쉐도잉 연습: Cambridge 15 listening (Test-1) (Part-3) - YouTube로 영어 말하기 배우기
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Part 3.
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Part 3.
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You will hear two psychology students discussing the effects of the order in which the children in a family are born.
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First, you have some time to look at questions 21 to 26.
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Now listen carefully and answer questions 21 to 26.
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Ed, how are you getting on with the reading for our presentation next week?
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Well, OK, Ruth, but there's so much of it.
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I know.
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I hadn't realised birth order was such a popular area of research.
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But the stuff on birth order and personality is mostly unreliable.
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From what I've been reading, a lot of the claims about how your position in the family determines certain personality traits are just stereotypes,
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with no robust evidence to support them.
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OK, but that's an interesting point.
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Right.
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We could start by outlining what previous research has shown.
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There are studies going back over a hundred years.
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Yeah.
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So we could just run through some of the typical traits.
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Like the consensus seems to be that oldest children are generally less well-adjusted
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because they never get over the arrival of a younger sibling.
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Right.
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But on a positive note, some studies claim that they were thought to be good at nurturing.
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Certainly in the past, when people had large families, they would have been expected to look after the younger ones.
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There isn't such a clear picture for middle children, but one trait that a lot of the studies mention is
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that they are easier to get on with than older or younger siblings.
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Generally eager to please and helpful, although that's certainly not accurate as far as my family goes.
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My middle brother was a nightmare, always causing fights and envious of whatever I had.
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As I said, none of this seems to relate to my own experience.
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I'm the youngest in my family and I don't recognise myself in any of the studies I've read about.
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I'm supposed to have been a sociable and confident child who made friends easily, but I was actually terribly shy.
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Really?
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That's funny.
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There have been hundreds of studies on twins, but mostly about nurture versus nature.
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There was one on personality which said that a twin is likely to be quite shy in social situations,
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because they always have their twin around to depend on for support.
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My cousins were like that when they were small.
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They were only interested in each other and found it hard to engage with other kids.
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They're fine now, though.
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Only children have had a really bad press.
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A lot of studies have branded them as loners, who think the world revolves around them because they've never had to fight for their parents' attention.
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That does seem a bit harsh.
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One category I hadn't considered before was children with much older siblings.
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A couple of studies mention that these children grow up more quickly and are expected to do basic things for themselves, like getting dressed.
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I can see how that might be true, although I expect they're sometimes the exact opposite, playing the baby role and clamouring for special treatment.
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Before you hear the rest of the discussion, you have some time to look at questions 27 to 30.
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Now listen and answer questions 27 to 30.
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What was the problem with most of these studies, do you think?
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I think it was because, in a lot of cases, data was collected from only one sibling per family,
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who rated him or herself and his or her siblings at the same time.
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Hmm.
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Some of the old research into the relationship between birth order and academic achievement has been proved to be accurate, though.
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Performances in intelligence tests declined slightly from the eldest child to his or her younger siblings.
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This has been proved in lots of recent studies.
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Yes, although what many of them didn't take into consideration was family size.
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The more siblings there are, the likelier the family is to have a low socioeconomic status,
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which can also account for differences between siblings in academic performance.
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The oldest boy might be given more opportunities than his younger sisters, for example.
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Exactly.
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But the main reason for the marginally higher academic performance of oldest children is quite surprising, I think.
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It's not only that they benefit intellectually from extra attention at a young age, which is what I would have expected,
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it's that they benefit from being teachers for their younger siblings by verbalising processes.
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Right.
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And this gives them status and confidence, which again contributes in a small way to better performance.
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So would you say sibling rivalry has been a useful thing for you?
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I think so.
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My younger brother was incredibly annoying and we fought a lot but I think this has made me a stronger person.
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I know how to defend myself.
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We had some terrible arguments and I would have died rather than apologise to him.
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But we had to put up with each other and most of the time we co-existed amicably enough.
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Yes, my situation was pretty similar.
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But I don't think having two older brothers made me any less selfish.
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I was never prepared to let my brothers use any of my stuff.
