쉐도잉 연습: 馬斯克：不只基本收入，是「全民高收入」｜辦公室工作會「像閃電一樣」被 AI 取代，那剩下什麼工作？｜Joe Rogan 節目 馬斯克｜真實訪談精選、單字解釋、雙語字幕 - 영상으로 영어 말하기 배우기
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158 문장
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The only way to get us out of the debt crisis and to prevent America from going bankrupt is AI and robotics,
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which is like just someone at a computer doing something.
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AI is going to take over those jobs like lightning.
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And ultimately, working will be optional because you'll have robots plus AI and we'll have,
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in a benign scenario, universal high income.
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One of the things you said when you stepped away is that you're kind of done and that it's unfixable that
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Well or under its current form the way people are approaching it
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You can you can make it directionally better, but ultimately you can't fully fix the system
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So I I – like it is – it would be accurate to say
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that even – like unless you go like super draconian like,
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you know, Genghis Khan level on cutting waste and fraud, which you can't really do in a democratic country,
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an aspirationally democratic country, then there's no way to solve the debt crisis.
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So we've got national debt, that's just insane, where the debt payments, the interest payments on the debt exceed our entire military budget.
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I mean, that was one of the wake -up calls for me.
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I was like, wait a second, the interest on our national debt is bigger than the entire military budget and growing?
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This is crazy um so um so so even
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if you implement all these savings you're only delaying the day of reckoning for
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when america becomes it goes bankrupt so unless you go full genghis khan um
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which you can't really do so um so i came to the conclusion
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that the only way that the only way to get us out of the debt crisis
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and to prevent America from going bankrupt is AI and robotics.
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So we need to grow the economy at a rate that allows us to pay off our debt.
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The savings, like reducing waste and forward, can give us a longer runway, but it cannot ultimately pay off our national debt.
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So what do you think the solution is to the jobs that are going to be lost because of AI and robotics,
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the jobs due to automation, the jobs due to no longer do we need human beings to do these jobs because AI is doing them?
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Do you think it's going to be some sort of a universal basic income thing?
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Do you think there's going to be some other kind of solution that has to be implemented?
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Because a lot of people are going to be out of work, right?
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I think there will be actually a high demand for jobs, but not necessarily the same jobs.
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So, I mean, this is actually, this process has been happening throughout modern history.
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I mean, they used to be, like, doing calculations manually with, like, pencil and paper used to be a job
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so used to have like buildings full of people called computers whether the banks would like the all
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you do all day is is you do calculations
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because they didn't have computers then didn't have digital didn't have digital computers
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that people do this yeah well they're just people just like add
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and subtract stuff on piece paper and and and that
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that would be how banks would do you know financial processing
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and you'd have to literally go over their equations to make sure the books are balanced yeah
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and most times it's a simple math like
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Like in a world before computers, how did you calculate, how did you do transactions?
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You had to do them by hand.
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So then when computers were introduced, the job of doing bank calculations no longer existed.
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So people had to go do something else.
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And that's what's going to happen.
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That's what is happening at an accelerated rate.
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Your AI and then robotics that's the issue though, right the accelerated rate because it's gonna be the accelerator
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It's just happening.
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Like I said, like AI is the supersonic tsunami so
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That's why I call it supersonic tsunami
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So it's like what other jobs will be available that aren't available now because of AI Well AI is really still digital.
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Ultimately, AI can improve the productivity of humans who
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Build things with their hands or do things with their hands, like literally welding, electrical work,
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plumbing, anything that's physically moving atoms, like cooking food or farming,
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like anything that's physical, those jobs will exist for a much longer time.
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But anything that is digital, which is like just someone at a computer doing something, AI is going to take over those jobs like lightning.
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Coding, anything along those lines.
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It's going to take over those jobs like lightning.
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Just like digital computers took over the job of people doing manual calculations, but much faster.
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So what happens to all those people?
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What kind of numbers are we talking about?
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You're going to lose most drivers, right?
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Commercial drivers, you're going to have automated vehicles, AI -controlled systems, just like there's certain ports in China,
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I think in Singapore, where everything's completely automated.
