쉐도잉 연습: Every Level of Engineering in 15 Minutes - 영상으로 영어 말하기 배우기

연습 모드 선택

각 모드는 전체 화면 연습실로 열립니다.

201 문장

문장이 너무 짧거나 길면 Edit를 눌러 조정하세요.

40 versus 400,000.

Same degree, different title.

Now, you know as well as I do that engineers make good money.

But believe me when I tell you there are levels to this.

Some are drowning in student debt, living paycheck to paycheck.

Some are barely pushing over the average salary.

And some make millions a year on top of more equity than you and I would know what to do with.

So today, we're going to lay out the rewards and responsibilities for each rung of the engineering career ladder, starting with a broke student at level zero,

going all the way up to one of one multi-millionaire CTOs.

And as always, we're giving you a real engineer's perspective on what this journey actually looks like, what you earn, what you do,

in my experience, on just how hard it is to move up.

And on that note, I'm willing to bet that you can't answer these two simple questions about engineering.

Fewer than 38% of my viewers got them both right.

Question one, what is the most common first job title for engineering graduates?

And two, how much can a principal engineer make at a top tech company?

Hold on to your answers, we'll come back to them.

Now let's get right into it.

I'm Engineer Joe, welcome to Engineering Insiders.

We start today with level zero, a student.

The bottom rung starts with a young engineer living in a dorm,

microwaving ramen, slamming caffeine, and desperately trying to figure out how to solve a three-page triple integral without going insane.

This is the standard night as an undergraduate, or at least it was for me.

Very broke, thousands of dollars in debt, struggling through late-night homework and labs, and killing time with friends in the dorms.

A simple life, one without many responsibilities besides passing your classes.

Now, these students don't even know what they're gonna have for breakfast tomorrow, let alone if they'll be in that minority that actually end up graduating with an engineering degree.

But they do know that they are dirt broke.

Most students didn't have jobs, but I worked at a few restaurants and then became a tutor to make a few bucks during my undergrad.

But I, like many other students, was thrown deep into debt.

In this tough but exciting stage of the ladder, the average American student is about $29,000 in debt.

But what do they have to show for their hard work and monstrous debt?

Well, most students don't make much money, if any.

So the rewards of this stage come with progressing through school, passing crazy hard classes, and building out their resumes.

Not necessarily monetary income.

But do you know what our undergrad saving grace is?

Internships!

Which brings us up to level 1, an engineering intern.

Our students growing up fast and is already in a real world engineering firm.

But do interns actually have real responsibilities or do they just grab coffee for other engineers?

Also, how much do they make?

Now we'll get to the uneven intern salaries, but first our undergrad has to earn it.

The internship can be very meaningful, full of real, stakeholder-impacting engineering work like testing satellite hardware,

3D modeling robotic arms, or running thermal simulations on jet engines.

It also can be extremely disheartening, slow, and downright boring.

In my experience this has more to do with the stage of the company rather than anything else.

For example, I've had friends land internships with massive defense companies and have terrible times.

Only doing things like updating documentation, very minor firmware or software changes.

Basically just following around other engineers and asking, begging for things to do.

On the other hand, if you join a startup, there will be no shortage of tasks.

Everyone is basically working five different jobs at once, and you could be doing real design engineering on very key facets of the company.

And real quick, a reminder to subscribe if you learn anything in this video.

It's free and really helps us out.

Thank you for your time.

Now the reward here is the experience you gain

that ultimately aids you in the quest of landing a full-time position later down the road.

But some internships can pay pretty freaking well, with the lowest coming in at $9,000 over a summer and the highest over $24,000 in the same summer.

Now just like our student, most of this money is spent on rent and other day-to-day expenses.

Maybe our engineer has a little bit of savings, but that student loan is pretty much still the exact same.

But I think our engineer has something up his sleeve.

Now he has some real world work experience, understand how the industry works a little bit, and has now graduated and is ready to take on a full-time role,

coming up on level two of today's ladder.

Which brings us right back to the first question I asked earlier.

What do we think is the most popular title after graduation?

The correct answer is C, an engineering intern, which 77% of my audience answered correctly, so good job to all of you.

