쉐도잉 연습: How porn completely changes your brain - YouTube로 영어 말하기 배우기
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Pornography use has increased every year since 1998.
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Pornography use has increased every year since 1998.
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Pornhub website visits have increased 11.6% since the pandemic,
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making Pornhub the fourth most visited website next to Google, Facebook, and YouTube.
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Maybe even more shockingly, when you put all porn websites together,
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they get more visits than Twitter, Amazon, and Netflix combined.
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At the same time, since the 1990s,
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there's been an increase in male erectile dysfunction,
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leading to what some researchers are calling is a crisis in male sexuality.
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Is male erectile dysfunction and pornography use linked?
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A recent study found that 82% of people who tried to quit watching pornography failed.
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So what is porn doing to your brain?
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Is it making young men unable to get hard?
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And how can you tell if you or someone you know has a problem with porn?
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Today we're gonna learn about the updated science on pornography use.
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It's honestly intense.
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Wanting to watch porn is related to dopamine,
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a molecule you've heard a lot about here at ASAP Science
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as it's involved with you physiologically craving the things you need to survive,
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like money, food, love, friendship,
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but importantly in the case of porn,
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the molecule is involved with our physiological craving of novel experiences and sex.
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The thing about scrolling porn websites is you're constantly looking at novel videos about sexual stimulation,
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and this really impacts your meso-lymbic dopamine system.
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Keeping tabs open
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and scrolling porn sites actually physically changes the ventral striatum of your brain with two studies finding
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that your ventral striatum physically grows due to watching porn websites.
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And it is this physical change in your brain
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that can over time make it harder for you to restrain from watching porn and even succumbing to dopamine cravings in general.
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Essentially watching new novel sexual porn videos on websites is such an intense stimulus for your brain that it changes neural connections.
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The areas in your brain that end up affected by watching porn are related to reward processing,
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decision making, and emotional regulation.
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One study found higher amounts of porn use is associated with preferring short-term gains over long-term gains.
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While other studies show that the change in brain shape from increased porn consumption can lead to irritability,
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depression, and lower self-esteem.
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A lot of these physiological responses in your brain might lead you to think that pornography is addictive,
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but that's still quite a controversial term within the science community.
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Right now, something known as problematic porn use is considered an impulse control disorder,
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but pornography addiction does not have a standalone diagnosis.
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So how can you tell if you or someone you know has problematic porn use?
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Here is a clear list.
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Salience, you place pornography watching of high importance in your life.
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Maybe you stay up extra late to watch it or find that you are prioritizing porn over sleep,
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hanging out with friends or doing your work.
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Mood modification, you use pornography to deal with negative emotions.
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Tolerance, you gradually seem to need more and more pornography to feel satisfaction
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or are watching more extreme pornographic imagery in order to feel satisfied.
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Conflict, you have intra or interpersonal problems due to your pornography use.
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Withdrawal, you feel psychological distress or withdrawal symptoms in the absence of pornography use.
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And relapse, you experience unsuccessful efforts to reduce or stop pornography use.
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In the general population of Australia,
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North America, and Europe, approximately 70 to 94% of adults report lifetime pornography use.
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Another study listed the countries with the highest number of people with problematic porn use,
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which was Brazil at number five,
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number four was Turkey, number three was Malaysia,
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number two was China, and number one was Taiwan.
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The thing is that in these studies,
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you need to self-identify as having problematic porn use in order to show up in the research.
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Many people probably have it,
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don't want to admit it,
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and even in these studies,
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the results could be skewed.
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One study found that in general,
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seven percent of porn users feel they have a problem or self-proclaim that they are quote unquote addicted,
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but as high as 32% in another study admitted that they wanted help with their pornography use.
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Now, when it comes to pornography use and erectile dysfunction,
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the new science coming in right now is fascinating.
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In recent years, there has been a sharp increase in the prevalence of erectile dysfunction
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and low sexual desire in men under the age of 40.
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In a study conducted in Europe in 1999,
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the erectile dysfunction and low sexual desire rate was 5%.
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In 2011, ED rates increased to 14 to 28%.
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Another survey of men under 40 in the US found that 34% claimed to have ED or low sexual desire.
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This has led some researchers to trace the pattern of increased
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erectile dysfunction to the increase in pornography access we have had since the 1990s.
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One paper from 2015 found erectile problems may occur
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when real-life sexual stimulation does not match the broad visual sexual stimuli of online pornography.
