쉐도잉 연습: Keep your brain from declining after age 30 - 영상으로 영어 말하기 배우기
레슨 만드는 중...
1
What you do with your body affects your brain.
2
And what you think with your brain also has an effect on the physiology of your body.
3
It works both ways.
4
People have known that experience can change the brain ever since it became known that the brain was the seat of consciousness, thought and experience.
5
The brain must undergo change to grow and to be plastic.
6
Memory tends to decrease with age because our brains, like the rest of our body tends to age and function does not continue the way it does when we're young.
7
One of the things that you can do to keep your brain happy and functioning well as you get older is to have a mentally engaged lifestyle.
8
Every single time you move your body you are giving your brain what I like to call a wonderful bubble bath of neurochemicals.
9
Those neurochemicals include dopamine serotonin noradrenaline endorphins.
10
Here's the good news: You don't have to be a marathon runner to get this, because even ten minutes of walking will start to give you immediate benefits in terms of decreasing anxiety levels, decreasing depression levels.
11
The longevity that comes with exercise, that's what everybody needs right now.
12
So there’s different kinds of cognitive and memory loss that occur with aging.
13
Certain kinds of memory loss, such as forgetting where your car keys are are part of the normal process of getting older.
14
And in fact, memory peaks surprisingly early at the age of 30 and then declines gradually with time.
15
If you forget where your glasses are, that's normal memory loss.
16
If you forget the fact that you wear glasses, that's dementia.
17
It's not well understood exactly what physically underlies this.
18
Although plausible candidates are loss of the brain's ability to form new connections or to easily modulate the weight of the connections between nerve cells, those are called synaptic weights.
19
And so those would be candidates for why the brain seems to be less plastic in certain ways as we get older.
20
You can look in the brains of people who, after death, are diagnosed as having Alzheimer's disease, and they have plaques and tangles that appear to be either the causes of cell death or perhaps the residue, the aftermath of cell death.
21
One of the best things you can do to keep your brain alive and healthy is simply improving blood flow to the brain.
22
Another major mechanism that's been suggested is the secretion of a signaling molecule called brain derived neurotrophic factor.
23
It's a factor that's made in the brain that causes neurons to grow.
24
And that factor has been demonstrated to improve plasticity in dendrites.
25
The idea that exercise, by triggering the secretion of BDNF, this neurotrophic factor, may lead to increased plasticity and improved brain function.
26
When challenged, we can do more.
27
And everyone knows this.
28
And in the absence of challenges we don't necessarily reach our full potential.
29
And the current goal is to try to find ways to stave off those cognitive losses by even a few years, because as we live longer, having a few years becomes very important.
30
The biggest problems are not so much with long-term memories, but really the short-term memories.
31
So we can remember our first kiss when we were in high school but we may not remember what we had for lunch.
32
And because we have shrinking of the brain brain cells actually start to function less efficiently and do die over time.
33
The connections between the brain cells diminish and the neurochemical transmitters seem to have problems.
34
So all of those kinds of physiological changes contribute to problems with memory as we age.
35
And what happens is that memory is basically stored in little neurochemical packets in the brain.
36
So they can be changed and our memories can deceive us very often.
37
It's actually possible to improve our memory ability with relatively simple strategies and techniques.
38
I often recommend that people find things that they prefer personally.
39
Things that are mentally challenging but not too difficult.
40
So the point is to train but not strain the brain.
41
Whether it's crossword puzzles, learning languages, playing musical instruments.
42
It's important to try out different things and do what works for you and what's enjoyable.
43
Here’s why there's hope for everybody and that is the principle of brain plasticity.
44
Brain plasticity is this idea that the brain has an extraordinary capacity to change or modify its wiring based on the environment that you put the brain in, including the physical environment.
45
Are you walking a lot?
46
Are you running?
47
Are you keeping yourself physically active?
48
These result in what I call positive brain plasticity.
49
What is the difference between a sedentary brain and an active brain of a runner?
50
Well, the runner's brain has higher levels of dopamine and serotonin boosted every single time that runner goes for a run.
