쉐도잉 연습: After Class English #15: What is Summer Break? | EXCLUSIVE RELEASE - 영상으로 영어 말하기 배우기

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Hi everyone and welcome back to the After Class English Podcast.

The podcast where we talk in slow, clear English for adult English learners to understand American English in real life context.

Today we are going to focus on the American school system and specifically something American students can all relate to, and that is summer vacation.

But we are also going to dive a little bit deeper.

We are going to talk about the history of the American school system as well.

We will answer questions like, why do American students get such a long summer break?

And is the school system the same everywhere in the United States?

Let's break it down step by step.

Don't forget to follow along to this episode with the practice packet down below.

You can always download it before you listen or after.

Okay, let's start here.

The American school system is divided into different levels.

Let's start here with elementary school.

Notice my pronunciation.

It looks like elementary, but it's not pronounced that way.

Well, you can say it that way,

but most Americans will pronounce it like elementary, tree school, elementary school.

I know it's weird.

Elementary school is from kindergarten to fifth grade, and in some states it's kindergarten to sixth grade.

Elementary school takes place when the students are five to eleven years old.

And note, many American students go to preschool or pre -K,

pre -kindergarten, where you are around three to four years old.

The students are around three to four years old, and it is there in preschool that the students start beginning to gain independence from their parents.

They're usually half days, like from 9am to 1pm or something like that, and they're usually only a couple times a week.

But it's for a student to practice going to school, taking care of their basic needs,

and learning to socialize with others before they go to elementary school, or in other words, start kindergarten.

So preschool, elementary school.

Inside elementary school, you have kindergarten, first grade, second grade, third grade,

fourth grade, and fifth grade.

And in some states, sixth grade.

It depends.

We'll get there later.

After elementary school, students go to middle school or junior high.

Again, Depending on the state, it's either called middle school or junior high.

Just depends.

Students in middle school are starting at around 11 and ending middle school around 14 years old.

And finally, we have high school from 9th grade to 12th grade,

where students start at 14 and end at 18 years old when they become a legal adult in the United States.

Most school days in the United States run Monday through Friday.

A normal school day is around 7 to 7 .30 start time with a 2 .30 finish time

or 8 a .m to 8 .30 start time with a 3 .30 to 4 end time.

American students study a lot of the same subjects as many people all over the world like history,

English, science, physical education like gym class and even art classes and foreign language classes too.

But school systems and what they offer really depends on the state and the school district.

A school district is like a territory of land, so to say, that is ruled by one governing party,

the district executives, or the people in charge of making the rules for all the schools in that territory or location.

Some districts are better off economically than others, and some schools just have different demands for different things.

For example, my town in the Midwest, I was lucky to have three foreign language options by the time I was in high school.

They offered Spanish, French, and German.

But other places in the United States start foreign language in middle school, and when I was in middle school,

they didn't offer foreign language until eighth grade, and they only offered Spanish, because where I lived, that made the most sense.

Our town really just had a population of mostly English and Spanish speakers, so there wasn't really a demand for a French teacher in middle school,

at least not in my district.

Another thing to point out is that some schools begin in September and some schools begin in August.

Again, this also depends on the climate of where you live.

For example, when I lived in Wisconsin, we would start school in middle to late September,

and then we would begin our summer vacation around the beginning or middle of June.

This is because where I lived, it was very cold up until like May.

So it didn't start getting warm outside until June anyways, and it could really only be like 60 degrees in June still.

But later in my life, I moved schools to a different state, and I realized we started school in August, but we ended school in May.

And the month made all the difference from where I moved from.

So my point is, is even though the United States is one country, education is not completely identical everywhere.

Now let's talk about summer break.

This is something you've probably seen on movies or tv shows right

when you're a kid you go through the whole school year just thinking about summer again

because summer feels like forever when you're a child i mean it's roughly three months

and that feels like a lifetime

when you're like eight in most u .s schools summer break is 10 to 12 weeks

but why does it exist we'll have to go back in history a little bit to answer that question.

So there is a common myth that it all has to do with farming.

All throughout the 1800s, many

Americans worked on farms and in rural areas.

Children were expected to help their families plant during harvest season.

So yes, the summer was a very useful time for farming.

But one important detail of this time is that there was no one system.

Not all schools had the same schedule back then.

Some rural schools were open in the winter and not the summer.

But you might think, after the Industrial Revolution, what about the cities?

Well, those schools had a problem with heat.

As you can imagine, before air conditioning, the classes became extremely hot in the summer, so it made learning very difficult and uncomfortable.

So to spare the students the agony, they just closed the schools for the summer.

But of course, over time and into the 1900s, the U .S education system became a little bit more organized.

Schools began adopting a standardized calendar.

Summer break kind of just became the default schedule, so both the rural farming schools and the city schools benefited from taking the summer off.

But let's talk about today's more modern debate, because not everybody takes long summer breaks anymore.