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But yeah, cars are going to be autonomous.
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But there's just so many desk jobs where really what people are doing is they're processing email or they're answering the phone.
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And just anything that isn't moving atoms, like anything that is not doing physical work, that will obviously be the first thing.
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Those jobs will be and are being eliminated by AI at a very rapid pace um um
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and ultimately i working will be optional uh because you'll have robots plus ai
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and we'll have in a benign scenario universal high income not
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just universal basic income universal high income meaning anyone can have any products or services that they want
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So you but but there will be a lot of trauma and disruption along the way
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So you anticipate a basic income
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From that that the economy will boost to such an extent that a high income would be available to almost everybody
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So we'd essentially eliminate poverty In the benign scenario.
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Yes.
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So like There's multiple scenarios.
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There are multiple scenarios.
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There's a lot of ways this movie can end
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like the reason I'm so concerned about AI safety is
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that like one of the possibilities is the Terminator scenario
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it's not it's not zero percent by in the same way
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having Grok be a maximally truth -seeking curious AI will force
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the other AI companies to be also be more truth -seeking
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and fair and the funniest thing is even though like the socialists
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and the Marxists are in opposition to a lot of your ideas, but if this gets implemented and you really can achieve universal high income,
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that's the greatest socialist solution of all time.
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Like literally no one will have to work.
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Correct.
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Um, but like I said, so, so there is a benign scenario here, which I think probably people will be happy with if,
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if, as long as we achieve it, which is sustainable abundance.
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Um, which is if everyone can have – like if you ask people like, what's the future that you want?
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And I think a future where we haven't destroyed nature, like you can still – we have the national parks,
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we have the Amazon rainforest, it's still there.
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We haven't paved the rainforest.
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Like the natural beauty is still there.
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But people have – nonetheless, everyone has abundance.
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Everyone has excellent medical care.
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Everyone has whatever goods and services they want.
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It kind of sounds like heaven.
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It sounds like heaven.
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It is like the ideal socialist utopia and
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This idea
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that the only thing you should be doing with your time is working in order to pay your bills and feed yourself
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Sounds kind of archaic
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Considering the kind of technology that's at play.
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Yeah, like a world where that's not your concern at all anymore
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Everybody has money for food.
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Everybody has abundance.
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Everybody has electronics in their home.
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Everybody essentially has a high income.
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Now you can kind of do whatever you want.
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And your day can now be exploring your interests, doing things that you actually enjoy doing.
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Your purpose just has to shift.
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Instead of, you know, I'm a hard worker and this is what I do and that's how I define myself.
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Now you can.
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Golf all day, you know, you could whatever it is that you enjoy doing can now be your main pursuit.
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Yeah.
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Well, that sounds crazy good
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Yeah, that's that's that's that's that's that's the benign scenario that we should be ending to the movie is actually pretty good
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Yes Like I think there's there is still this question of meaning of like making sure people don't
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Lose meaning, you know, like so hopefully it can find meaning in ways
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that are not that's not derived from their work
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and Purpose the purpose for things that you you know find things that you do that you enjoy
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But there's a lot of people that are independently wealthy
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that spend most of their time doing something they enjoy right and That could be the majority of people
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Pretty much everyone we would have to rewire how people approach life
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Which seems to be like acceptable because you're not asking them to be enslaved
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You're exactly asking them the opposite like no longer be burdened by financial worries
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Now go do what you like
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yes test pizza do whatever you want um pretty much um
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so that's uh that's that's the that's the that's probably the best case outcome
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that sounds like the best case outcome period for the future
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if you're looking at like how much people have struggled just to feed themselves all throughout history food shelter safety
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if all that stuff can be fit like how much would you solve a lot of the crime
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if there was a universal high income just think of
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that like how much of crime is financially motivated you know the greater percentage of people
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that are committing crimes live in poor disenfranchised neighborhoods so
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if there's no such thing anymore
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if you really can achieve universal high income yeah
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this is it sounds like a utopian yes I think some people may commit crime
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because they like committing crime just some some amount of
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that is they just a lot of people out there yeah yeah
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and obviously they've become 40 years old living a life like
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that now all of a sudden universal high income is not gonna completely stop their instincts Yeah.
