Shadowing Practice: After Class English #15: What is Summer Break? | EXCLUSIVE RELEASE - Learn English Speaking with Video
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148 משפטים
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Hi everyone and welcome back to the After Class English Podcast.
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The podcast where we talk in slow, clear English for adult English learners to understand American English in real life context.
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Today we are going to focus on the American school system and specifically something American students can all relate to, and that is summer vacation.
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But we are also going to dive a little bit deeper.
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We are going to talk about the history of the American school system as well.
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We will answer questions like, why do American students get such a long summer break?
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And is the school system the same everywhere in the United States?
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Let's break it down step by step.
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Don't forget to follow along to this episode with the practice packet down below.
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You can always download it before you listen or after.
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Okay, let's start here.
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The American school system is divided into different levels.
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Let's start here with elementary school.
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Notice my pronunciation.
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It looks like elementary, but it's not pronounced that way.
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Well, you can say it that way,
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but most Americans will pronounce it like elementary, tree school, elementary school.
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I know it's weird.
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Elementary school is from kindergarten to fifth grade, and in some states it's kindergarten to sixth grade.
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Elementary school takes place when the students are five to eleven years old.
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And note, many American students go to preschool or pre -K,
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pre -kindergarten, where you are around three to four years old.
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The students are around three to four years old, and it is there in preschool that the students start beginning to gain independence from their parents.
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They're usually half days, like from 9am to 1pm or something like that, and they're usually only a couple times a week.
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But it's for a student to practice going to school, taking care of their basic needs,
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and learning to socialize with others before they go to elementary school, or in other words, start kindergarten.
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So preschool, elementary school.
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Inside elementary school, you have kindergarten, first grade, second grade, third grade,
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fourth grade, and fifth grade.
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And in some states, sixth grade.
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It depends.
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We'll get there later.
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After elementary school, students go to middle school or junior high.
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Again, Depending on the state, it's either called middle school or junior high.
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Just depends.
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Students in middle school are starting at around 11 and ending middle school around 14 years old.
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And finally, we have high school from 9th grade to 12th grade,
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where students start at 14 and end at 18 years old when they become a legal adult in the United States.
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Most school days in the United States run Monday through Friday.
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A normal school day is around 7 to 7 .30 start time with a 2 .30 finish time
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or 8 a .m to 8 .30 start time with a 3 .30 to 4 end time.
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American students study a lot of the same subjects as many people all over the world like history,
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English, science, physical education like gym class and even art classes and foreign language classes too.
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But school systems and what they offer really depends on the state and the school district.
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A school district is like a territory of land, so to say, that is ruled by one governing party,
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the district executives, or the people in charge of making the rules for all the schools in that territory or location.
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Some districts are better off economically than others, and some schools just have different demands for different things.
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For example, my town in the Midwest, I was lucky to have three foreign language options by the time I was in high school.
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They offered Spanish, French, and German.
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But other places in the United States start foreign language in middle school, and when I was in middle school,
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they didn't offer foreign language until eighth grade, and they only offered Spanish, because where I lived, that made the most sense.
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Our town really just had a population of mostly English and Spanish speakers, so there wasn't really a demand for a French teacher in middle school,
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at least not in my district.
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Another thing to point out is that some schools begin in September and some schools begin in August.
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Again, this also depends on the climate of where you live.
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For example, when I lived in Wisconsin, we would start school in middle to late September,
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and then we would begin our summer vacation around the beginning or middle of June.
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This is because where I lived, it was very cold up until like May.
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So it didn't start getting warm outside until June anyways, and it could really only be like 60 degrees in June still.
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But later in my life, I moved schools to a different state, and I realized we started school in August, but we ended school in May.
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And the month made all the difference from where I moved from.
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So my point is, is even though the United States is one country, education is not completely identical everywhere.
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Now let's talk about summer break.
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This is something you've probably seen on movies or tv shows right
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when you're a kid you go through the whole school year just thinking about summer again
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because summer feels like forever when you're a child i mean it's roughly three months
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and that feels like a lifetime
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when you're like eight in most u .s schools summer break is 10 to 12 weeks
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but why does it exist we'll have to go back in history a little bit to answer that question.
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So there is a common myth that it all has to do with farming.
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All throughout the 1800s, many
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Americans worked on farms and in rural areas.
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Children were expected to help their families plant during harvest season.
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So yes, the summer was a very useful time for farming.
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But one important detail of this time is that there was no one system.
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Not all schools had the same schedule back then.
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Some rural schools were open in the winter and not the summer.
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But you might think, after the Industrial Revolution, what about the cities?
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Well, those schools had a problem with heat.
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As you can imagine, before air conditioning, the classes became extremely hot in the summer, so it made learning very difficult and uncomfortable.
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So to spare the students the agony, they just closed the schools for the summer.
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But of course, over time and into the 1900s, the U .S education system became a little bit more organized.
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Schools began adopting a standardized calendar.
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Summer break kind of just became the default schedule, so both the rural farming schools and the city schools benefited from taking the summer off.
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But let's talk about today's more modern debate, because not everybody takes long summer breaks anymore.