The modern debate surrounding summer break, though, is a little bit different.

Some educators argue that summer break needs to be a thing of the past.

They argue that students forget too much over the summer, which is unfortunately very, very true.

Also, some parents struggle to find child care over the summer because they're working and they need their kids in school.

But also, students of course have different households and different families with different priorities.

Therefore, some students might study the whole summer as encouraged by their parents, and other students might not.

Maybe they don't have the same parental supervision or lifestyle as those students.

I even knew students that would go to summer school or got tutoring over the summer, and those students absolutely excelled.

But some educators argue it increases learning gaps between students.

On the other hand, some educators are for summer break.

They believe students need to rest.

The families benefit from the extended travel time.

Like a lot of people go on vacation during summer with their kids

because they don't have to worry about school

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and they can get the time off work coordinated and they have more free time with their children.

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And I would argue that teenagers also benefit from the long break.

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Teenagers can take the summer to work.

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I think in the United States you can start working at 14 with parents' permission.

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I'll have to check that here.

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So as you can see, summer break has its pros and its cons.

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But what do you think?

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Do you think students should keep a long summer break?

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Let me know in the comments below if you're at this point in the podcast.

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As someone that grew up in the American school system, I feel like I can speak on summer breaks a little bit.

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So what is summer break actually like for the standard American kid?

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For many students, summer means sleeping in, traveling, part -time jobs, full -time jobs, or even taking some summer classes.

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Some students lose academic progress from the year prior, and this is called summer learning loss.

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And this summer learning loss is why some school districts in

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the United States are trying to change to year -round schooling or more breaks that are shorter instead of one long break.

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But honestly, most schools still follow the traditional system.

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It almost feels like a part of the American culture at this point.

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Like my grandma had a summer break and my mom had a summer break as a kid.

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And so did I and so will my children.

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It's like, you know, that feeling as a kid is so nostalgic, right?

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We've talked about that word in previous podcasts, but it feels sentimental.

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And you know, your child is looking forward to it every single year, just like you used to.

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And I know when I have kids

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that I'm going to watch their eyes light up on the last day of school

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when they know they have a whole summer break to look forward to.

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Because it honestly does feel kind of fun when you're a kid.

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But before we end today's podcast, let's practice some speaking together.

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Repeat after me.

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In the USA, school is divided into three levels.

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Elementary, middle, and high school.

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Summer break lasts 10 to 12 weeks.

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There are historical and practical reasons for this schedule.

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Not all schools follow the same system.

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Now answer this question in the comments below.

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Do you think your country should have a short summer break or a long summer break?

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Think about your lifestyle, your school system, your family needs, maybe even your learning habits.

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What do you think is better?

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Long summer break or short summer break?

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Maybe many breaks.

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Let me know in the comments below.

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And don't forget to download the practice packet for even more studying.

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If you want to share some of your answers with me, don't forget you can message me on this platform too.

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Remember, if the podcasts slow down a little bit,

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that's because we are now going live twice a week and having the podcast be twice a month instead of every week.

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So more exclusive lives and two podcasts a month.

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Thank you guys so much for your support.

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I appreciate you all so very much.

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And I will see you guys very, very soon.

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Bye, guys.

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이 레슨의 어휘와 말하기 포인트

이 말하기 레슨은 영상 “After Class English : What is Summer Break?”을(를) 바탕으로 합니다. 가장 자주 반복되는 단어는 다음과 같습니다: summer, break, student, elementary, grade. 이 영상에는 섀도잉할 문장 148개와 단어 1866개가 있습니다. 말하는 구간의 길이는 12:01입니다. 화자는 분당 약 155단어로, 일상 대화에 가까운 자연스러운 속도로 말합니다. 단어의 89%가 영어에서 가장 많이 쓰이는 3,000단어에 속해 어휘가 쉬운 편입니다.

이 영상의 핵심 어휘

영상에 나오는 익혀 둘 만한 단어 15개를 발음, 뜻과 함께 정리했습니다.

단어	발음	뜻
elementary 형용사	/ˌɛləˈmɛntəɹi/	기본적
podcast 명사	/ˈpɑdˌkæst/	팟캐스트
kindergarten 명사	/ˈkɪndəɹˌɡɑːɹt(ə)n/	유치원, 유아원
argue 동사	/ˈɑɹ.ɡju/	논하다, 의논하다
depend 동사	/dɪˈpɛnd/	의존하다, ...에 달려 있다
vacation 명사	/veɪˈkeɪ.ʃən/	휴가
educator 명사	/ˈɛd͡ʒəkeɪtɚ/	교육자, 교육가
sixth 형용사	/sɪksθ/	여섯째
divide 동사	/dɪˈvaɪd/	나누다, 가르다
teenager 명사	/ˈtiːnˌeɪ̯d͡ʒə/	틴에이저, 십대
packet 명사	/ˈpæk.ɪt/	패킷, 소포
practical 형용사	/ˈpɹæk.tɪ.kəl/	실질적인
gap 명사	/ɡæp/	간극, 극간
encourage 동사	/ɪnˈkʌɹ.ɪd͡ʒ/	격려하다
priority 명사	/pɹaɪˈɒɹɪti/	우선, 우선권