If you're hired at a company with good company culture, you can find yourself in sports leagues with your coworkers, meeting a ton of cool new people and not really having much stress on your shoulders.

You're being introduced to one or two projects

and slowly starting to make impacts on testing new versions of products

or doing some of the more repetitive tasks that higher level engineers shouldn't waste their time on.

And oh yeah, you're getting paid.

Here's a few salaries for entry level engineers.

Not a bad deal in my opinion.

Personally, I started out with 80k salary right out of my

electrical engineering degree with a few healthy bonuses to sweeten the deal.

But this honeymoon phase does not last forever.

Before you know it, you're gaining responsibilities, starting to work late when deadlines are looming and actually being relied on to produce results.

Ugh!

All jokes aside, it is honestly very rewarding to gain responsibilities and be genuinely helpful to your project and team.

But naturally, with more With more responsibilities comes a new level of our career ladder.

Level 3 usually comes about the time you see an entire project from start to finish.

Anywhere between a year and like three years in, you'll start pushing to become a mid-level engineer.

Which by the way in the industry is usually just called level 2 engineer, but that doesn't fit the levels I laid out so ignore that.

Now this is the level where things get more real.

There's no hand holding and you're expected to start taking ownership of entire subsystems or projects more junior engineering.

You're now making impactful decisions, reviewing the work of interns and pushing the project forward even if no one tells you exactly how.

This freedom can be stressful but ultimately is pretty fun to work around.

Now depending on your company and performance, this is the phase where you start owning features or landing design reviews.

It's not uncommon to start mentoring interns or newer hires at this point too.

And guess what?

The pay bump reflects that added responsibility.

Now this is where I'm currently at in my career, landing code in our company repository, designing electronics boards with tight deadlines,

planning and executing entire test campaigns for satellite hardware, and mentoring interns on their tasks, results, and direction.

And honestly, I'm enjoying it.

Now engineers can stay in the stage for some two to five more years and then start pushing for level four, senior engineering, one of the most flexible,

respected, and well-paid roles in the industry.

But real quick, here's what I'm going to do for you.

If you have any questions you want to ask me, check out our discord.

I'm frequently in there, but no one really takes me up on this.

I started this channel to help students and I want to connect with more of you.

So hop in our discord, ask a question in general, and I'll get back to you.

Now that's all.

100

Let's get back to the video.

101

And we're at level four senior engineering.

102

By this point, you've been in the industry for around five to eight years and people know who you are.

103

You've shipped products, led critical efforts, and handled those Friday night emergencies that somehow always happen right before launch.

104

You're not just building anymore, you're guiding.

105

The senior engineers around me start to influence company direction, make calls on our satellite specs, make multi-million dollar design decisions, and negotiate product terms with vendors.

106

And in many organizations, they're invited to early product meetings, budgeting sessions, or even patent discussions.

107

And boy, are they paid for it.

108

But all this comes at a cost.

109

Your hairline, er, I mean your stress level.

110

You are now measured by how well you lead others, de-risk projects, and influence results.

111

It's not a small responsibility.

112

And some engineers plateau here forever.

113

Which honestly isn't a bad thing.

114

Senior roles offer excellent pay, autonomy, and flexibility.

115

If you're happy staying hands-on, you can ride this role for decades.

116

But if you're not satisfied here, it doesn't end.

117

The next big leap is becoming someone who defines architecture, strategy, and long-term company vision.

118

This would be a lead or staff engineer.

119

At this point, you can be anywhere from 8 to 20 years into your career.

120

You're trusted and respected, and you're basically the person your co-workers come to when everything is on fire.

121

And by the way, the titles can vary.

122

It can be lead engineer, staff engineer, technical specialist, or even distinguished in some companies.

123

But the essence is the same.

124

You are driving major decisions and systems.

125

You can picture it like this.

126

If a senior engineer is responsible for thermal regulation of of a battery system in a car,

127

staff engineers could be responsible for the thermal regulation for the entire vehicle across HVAC, battery, and software teams.

128

And a key note that at this stage, we start to see a larger fan out of engineering expertise.

129

Let me explain.

130

In senior engineering and below, most engineers are very successful living in a single vertical.

131

But once you reach staff engineering and beyond, you're required to pull from a wider range of knowledge, which only comes from years of studying and expertise.

