쉐도잉 연습: CET-6 Listening Lectures: The Pygmalion Effect and the Spotlight Effect - 영상으로 영어 말하기 배우기
연습 모드 선택
각 모드는 전체 화면 연습실로 열립니다.
28 문장
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1
Recording One.
녹음 1.
2
Can a teacher's expectations actually change how well a child does?
교사의 기대가 정말로 아이의 성적을 바꿀 수 있을까요?
3
In the 1960s, Robert Rosenthal and Lenore Jacobson set out to test this idea.
1960년대, Robert Rosenthal과 Lenore Jacobson이 이 생각을 검증하기 시작했습니다.
4
At a primary school in California, they gave all the children an intelligence test.
캘리포니아의 한 초등학교에서 모든 아이에게 지능 검사를 실시했습니다.
5
They then told the teachers that some children were about to make rapid progress.
그런 다음 교사들에게 몇몇 아이가 곧 빠르게 성장할 것이라고 말했습니다.
6
In fact, those children had been chosen completely at random.
사실 그 아이들은 완전히 무작위로 뽑힌 것이었습니다.
7
Eight months later, many of these children had made bigger gains in their scores!
8개월 뒤, 그 아이들 중 상당수의 점수가 더 많이 올랐습니다!
8
The effect was strongest among the youngest pupils.
이 효과는 가장 어린 학생들에게서 가장 강하게 나타났습니다.
9
The teachers, it seems, gave them more attention and encouragement without realising it.
교사들이 자기도 모르게 그 아이들에게 더 많은 관심과 격려를 준 것으로 보입니다.
10
However, later studies have found the effect to be real, but usually much smaller.
하지만 이후 연구들은 이 효과가 실제로 있지만 대개 훨씬 작다는 것을 밝혀냈습니다.
11
Questions sixteen to eighteen are based on the recording you have just heard.
16번부터 18번 문제는 방금 들은 녹음에 관한 것입니다.
12
Question sixteen. How were the children expected to make rapid progress chosen?
16번. 빠르게 성장할 것이라고 한 아이들은 어떻게 선정되었습니까?
13
Question seventeen. Which children showed the strongest effect?
17번. 어떤 아이들에게서 효과가 가장 강하게 나타났습니까?
14
Question eighteen. What have later studies found about the effect?
18번. 이후 연구들은 이 효과에 대해 무엇을 발견했습니까?
15
Recording Two.
녹음 2.
16
Have you ever spilt coffee on your shirt and felt that everyone was staring at you?
셔츠에 커피를 쏟고 모두가 나만 쳐다보는 것 같았던 적이 있나요?
17
Psychologists call this feeling the spotlight effect.
심리학자들은 이런 느낌을 조명 효과, 즉 스포트라이트 효과라고 부릅니다.
18
In 2000, Thomas Gilovich and his colleagues at Cornell University put it to the test.
2000년, 코넬 대학교의 Thomas Gilovich와 동료들이 이를 실험으로 확인했습니다.
19
They asked students to wear an embarrassing T-shirt into a room full of people.
학생들에게 민망한 티셔츠를 입고 사람들로 가득 찬 방에 들어가게 했습니다.
20
The students guessed that about half the room had noticed the shirt.
학생들은 방에 있던 사람의 절반 정도가 티셔츠를 알아챘을 거라고 추측했습니다.
21
In reality, only about a quarter had!
실제로는 4분의 1 정도만 알아챘습니다!
22
We overestimate how much others notice us, because we are the centre of our own world.
우리는 자기 세상의 중심에 있기 때문에 남들이 나를 얼마나 주목하는지 과대평가합니다.
23
Everyone else is too busy worrying about their own shirt.
다른 사람들은 자기 셔츠 걱정하느라 바쁘거든요.
24
So next time you make a small mistake in public, relax. Hardly anyone saw it.
그러니 다음에 사람들 앞에서 작은 실수를 해도 마음 편히 가지세요. 거의 아무도 못 봤으니까요.
25
Questions nineteen to twenty-one are based on the recording you have just heard.
19번부터 21번 문제는 방금 들은 녹음에 관한 것입니다.
26
Question nineteen. What did the researchers ask the students to do?
19번. 연구진은 학생들에게 무엇을 하라고 했습니까?
27
Question twenty. How did the students' guesses compare with reality?
20번. 학생들의 추측은 실제와 비교해 어땠습니까?