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But then, as you pointed out,
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the irony is that the ultimate capitalist thing of AI and robotics enabling prosperity for all and abundance of goods and services,
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actually the capitalist implementation of AI and robotics, assuming it goes down the good path,
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uh is is actually what results in the communist utopia
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because fate is fate is an irony maximizer right and
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and an actual socialism of maximum abundance of high income people
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universal high income yeah like the the problem with communism uh is is this universal low income um
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it's it's not that everyone gets elevated it's
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that everyone gets oppressed except for a very small minority of politicians who live a life of luxury
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that's what's happening every time it's been done yeah um
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so um but then the the actual communist topia
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if everyone gets anything they want will be will be
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if will be achieved if it is achieved it will be achieved via capitalism because fate is an irony maximizer.
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Thank you.
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이 레슨의 어휘와 말하기 포인트
이 말하기 레슨은 영상 “馬斯克：不只基本收入，是「全民高收入」｜辦公室工作會「像閃電一樣」被 AI 取代，那剩下什麼工作？｜Joe Rogan 節目 馬斯克｜真實訪談精選、單字解釋、雙語字幕”을(를) 바탕으로 합니다. 가장 자주 반복되는 단어는 다음과 같습니다: income, universal, debt, scenario, computer. 이 영상에는 섀도잉할 문장 158개와 단어 1934개가 있습니다. 말하는 구간의 길이는 14:11입니다. 화자는 분당 약 136단어의 일정한 속도로 말해서 섀도잉하기에 편한 속도입니다. 단어의 84%가 영어에서 가장 많이 쓰이는 3,000단어에 속합니다. 나머지는 연습 전에 미리 확인해 두세요.
이 영상의 핵심 어휘
영상에 나오는 익혀 둘 만한 단어 15개를 발음, 뜻과 함께 정리했습니다.
| 단어 | 발음 | 뜻 |
|---|---|---|
| universal 형용사 | /ˌjunəˈvɜɹs(ə)l/ | 우주(宇宙)의, 우주적 |
| scenario 명사 | /sɪˈnɛəɹioʊ/ | 각본, 대본 |
| robotics 명사 | /ɹoʊˈbɑ.tɪks/ | 로봇공학, 로봇학 |
| calculation 명사 | /ˌkælkjuˈleɪʃn̩/ | 계산 |
| fate 명사 | /feɪt/ | 운명, 숙명 |
| lightning 명사 | /ˈlaɪt.nɪŋ/ | 번개, 벼락 |
| socialist 명사 | /ˈsoʊ.ʃə.lɪst/ | 사회주의자 |
| irony 명사 | /ˈaɪ.ɚ.ni/ | 반어, 풍자 |
| bankrupt 형용사 | /ˈbæŋk.ɹəpt/ | 파산 |
| solve 동사 | /sɒlv/ | 해결하다 |
| communist 명사 | /ˈkɑ.mjə.nɪst/ | 공산주의자, 빨갱이 |
| khan 명사 | /kɑːn/ | 칸, 가한 |
| robot 명사 | /ˈɹoʊ.bɑt/ | 로봇, 인조인간 |
| eliminate 동사 | /ɪˈlɪm.ɪ.neɪt/ | 제거하다 |
| capitalist 명사 | /ˈkæp.ɪ.tə.lɪst/ | 자본가 |
영상에 나오는 구동사
| 단어 | 발음 | 뜻 |
|---|---|---|
| go down 동사 | 내려가다 | |
| point out 동사 | 가리키다 | |
| wake up 동사 | /ˌweɪk ˈʌp/ | 눈뜨다, 일어나다 |
따라 말해 볼 만한 문장
영상에 나오는 짧고 완결된 문장으로, 일상 대화에서 그대로 쓸 수 있습니다:
- What kind of numbers are we talking about?
- You're going to lose most drivers, right?
- We haven't paved the rainforest.