132

And another thing, this role can be pretty lonely.

133

You might be the only staff engineer in your entire org chart, helping chart the future while still keeping a keen eye over the trenches.

134

But this high responsibility definitely comes with a worthwhile salary.

135

And if you think that's nice, just wait until you see what happens when you start managing people, budgets, and entire engineering organizations.

136

What I'm referring to is level six, engineering management, which to me is similar to level five, but they're really just a divergence in career paths.

137

You see, around the senior-ish engineer level, you'll face a fork in the road.

138

Do you want to more deeply develop your engineering skills or do you want to start developing your management skills,

139

working less in the lab and more in meetings and with people?

140

Now, this engineering management really does have levels in itself, but for the sake of the video, We're averaging it all into one.

141

But what do they do?

142

Well, they hire, onboard, retain talent, resolve conflicts, conduct performance reviews, career development plans, one-on-ones, and a whole lot more things.

143

Which, if you're a people's person and believe in the company, you might really enjoy.

144

And if you're not, well, then you can take the technical depth route.

145

But in case you are interested, here are the salaries.

146

Now, do you remember our second question regarding principal engineering salaries?

147

It's about time to see if you answered correctly, like 49% of my audience did.

148

And on principal engineers, they're different.

149

They define the principles behind engineering products.

150

It's actually pretty funny.

151

At one of my previous companies, they had very actionable bullet points for literally every type of engineer, like massive paragraphs describing what you have to do to become that level,

152

but when you got to staff engineer, the highest level, it doesn't say anything at all except requirements to be determined on a case-by-case basis.

153

And in case that doesn't make it super clear, these engineers are rare.

154

They're the top 1% of technical individual contributors in most companies.

155

And you might guess there's probably only going to be one principal engineer per department or none at all.

156

We're talking company will literally wither if you leave level of engineer.

157

These are engineers who don't manage people, but somehow guide entire organizations.

158

They define the architecture, not just for one product, but for the future of the company's technology.

159

If senior engineers are expected to own features and staff engineers own systems, engineers own outcomes across disciplines, across timelines.

160

So how much do they make?

161

If you guessed a lot, you'd be right.

162

But how much can a principal engineer at a top tech company make?

163

Now, if you guessed C, $600,000 a year or more, then you'd be right.

164

Now remember, this is just salary, not equity, bonuses, equity, perks,

165

or the massive and generational amounts of company equity that these engineers bring home.

166

Now you might be thinking, how could there possibly be another level?

167

He just mentioned equity three freaking times.

168

But buckle up, there are two more, the first of which being Vice President of Engineering or in smaller organizations, Director of Engineering.

169

This is where you're not just managing engineers, you're managing entire departments.

170

You've probably got managers reporting to you and they've got managers and engineers under them.

171

We are talking Steve Wozniak magnitude of engineer here.

172

You're setting roadmaps, defining long-term goals, balancing technical debt against business urgency,

173

and making calls that affect hundreds or thousands of people and tens or hundreds of millions of dollars, if not more.

174

To make it clear, this role is very far removed from how do we solve this bug and much,

175

much closer to how do we scale the company from 50 to 500 engineers without breaking everything.

176

You will still be deeply technical, but your workday is likely full of budget planning, cross-functional alignment, hiring strategies, and high-level performance reviews.

177

And depending on the industry and company stage, directors and VPs can easily make $300,000 to $700,000 or more a year.

178

And I don't know if you saw the news, but if you're the leading AI engineer in the world, you could make $100 million freaking dollars with a sign-on bonus, which is, by the way,

179

the largest engineering poach of all time.

180

Now it's time for the final boss.

181

You've been a staff, principal, or director for a number of years and want to be a major executive or start your own startup.

182

What does that look like?

183

Well, only about .0001% of people in the world can answer that question truthfully, but I do know that it doesn't involve a lot of sleep.

184

At this point, if you made it to the 110,000th percentile, you have a very deep knowledge of your technology and business space.

185

You also have a crazy intuition of what products are

186

or aren't worth delegating your hundreds or thousands of employees to work on.

187

The decisions you make will impact what markets the company enters, what products get built, how millions of dollars are spent every week,

188

and ultimately whether the company survives or dies.