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The modern debate surrounding summer break, though, is a little bit different.
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Some educators argue that summer break needs to be a thing of the past.
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They argue that students forget too much over the summer, which is unfortunately very, very true.
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Also, some parents struggle to find child care over the summer because they're working and they need their kids in school.
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But also, students of course have different households and different families with different priorities.
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Therefore, some students might study the whole summer as encouraged by their parents, and other students might not.
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Maybe they don't have the same parental supervision or lifestyle as those students.
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I even knew students that would go to summer school or got tutoring over the summer, and those students absolutely excelled.
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But some educators argue it increases learning gaps between students.
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On the other hand, some educators are for summer break.
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They believe students need to rest.
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The families benefit from the extended travel time.
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Like a lot of people go on vacation during summer with their kids
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because they don't have to worry about school
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and they can get the time off work coordinated and they have more free time with their children.
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And I would argue that teenagers also benefit from the long break.
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Teenagers can take the summer to work.
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I think in the United States you can start working at 14 with parents' permission.
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I'll have to check that here.
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So as you can see, summer break has its pros and its cons.
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But what do you think?
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Do you think students should keep a long summer break?
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Let me know in the comments below if you're at this point in the podcast.
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As someone that grew up in the American school system, I feel like I can speak on summer breaks a little bit.
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So what is summer break actually like for the standard American kid?
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For many students, summer means sleeping in, traveling, part -time jobs, full -time jobs, or even taking some summer classes.
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Some students lose academic progress from the year prior, and this is called summer learning loss.
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And this summer learning loss is why some school districts in
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the United States are trying to change to year -round schooling or more breaks that are shorter instead of one long break.
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But honestly, most schools still follow the traditional system.
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It almost feels like a part of the American culture at this point.
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Like my grandma had a summer break and my mom had a summer break as a kid.
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And so did I and so will my children.
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It's like, you know, that feeling as a kid is so nostalgic, right?
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We've talked about that word in previous podcasts, but it feels sentimental.
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And you know, your child is looking forward to it every single year, just like you used to.
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And I know when I have kids
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that I'm going to watch their eyes light up on the last day of school
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when they know they have a whole summer break to look forward to.
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Because it honestly does feel kind of fun when you're a kid.
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But before we end today's podcast, let's practice some speaking together.
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Repeat after me.
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In the USA, school is divided into three levels.
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Elementary, middle, and high school.
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Summer break lasts 10 to 12 weeks.
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There are historical and practical reasons for this schedule.
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Not all schools follow the same system.
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Now answer this question in the comments below.
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Do you think your country should have a short summer break or a long summer break?
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Think about your lifestyle, your school system, your family needs, maybe even your learning habits.
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What do you think is better?
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Long summer break or short summer break?
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Maybe many breaks.
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Let me know in the comments below.
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And don't forget to download the practice packet for even more studying.
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If you want to share some of your answers with me, don't forget you can message me on this platform too.
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Remember, if the podcasts slow down a little bit,
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that's because we are now going live twice a week and having the podcast be twice a month instead of every week.
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So more exclusive lives and two podcasts a month.
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Thank you guys so much for your support.
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I appreciate you all so very much.
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And I will see you guys very, very soon.
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Bye, guys.
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אוצר מילים והערות הגייה לשיעור הזה
שיעור הדיבור הזה ברמה B1 מבוסס על הסרטון “After Class English : What is Summer Break?”. המילים שחוזרות הכי הרבה: summer, break, student, elementary, grade. בסרטון הזה יש 148 משפטים ו-1866 מילים לתרגול Shadowing. הדיבור נמשך 12:01. הדובר מדבר בקצב טבעי של כ-155 מילים בדקה, קרוב לשיחה יומיומית. 89% מהמילים נמצאות בין 3,000 המילים הנפוצות ביותר באנגלית, כך שקל לעקוב אחרי אוצר המילים.
אוצר מילים מרכזי בסרטון הזה
15 המילים המתקדמות ביותר בסרטון, עם ההגייה והמשמעות שלהן:
| מילה | הגייה | משמעות |
|---|---|---|
| podcast שם עצם | /ˈpɑdˌkæst/ | פּוֹדְקַאסְט, הֶסְכֵּת |
| kindergarten שם עצם | /ˈkɪndəɹˌɡɑːɹt(ə)n/ | גַּן, גַן יְלָדִים |
| depend פועל | /dɪˈpɛnd/ | היה תלוי |
| packet שם עצם | /ˈpæk.ɪt/ | חֲבִילָה |
| teenager שם עצם | /ˈtiːnˌeɪ̯d͡ʒə/ | נַעַר |
| divide פועל | /dɪˈvaɪd/ | חילק, פיצל |
| lifestyle שם עצם | /ˈlaɪfˌstaɪl/ | אֹרַח חַיִּים |
| nostalgic שם תואר | נוֹסְטַלְגִי | |
| pronunciation שם עצם | /pɹəˌnʌn.siˈeɪ.ʃən/ | הֲגִיָּה, בִּטּוּי |
| agony שם עצם | /ˈæɡ.ə.ni/ | יִסּוּרִים |
| tutor שם עצם | /ˈtjuːtəː/ | מורה פרטי |
| govern פועל | /ˈɡʌv.ən/ | מָשַׁל |
| excel פועל | /ɪkˈsɛl/ | הצטיין |
| organize פועל | /ˈɔɹɡənaɪz/ | ארגן |
| harvest שם עצם | /ˈhɑɹ.vəst/ | קְצִירָה, אָסִיף |
משפטים שכדאי לחזור עליהם
משפטים קצרים ושלמים מהסרטון שאפשר להשתמש בהם בשיחה יומיומית:
- Let's break it down step by step.
