|---|---|
| go out 動詞 | 出る | |
| fall down 動詞 | /fɔl ˈdaʊn/ | 落ちる |
| come down 動詞 | 降りる |
繰り返し練習したい文
動画に出てくる短く完結した文です。日常会話でそのまま使えます。
- I don't play tennis, but I like it.
- Do you like tennis?
- Let's have a look at some examples.
- Is she our doctor?
- Are you watching the movie or not?
この動画の文法
話し手がよく使っている文型を、動画の実際の表現とともに紹介します。
| 文型 | 動画での表現 |
|---|---|
| 関係詞節 who / which + 節 — 人や物について情報を加える | something which will · something which is · tennis which means |
| 現在完了形 have/has + 過去分詞 — 過去の出来事が今も関係している | have learned |
| 受動態 be + 過去分詞 — 誰がするかより、何が起きるかに焦点を当てる | is called · is also called |
| 現在進行形 am/is/are + -ing — 今まさに、または最近起きていること | am watching · is falling · are talking |
注意したい発音
話し手はdon't, I'm, couldn'tなど、短縮形や弱形を36回使っています。聞こえたとおりの短い形で発音しましょう。
- 「sh」と「zh」の音: intonation /ɪntəˈneɪʃən/, pronunciation /pɹəˌnʌn.siˈeɪ.ʃən/, facial /ˈfeɪ.ʃəl/
- 長い単語（アクセントの位置に注意）: intonation /ɪntəˈneɪʃən/, pronunciation /pɹəˌnʌn.siˈeɪ.ʃən/
日本語話者が苦手な音：
- 子音の連続 — 間に母音を入れない: pronunciation /pɹəˌnʌn.siˈeɪ.ʃən/, subscribe /səbˈskɹaɪb/, incomplete /ɪn.kəmˈpliːt/
この動画での練習方法
- まず声を出さずに動画を最後まで聞き、知らない単語をメモします。
- 通常の速度で一文ずつシャドーイングし、話し手のリズムに合うまで繰り返します。
- 自分の声を録音して元の音声と比べます。intonation, pronunciation, homeworkなどの単語に特に注意しましょう。
シャドーイングとは？英語上達に効果的な理由
シャドーイング（Shadowing）は、もともとプロの通訳者養成プログラムで開発された言語学習法で、多言語習得者として知られるDr. Alexander Arguelles によって広く普及されました。方法はシンプルですが非常に効果的：ネイティブスピーカーの英語を聞きながら、1〜2秒の遅延で声に出してすぐに繰り返す——まるで「影（shadow）」のように話者を追いかけます。文法ドリルや受動的なリスニングと異なり、シャドーイングは脳と口の筋肉が同時にリアルタイムで英語を処理・再現することを強制します。研究により、発音精度、抑揚、リズム、連音、リスニング力、そして会話の流暢さが大幅に向上することが確認されています。IELTSスピーキング対策や自然な英語コミュニケーションを目指す方に特におすすめです。