189

But how much do you make?

190

This very much depends on what stage of company you're at and, well, if the company even survives.

191

Startup founders and CTOs might not make a ton of money right off the bat, but will have have more dollars in equity than drops of water in their infinity pools.

192

We're talking tens or hundreds of millions when the company decides to exit, but it's risky.

193

You could spend a decade building a company brick by brick for it to ultimately fall apart.

194

On the other hand, tech and big tech CTOs can make well a lot also with a lot of equity.

195

But where's the gamble in that?

196

Where's the fun?

197

Now you might have noticed we missed a very key point in this video.

198

Are these engineers actually happy?

199

Check out this video to find out.

200

And let me know which stage of engineering you're at in the comments below or join me in our discord, I'm happy to chat with you.

201

Now thanks for watching and happy engineering everybody!

앱 다운로드

유창하게 말하는 데 필요한 모든 것

AI 발음 평가문장마다 점수 확인

IPA 발음 연습모든 소리 마스터

단어 학습나만의 단어장 만들기

단어 게임놀면서 외우기

QR 스캔

Download on theApp Store Get it onGoogle Play

✨ 추천 영상

278 문장

Do Elite Degrees Still Matter In The AI Era? | Jamie Beaton from Crimson Education | EP 410

Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults

232 문장

9 Boring Habits That Will Put You Ahead of 99% of People

Business EnglishDaily ConversationUniversity Students

이 레슨의 어휘와 말하기 포인트

이 B2 수준 말하기 레슨은 영상 “Every Level of Engineering in 15 Minutes”을(를) 바탕으로 합니다. 가장 자주 반복되는 단어는 다음과 같습니다: engineer, engineering, student. 이 영상에는 섀도잉할 문장 201개와 단어 2799개가 있습니다. 말하는 구간의 길이는 15:35입니다. 화자는 분당 약 180단어로 빠르게 말하므로 연음과 약하게 발음되는 소리가 많습니다. 단어의 84%가 영어에서 가장 많이 쓰이는 3,000단어에 속합니다. 나머지는 연습 전에 미리 확인해 두세요.

이 영상의 핵심 어휘

영상에서 가장 어려운 단어 15개를 발음, 뜻과 함께 정리했습니다.

단어	발음	뜻
intern 명사	/ˈɪntɝn/	인턴, 실습생
ladder 명사	/ˈlæd.ɚ/	사다리, 사닥다리
discord 명사	/ˈdɪskɔɹd/	불협화음, 부조화
mentor 명사	/ˈmɛn.tɔː/	멘토
deadline 명사	/ˈdɛdˌlaɪn/	마감, 데드라인
dormitory 명사	/ˈdɔɹ.mɪˌtɔɹ.i/	침실
spectacles 명사	/ˈspɛktəkl̩z/	안경
buckle 명사	/ˈbʌkəl/	버클, 솔기
intuition 명사	/ˌɪn.tjuːˈɪʃ.ən/	직관, 직감
plateau 명사	/plæˈtoʊ/	고원
tutor 명사	/ˈtjuːtəː/	튜터
caffeine 명사	/ˈkæfiːn/	카페인
honeymoon 명사	/ˈhʌn.iˌmuːn/	밀월, 신혼
drown 동사	/dɹaʊn/	물에 뼈져 죽다
trench 명사	/ˈtɹɛnt͡ʃ/	참호, 트렌치

따라 말해 볼 만한 문장

영상에 나오는 짧고 완결된 문장으로, 일상 대화에서 그대로 쓸 수 있습니다:

It's free and really helps us out.
What do we think is the most popular title after graduation?
Let's get back to the video.
You're not just building anymore, you're guiding.
If you guessed a lot, you'd be right.

이 영상의 문법

화자가 가장 많이 쓰는 문형을 영상 속 실제 표현과 함께 정리했습니다.

문형	영상 속 표현
조건문 if + 절, will/would + 동사 — 조건과 그 결과	if you join a startup, there will be · If you guessed a lot, you'd be
수동태 be + 과거분사 — 누가 하는지보다 무슨 일이 일어나는지에 초점	was thrown · is spent · being introduced
현재완료 have/has + 과거분사 — 과거의 일이 지금도 관련이 있을 때	I've had · has now graduated · you've been
관계절 who / which + 절 — 사람이나 사물에 대한 추가 정보	someone who defines · bonus, which is

주의할 발음

화자는 you're, I'm, we're 같은 축약형과 약화된 형태를 69번 사용합니다. 들리는 대로 짧게 발음하세요.