영상에 나오는 구동사

단어	뜻
point out 동사	가리키다

따라 말해 볼 만한 문장

영상에 나오는 짧고 완결된 문장으로, 일상 대화에서 그대로 쓸 수 있습니다:

Let's break it down step by step.
Let's start here with elementary school.
I'll have to check that here.
Do you think students should keep a long summer break?
What do you think is better?

이 영상의 문법

화자가 가장 많이 쓰는 문형을 영상 속 실제 표현과 함께 정리했습니다.

문형	영상 속 표현
수동태 be + 과거분사 — 누가 하는지보다 무슨 일이 일어나는지에 초점	is divided · is ruled · were expected
현재완료 have/has + 과거분사 — 과거의 일이 지금도 관련이 있을 때	you've probably seen · We've talked
관계절 who / which + 절 — 사람이나 사물에 대한 추가 정보	summer, which is · students that would
동사 + -ing enjoy, keep, stop… + -ing — 뒤에 -ing형이 오는 동사	start beginning · start getting · start working

주의할 발음

화자는 don't, you're, they're 같은 축약형과 약화된 형태를 22번 사용합니다. 들리는 대로 짧게 발음하세요.

“th” 소리: sixth /sɪksθ/, eighth /eɪtθ/, myth /mɪθ/
“sh”와 “zh” 소리: vacation /veɪˈkeɪ.ʃən/, supervision /ˌs(j)uːpəˈvɪʒən/, pronunciation /pɹəˌnʌn.siˈeɪ.ʃən/, socialize /ˈsoʊʃəlaɪz/
긴 단어 — 강세 위치에 주의: elementary /ˌɛləˈmɛntəɹi/, kindergarten /ˈkɪndəɹˌɡɑːɹt(ə)n/, educator /ˈɛd͡ʒəkeɪtɚ/, priority /pɹaɪˈɒɹɪti/, uncomfortable /ʌnˈkʌm.fɚ.tə.bl̩/

한국어 화자가 어려워하는 소리:

/f/ — ㅍ(/p/)으로 바꾸지 말고 윗니를 아랫입술에 대기: lifestyle /ˈlaɪfˌstaɪl/, lifetime /ˈlaɪf.taɪm/, roughly /ˈɹʌf.li/, default /dɪˈfɔlt/, uncomfortable /ʌnˈkʌm.fɚ.tə.bl̩/
/v/ — ㅂ(/b/)과 구별하기: vacation /veɪˈkeɪ.ʃən/, divide /dɪˈvaɪd/, dive /daɪv/, eleven /əˈlɛv.ən/, harvest /ˈhɑɹ.vəst/
/z/ — ㅈ이 아니라 성대를 울리는 /s/: anyways /ˈɛn.iˌweɪz/, organize /ˈɔɹɡənaɪz/, socialize /ˈsoʊʃəlaɪz/

이 영상으로 연습하는 방법

먼저 말하지 않고 영상을 끝까지 듣고 모르는 단어를 적어 둡니다.
0.75배속으로 한 문장씩 섀도잉을 시작하고, 익숙해지면 보통 속도로 돌아갑니다.
자신의 목소리를 녹음해 원본과 비교하고, elementary, podcast, kindergarten 같은 단어에 특히 주의합니다.

쉐도잉이란? 영어 실력을 빠르게 키우는 과학적 방법

쉐도잉(Shadowing)은 원래 전문 통역사 훈련을 위해 개발된 언어 학습 기법으로, 다언어 학자인 Dr. Alexander Arguelles에 의해 대중화된 방법입니다. 핵심 원리는 간단하지만 매우 강력합니다: 원어민의 영어를 들으면서 1~2초의 짧은 지연으로 즉시 소리 내어 따라 말하는 것——마치 '그림자(shadow)'처럼 화자를 따라가는 것입니다. 문법 공부나 수동적인 청취와 달리, 쉐도잉은 뇌와 입 근육이 동시에 실시간으로 영어를 처리하고 재현하도록 훈련합니다. 연구에 따르면 이 방법은 발음 정확도, 억양, 리듬, 연음, 청취력, 말하기 유창성을 크게 향상시킵니다. IELTS 스피킹 준비와 자연스러운 영어 소통을 원하는 분들에게 특히 효과적입니다.

섀도잉 방법: 단계별 전체 가이드 읽기 →

쉐도잉 연습: After Class English #15: What is Summer Break? | EXCLUSIVE RELEASE - 영상으로 영어 말하기 배우기

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