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That's perfectly normal, whereas sometimes...
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That is the end of part three.
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You now have 30 seconds to check your answers to part three.
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Thank you.
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영어 회화 연습을 위한 유용한 대화 분석
이 비디오는 두 명의 심리학 학생이 가족 내 출생 순서가 인성에 미치는 영향에 대해 논의하는 내용입니다. 일상적인 학업 토론에서 자주 사용되는 표현과 논리적인 대화 구조를 배울 수 있어, 유튜브 영어 공부에 적합한 자료입니다. 특히 출생 순서와 관련된 다양한 연구 결과를 토론하면서 나타나는 표현은 실제 회화에서 유용하게 활용할 수 있습니다.
일상 대화에 쓸 수 있는 상위 5개 표현
- get on with: "어떻게 진행되고 있나요?"라는 뜻으로, 학업이나 작업의 진행 상황을 묻을 때 사용합니다. 예: "How are you getting on with your project?"
- run through: "간단히 소개하다" 또는 "검토하다"는 뜻입니다. 예: "Let's run through the main points before the presentation."
- eager to please: "누군가를 기쁘게 하려고 열심히 하는" 의미로, 인성 설명에 자주 사용됩니다. 예: "She's always eager to please her teachers."
- brand as: "~로 규정하다" 또는 "~로 표시하다"는 뜻입니다. 예: "Some studies brand only children as loners."
- clamour for: "열심히 요구하다" 또는 "간청하다"는 뜻입니다. 예: "The kids are clamouring for a new toy."
쉐도잉 연습 가이드: 이 비디오를 활용한 방법
이 대화는 중간 수준의 영어 학습자에게 적합하며, 논리적인 토론 구조와 다양한 어휘가 포함되어 있습니다. 쉐도잉을 하기 위해 다음 단계를 따라해 보세요:
- 청취 이해: 먼저 비디오를 2-3번 듣고 전체 내용을 파악합니다. 출생 순서와 인성의 관계에 대해 논의되는 점을 중점으로 봅니다.
- 표현 추출: 위에서 소개한 표현 외에도 "robust evidence", "nurture versus nature" 등의 어휘를 적어둡니다. 이를 반복하여 발음과 억양을 연습합니다.
- 따라 말하기: 비디오를 재생하면서 1-2초 지연시켜 따라 말합니다. 학생들의 자연스러운 말투와 패턴을 모방하며, "I can see how that might be true"와 같은 구문의 리듬을 익힙니다.
- 논리 구조 분석: 대화에서 주장과 반론, 예시가 어떻게 연결되는지 살펴봅니다. 이를 통해 영어 회화에서 논리적으로 말하는 방법을 배울 수 있습니다.
이와 같은 방법으로 쉐도잉을 연습하면, 유튜브 영어 공부를 효과적으로 할 수 있으며, 실제 회화에서도 자신감을 갖게 됩니다. shadowspeak 또는 쉐도잉 사이트를 활용하여 추가 연습을 하면 더 좋은 결과를 얻을 수 있습니다.
쉐도잉이란? 영어 실력을 빠르게 키우는 과학적 방법
쉐도잉(Shadowing)은 원래 전문 통역사 훈련을 위해 개발된 언어 학습 기법으로, 다언어 학자인 Dr. Alexander Arguelles에 의해 대중화된 방법입니다. 핵심 원리는 간단하지만 매우 강력합니다: 원어민의 영어를 들으면서 1~2초의 짧은 지연으로 즉시 소리 내어 따라 말하는 것——마치 '그림자(shadow)'처럼 화자를 따라가는 것입니다. 문법 공부나 수동적인 청취와 달리, 쉐도잉은 뇌와 입 근육이 동시에 실시간으로 영어를 처리하고 재현하도록 훈련합니다. 연구에 따르면 이 방법은 발음 정확도, 억양, 리듬, 연음, 청취력, 말하기 유창성을 크게 향상시킵니다. IELTS 스피킹 준비와 자연스러운 영어 소통을 원하는 분들에게 특히 효과적입니다.