“th” 소리: thermal /ˈθɜːməl/, worthwhile /ˌwɜː(ɹ)θˈwaɪl/
“sh”와 “zh” 소리: internship /ˈɪntɜːnʃɪp/, actionable /ˈæk.ʃə.nə.bəl/, intuition /ˌɪn.tjuːˈɪʃ.ən/, distinguish /dɪˈstɪŋ.ɡwɪʃ/, shortage /ˈʃɔː(ɹ)tɪd͡ʒ/
긴 단어 — 강세 위치에 주의: actionable /ˈæk.ʃə.nə.bəl/, dormitory /ˈdɔɹ.mɪˌtɔɹ.i/, intuition /ˌɪn.tjuːˈɪʃ.ən/, repetitive /ɹɪˈpɛtɪtɪv/, contributor /kənˈtɹɪb.jə.tɚ/

한국어 화자가 어려워하는 소리:

/f/ — ㅍ(/p/)으로 바꾸지 말고 윗니를 아랫입술에 대기: caffeine /ˈkæfiːn/, infinity /ɪnˈfɪnɪti/, stressful /ˈstɹɛsfəl/, satisfy /ˈsætɪsfaɪ/, flexibility /ˌflɛksɪˈbɪlɪti/
/v/ — ㅂ(/b/)과 구별하기: uneven /ʌnˈivən/, repetitive /ɹɪˈpɛtɪtɪv/, viewer /ˈvju.ɚ/, vendor /ˈvɛn.dɚ/, sleeve /sliv/
/z/ — ㅈ이 아니라 성대를 울리는 /s/: expertise /ˌɛkspɜːˈtiːz/, spectacles /ˈspɛktəkl̩z/, resolve /ɹɪˈzɑlv/

이 영상으로 연습하는 방법

먼저 말하지 않고 영상을 끝까지 듣고 모르는 단어를 적어 둡니다.
0.75배속으로 한 문장씩 섀도잉을 시작하고, 익숙해지면 보통 속도로 돌아갑니다.
자신의 목소리를 녹음해 원본과 비교하고, intern, ladder, discord 같은 단어에 특히 주의합니다.

쉐도잉이란? 영어 실력을 빠르게 키우는 과학적 방법

쉐도잉(Shadowing)은 원래 전문 통역사 훈련을 위해 개발된 언어 학습 기법으로, 다언어 학자인 Dr. Alexander Arguelles에 의해 대중화된 방법입니다. 핵심 원리는 간단하지만 매우 강력합니다: 원어민의 영어를 들으면서 1~2초의 짧은 지연으로 즉시 소리 내어 따라 말하는 것——마치 '그림자(shadow)'처럼 화자를 따라가는 것입니다. 문법 공부나 수동적인 청취와 달리, 쉐도잉은 뇌와 입 근육이 동시에 실시간으로 영어를 처리하고 재현하도록 훈련합니다. 연구에 따르면 이 방법은 발음 정확도, 억양, 리듬, 연음, 청취력, 말하기 유창성을 크게 향상시킵니다. IELTS 스피킹 준비와 자연스러운 영어 소통을 원하는 분들에게 특히 효과적입니다.

섀도잉 방법: 단계별 전체 가이드 읽기 →

쉐도잉 연습: Every Level of Engineering in 15 Minutes - 영상으로 영어 말하기 배우기

연습 모드 선택

앱 다운로드

Fastest way to become an AI Engineer in 2026

【English Podcast】Is a College Degree Still Worth It? — 4 Things to Consider

Engineer's tool list

Sales Engineer Career Video

ENGLISH SPEECH | VICKY KAUSHAL: From Engineering to Acting (English Subtitles)

What's Under Your Feet in New York City?

Elon Musk on Education

Day In my Life as a Software Engineering Intern at Google

Here's Why Mechanical Engineering Is A Great Degree

Why Gen Z Can't Find Jobs