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In other words, because porn is so prevalent and people might be using it as their main source of sexual stimuli,
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when they're in the bedroom with someone else,
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they have a harder time maintaining arousal or staying erect because it's not matching what they're used to doing.
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A study in China found early porn use was associated with changes in reproductive hormone levels and semen quality.
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Of course, there could be other reasons for the increase in male erectile dysfunction,
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stress, world issues, even social media access online,
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but researchers are not ruling out the trend of increased porn consumption as having an impact on increased male erectile dysfunction.
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Now, when it comes to having problematic porn use,
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it's important that you understand that you or the person you know who has it,
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it's not your fault.
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Pornography is considered a super normal stimulus and it's new for our brains to have to deal with looking at this content,
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let alone being on Instagram where you're being fed soft core porn like all the time.
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We are in an unprecedented time for sexual content on our phones,
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through social media, and our brains have not adapted to deal with this type of stimulation.
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In some cases, studies found porn consumption is used to deal with depressive symptoms,
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loneliness, or even a fear of death.
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That being said, the increased porn use didn't help these symptoms and ended up negatively affecting people's emotional moods.
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Three studies I read were on the psychological effects of increased porn use.
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It can lead to low mood,
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depression, decreased self-esteem, and in extreme cases, decreases in appetite.
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People with problematic porn use had increased rates of general anxiety,
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psychological distress, and decreased bonding with family.
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It's also important to reflect on when you started to watch porn because the younger you were watching porn,
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the more impact it has on your brain and the harder it can be to stop watching porn.
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So what can you do to deal with this?
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One thing that's really important is to not blame yourself.
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Again, this is a technological issue.
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In fact, when you feel guilty about porn use,
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it can backfire and make you actually consume porn more often.
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One study on moral incongruence found
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that being religious is a better predictor of porn-related problems than the actual amount of porn you are watching.
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This is because of guilt.
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The guilt of being religious and watching porn may actually lead you to seek it out.
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Guilt or forced abstinence creates a reward prediction error where your brain has a hard time not focusing on not watching porn,
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which in a backwards way makes you think about it more.
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Intrusive negative thoughts can actually end up leading to arousal.
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The clearest way I found to deal with your porn use was from a study using a diagram with these three words.
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Liking, wanting, and needing.
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Ideally, when viewing porn, you want to like it.
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When the dopamine system in your brain starts to lean towards the area of wanting it,
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or in extreme cases, needing it,
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this is when you may need to seek help.
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Another study on porn use found that the more people watched it,
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the less they actually liked it.
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This makes sense when looking at the diagram from this study.
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When you get towards wanting or needing porn,
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the reward strength actually decreases.
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Most of these studies talk about the importance of cognitive behavioral therapy.
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So if you feel like in your life,
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you're getting to the point where you are wanting porn or needing porn,
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then that's when you might need to seek out mental professional help.
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There is a lot of studies coming out about this right now.
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We're in unprecedented technological times as we've talked about for pornography access and use.
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Share this video.
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It might be an awkward share,
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but share it with anyone who you think might be struggling with problematic porn use.
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And make sure you're subscribed for more science videos.
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We will continue to update you on the science as it comes in.
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Like, subscribe, the classics, and we'll see you soon for a new video.
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I'll say peace.
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- Has increased: "Pornography use has increased every year since 1998." 이 구조는 현재완료 형태로, 어떤 일이 과거부터 현재까지 계속되고 있음을 나타냅니다. 일상 대화에서도 자주 활용되므로 익혀두면 좋습니다.
- Is linked: "Is male erectile dysfunction and pornography use linked?" 여기서는 'are'와 'is' 대신 'is linked'를 사용하여 두 가지 개념 간의 관계를 묻고 있습니다. 관계를 설명할 때 유용합니다.
- More than: "they get more visits than Twitter, Amazon, and Netflix combined." 이 표현은 비교를 통해 대상을 설명하는 데 효과적이며, 비즈니스 및 일상 대화에서도 많이 사용됩니다.
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- Dopamine: 'dopamine'의 발음은 영국식과 미국식에서 다르게 발음될 수 있으므로, 다양한 억양을 연구해보며 연습하는 것이 중요합니다.
- Duration of stress and tension: 이처럼 두 개 이상의 단어가 붙어 있을 때, 의미를 자연스럽게 전달하려면 연결 발음 연습이 필요합니다. 영어 발음 교정을 통해 이 부분을 개선할 수 있습니다.
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