28
Question twenty-one. Why do people overestimate how much others notice them?
21번. 사람들은 왜 남들이 자신을 얼마나 주목하는지 과대평가합니까?
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Vocabulary and speaking notes for this lesson
This C1 speaking lesson is built on the video “CET-6 Listening Lectures: The Pygmalion Effect and the Spotlight Effect”. The speaker keeps coming back to these words: effect, recording, shirt, students, twenty. This video has 28 sentences and 318 words to shadow. The speech runs for 2:12. The speaker talks at a steady 145 words per minute, a comfortable pace for shadowing. 86% of the words are among the 3,000 most common in English; the rest is worth studying before you start. 8 of its 28 sentences are questions, so it is good practice for question intonation and short answers.
Key vocabulary in this video
The 12 most advanced words in the video, with pronunciation and meaning:
| Word | Pronunciation | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| overestimate verb | /ˌəʊvəɹˈɛstɪmeɪt/ | To judge or calculate too highly. |
| embarrass verb | /ɪmˈbæɹəs/ | To disrupt someone's composure or comfort with acting publicly or freely. |
| encouragement noun | [ɪnˈkʌɹɪd͡ʒmənt] | The act of encouraging |
| psychologist noun | /ˌsaɪˈkɑl.ə.d͡ʒɪst/ | An expert in the field of psychology. |
| pupil noun | /ˈpjuːpəl/ | A learner at a school under the supervision of a teacher. |
| spill verb | /spɪl/ | To drop something so that it spreads out or makes a mess; to accidentally pour. |
| spotlight noun | /ˈspɒtˌlaɪt/ | A bright, directional light or lamp, especially one used to illuminate the focus or center of attention on a stage. |
| stare verb | /stɛɚ/ | To look fixedly (at something). |
| researcher noun | /ˈɹiˌsɝ.t͡ʃɚ/ | One who researches. |
| colleague noun | /ˈkɒliːɡ/ | A fellow member of a profession, staff, academic faculty or other organization; an associate, a workmate. |
| expectation noun | /ˌɛk.spɛkˈteɪ.ʃən/ | The act or state of expecting or looking forward to an event as about to happen. |
| youngest adjective | /ˈjʌŋ.ɡɪst/ | Most recently begun or formed. |
이 영상의 문법
화자가 가장 많이 쓰는 문형을 영상 속 실제 표현과 함께 정리했습니다.
| 문형 | 영상 속 표현 |
|---|---|
| 현재완료 have/has + 과거분사 — 과거의 일이 지금도 관련이 있을 때 | have found · have just heard |
| 수동태 be + 과거분사 — 누가 하는지보다 무슨 일이 일어나는지에 초점 | had been chosen · are based |
Pronunciation to watch
- Long words — get the stress right: overestimate /ˌəʊvəɹˈɛstɪmeɪt/, encouragement [ɪnˈkʌɹɪd͡ʒmənt], psychologist /ˌsaɪˈkɑl.ə.d͡ʒɪst/, expectation /ˌɛk.spɛkˈteɪ.ʃən/
How to practise with this video
- Listen to the whole video once without speaking and note the words you do not know.
- Shadow it sentence by sentence at normal speed, repeating each one until your rhythm matches the speaker.
- Record yourself and compare with the original, paying attention to words like overestimate, embarrass, encouragement.
쉐도잉이란? 영어 실력을 빠르게 키우는 과학적 방법
쉐도잉(Shadowing)은 원래 전문 통역사 훈련을 위해 개발된 언어 학습 기법으로, 다언어 학자인 Dr. Alexander Arguelles에 의해 대중화된 방법입니다. 핵심 원리는 간단하지만 매우 강력합니다: 원어민의 영어를 들으면서 1~2초의 짧은 지연으로 즉시 소리 내어 따라 말하는 것——마치 '그림자(shadow)'처럼 화자를 따라가는 것입니다. 문법 공부나 수동적인 청취와 달리, 쉐도잉은 뇌와 입 근육이 동시에 실시간으로 영어를 처리하고 재현하도록 훈련합니다. 연구에 따르면 이 방법은 발음 정확도, 억양, 리듬, 연음, 청취력, 말하기 유창성을 크게 향상시킵니다. IELTS 스피킹 준비와 자연스러운 영어 소통을 원하는 분들에게 특히 효과적입니다.