이 영상의 문법
화자가 가장 많이 쓰는 문형을 영상 속 실제 표현과 함께 정리했습니다.
| 문형 | 영상 속 표현 |
|---|---|
| 조건문 if + 절, will/would + 동사 — 조건과 그 결과 | if everyone gets anything they want will be |
| “used to” used to + 동사 — 지금은 아닌 과거의 습관이나 상태 | used to be · used to have |
| 수동태 be + 과거분사 — 누가 하는지보다 무슨 일이 일어나는지에 초점 | be lost · be implemented · are balanced |
| 현재완료 have/has + 과거분사 — 과거의 일이 지금도 관련이 있을 때 | haven't destroyed · haven't paved · have struggled |
주의할 발음
화자는 you're, can't, didn't 같은 축약형과 약화된 형태를 33번 사용합니다. 들리는 대로 짧게 발음하세요.
- “th” 소리: math /mæθ/, wealthy /ˈwɛl.θi/, nonetheless /ˌnʌnðəˈlɛs/
- “sh”와 “zh” 소리: calculation /ˌkælkjuˈleɪʃn̩/, socialist /ˈsoʊ.ʃə.lɪst/, essentially /ɪˈsɛnʃəli/, optional /ˈɑp.ʃə.nəl/, conclusion /kənˈkluːʒən/
- 긴 단어 — 강세 위치에 주의: universal /ˌjunəˈvɜɹs(ə)l/, essentially /ɪˈsɛnʃəli/, eliminate /ɪˈlɪm.ɪ.neɪt/, capitalist /ˈkæp.ɪ.tə.lɪst/, accelerate /ɪkˈsɛl.əˌɹeɪt/
한국어 화자가 어려워하는 소리:
- /f/ — ㅍ(/p/)으로 바꾸지 말고 윗니를 아랫입술에 대기: fate /feɪt/, fraud /ˈfɹɔːd/, define /dɪˈfaɪn/, physically /ˈfɪz.ɪ.kli/, rainforest /ˈɹeɪn.fɔɹ.ɪst/
- /v/ — ㅂ(/b/)과 구별하기: universal /ˌjunəˈvɜɹs(ə)l/, solve /sɒlv/, poverty /ˈpɑːvɚti/, productivity /ˌpɹɒdʌkˈtɪvəti/, motivate /ˈmoʊ.tɪ.veɪt/
- /z/ — ㅈ이 아니라 성대를 울리는 /s/: physically /ˈfɪz.ɪ.kli/, transaction /tɹænˈzækʃən/, capitalism /ˈkæp.ə.təlˌɪzm̩/, socialism /ˈsoʊʃəlɪzəm/, communism /ˈkɒmjᵿnɪz(ə)m/
이 영상으로 연습하는 방법
- 먼저 말하지 않고 영상을 끝까지 듣고 모르는 단어를 적어 둡니다.
- 보통 속도로 한 문장씩 섀도잉하고, 화자의 리듬과 맞을 때까지 반복합니다.
- 자신의 목소리를 녹음해 원본과 비교하고, universal, scenario, robotics 같은 단어에 특히 주의합니다.
쉐도잉이란? 영어 실력을 빠르게 키우는 과학적 방법
쉐도잉(Shadowing)은 원래 전문 통역사 훈련을 위해 개발된 언어 학습 기법으로, 다언어 학자인 Dr. Alexander Arguelles에 의해 대중화된 방법입니다. 핵심 원리는 간단하지만 매우 강력합니다: 원어민의 영어를 들으면서 1~2초의 짧은 지연으로 즉시 소리 내어 따라 말하는 것——마치 '그림자(shadow)'처럼 화자를 따라가는 것입니다. 문법 공부나 수동적인 청취와 달리, 쉐도잉은 뇌와 입 근육이 동시에 실시간으로 영어를 처리하고 재현하도록 훈련합니다. 연구에 따르면 이 방법은 발음 정확도, 억양, 리듬, 연음, 청취력, 말하기 유창성을 크게 향상시킵니다. IELTS 스피킹 준비와 자연스러운 영어 소통을 원하는 분들에게 특히 효과적입니다.