- Let's start here with elementary school.
- I'll have to check that here.
- Do you think students should keep a long summer break?
- What do you think is better?
דקדוק בסרטון הזה
המבנים שהדובר משתמש בהם הכי הרבה, עם המילים המדויקות מהסרטון:
| מבנה | בסרטון |
|---|---|
| סביל (Passive voice) be + past participle — הדגש הוא על מה שקורה, לא על מי שעושה את הפעולה | is divided · is ruled · were expected |
| הווה מושלם (Present perfect) have/has + past participle — פעולה שקרתה בעבר ועדיין יש לה חשיבות או השפעה עכשיו | you've probably seen · We've talked |
| משפטי זיקה (Relative clauses) who / which + clause — מידע נוסף על אדם או דבר | summer, which is · students that would |
| פועל + -ing enjoy, keep, stop… + -ing — פעלים שמתחברים ל-ing אחריהם | start beginning · start getting · start working |
הגייה ששווה לשים לב אליה
הדובר משתמש ב-22 קיצורים וצורות מקוצרות, כמו don't, you're, they're. אמרו אותם בצורה הקצרה, כפי שאתם שומעים אותם.
- הצלילים של “th”: myth /mɪθ/, eighth /eɪtθ/
- הצלילים של “sh” ו-“zh”: socialize /ˈsoʊʃəlaɪz/, pronunciation /pɹəˌnʌn.siˈeɪ.ʃən/, supervision /ˌs(j)uːpəˈvɪʒən/
- מילים ארוכות — שימו לב להטעמה: kindergarten /ˈkɪndəɹˌɡɑːɹt(ə)n/, educator /ˈɛd͡ʒəkeɪtɚ/, pronunciation /pɹəˌnʌn.siˈeɪ.ʃən/, coordinate /koʊˈɔɹ.dəˌneɪt/, economically /ˌiː.kəˈnɒm.ɪ.kli/
צלילים שדוברי עברית מתקשים בהם:
- /æ/ — פתוח יותר מה-“אֶ” העברית, לא כמו “a” ב-“cup”: podcast /ˈpɑdˌkæst/, packet /ˈpæk.ɪt/, agony /ˈæɡ.ə.ni/, grandma /ˈɡɹænmɑː/, habit /ˈhæb.ɪt/
- /r/ — הלשון לא נוגעת בשום מקום, לא ה-“ר” הגרונית: kindergarten /ˈkɪndəɹˌɡɑːɹt(ə)n/, preschool /ˈpɹiːskuːl/, pronounce /pɹəˈnaʊns/, learner /ˈlɜɹnəɹ/, pronunciation /pɹəˌnʌn.siˈeɪ.ʃən/
- עיצור קולי בסוף מילה — /b/, /d/, /g/, /z/, /v/ בלי להפוך אותם לאטומים: depend /dɪˈpɛnd/, divide /dɪˈvaɪd/, socialize /ˈsoʊʃəlaɪz/, surround /səˈɹaʊnd/, organize /ˈɔɹɡənaɪz/
איך לתרגל עם הסרטון הזה
- הקשיבו לכל הסרטון פעם אחת בלי לדבר, ורשמו את המילים שאתם לא מכירים.
- התחילו במהירות 0.75×, תרגלו Shadowing משפט אחר משפט, וחזרו למהירות רגילה כשזה מרגיש קל.
- הקליטו את עצמכם והשוו למקור, תוך תשומת לב למילים כמו podcast, kindergarten, depend.
מהי טכניקת השאדואינג?
שאדואינג היא טכניקת למידת שפה מבוססת מדע שפותחה במקור להכשרת מתורגמנים מקצועיים ופופולרית על ידי הפוליגלוט ד"ר אלכסנדר ארגואלס. השיטה פשוטה אך עוצמתית: אתה מקשיב לאודיו באנגלית ילידית וחוזר עליו בקול רם מיד — כמו צל העוקב אחרי הדובר עם עיכוב של 1–2 שניות בלבד. בניגוד להאזנה פסיבית או תרגילי דקדוק, שאדואינג מכריח את המוח והשרירים בפה לעבד ולשחזר דפוסי דיבור אמיתיים בו זמנית. מחקרים מראים שזה משפר משמעותית את דיוק ההגייה, האינטונציה, הקצב, הדיבור המחובר, הבנת השמיעה ושטף הדיבור — מה שהופך אותו לאחת השיטות היעילות ביותר להכנה לIELTS Speaking ולתקשורת באנגלית בעולם האמיתי.