51
It elevates general mood state.
52
Studies that I did in my lab showed that people that went to three months of spin class had overall higher mood states than people for three months who played video Scrabble.
53
Those people in the exercise group also have much more growth factors going through their brain.
54
I like to think of it like a watering can of growth factors all up and down your hippocampi.
55
What's happening?
56
They’re growing, popping shiny new hippocampal cells and they're making their prefrontal cortex work better.
57
But again, everything is fluid with brain plasticity.
58
Even if you've been sedentary all your life, you can start moving towards what I like to call bigger, fatter, fluffier and happier brain with just ten minutes of walking.
59
We found the same kind of benefits.
60
Better mood, decreased anxiety, depression levels and better focus.
61
Physical activity is the most transformative thing that you could do, not only for your body but for your brain as well.
📺 같은 채널
C148
What science can’t answer, according to physicist Jim Al-Khalili | Big Think
IELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students
C11
Why successful people set habits, not just goals | Wendy Wood
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C12
Hit peak performance with the power of habit | Wendy Wood
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C12
What if quantum physics could eradicate illness? | Jim Al-Khalili for Big Think
IELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students
C13
Your genes affect your education. Here’s why that’s controversial. | Kathryn Paige Harden
IELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students
C15
Einstein’s beef with quantum physics, explained | Jim Al-Khalili for Big Think
IELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students
C11
Cornel West: How Intellectuals Betrayed the Poor | Big Think
IELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students
C13
A mind-blowing explanation of symmetry | Frank Wilczek for Big Think
IELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students
C12
How Einstein changed time forever | Jim Al-Khalili for Big Think
IELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students
B23
How do elite performers automate their habits? | Wendy Wood
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B21
Why softness beats stress | Giulia Enders
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B23
Who decides what is socially “normal”? | Christine Emba
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C129
How our expectations shape what we see, hear, and feel
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C120
Harvard negotiator explains how to argue | Dan Shapiro
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B23
Curiosity Is a Superpower — If You Have the Courage to Use It | Big Think
Business EnglishDaily ConversationUniversity Students
C12
Physicist Brian Cox explains quantum physics in 22 minutes
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C14
A neuroscientist’s guide to reclaiming your brain | Nicole Vignola
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C110
The friendship recession | Richard Reeves
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C16
Expand your perception. Change your life. | Dr. Jill Bolte Taylor
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C12
Why humans need fiction, according to neuroscience
IELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students
✨ 추천 영상
C136
208 문장
These 7 Daily Habits Are Reshaping Your Brain Right Now
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B2547 문장
Aging Like a Fine Wine | British English Podcast
British AccentBusiness EnglishDaily ConversationUniversity Students
C11
214 문장
What Happens When You Walk Every Day? (Doctor Explains)
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C12
71 문장
The Habits That Keep Your Brain Sharp | Dr. Sanjay Gupta - World Governments Summit
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C150 문장
The Science of Stress: How Does Stress Affect Our Brains and Bodies?
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C11
183 문장
How to Learn Anything Once and Remember Forever
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B23
47 문장
How To Improve Your Memory RIGHT NOW!
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B21
79 문장
BTL Thuyết trình
Business EnglishDaily ConversationUniversity Students
C179
42 문장
How playing an instrument benefits your brain - Anita Collins
Business EnglishDaily ConversationUniversity Students
B21
306 문장
Start This Habit to Change Your Body Forever | Senada Greca
Business EnglishDaily ConversationUniversity Students
C13
81 문장
The #1 Journalling Method for Brain Health You Need to Know | Dr. Arif Khan
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
이 레슨의 어휘와 말하기 포인트
이 C1 수준 말하기 레슨은 영상 “Keep your brain from declining after age 30”을(를) 바탕으로 합니다. 가장 자주 반복되는 단어는 다음과 같습니다: brain, memory, plasticity, factor, cell. 이 영상에는 섀도잉할 문장 61개와 단어 983개가 있습니다. 말하는 구간의 길이는 6:26입니다. 화자는 분당 약 153단어로, 일상 대화에 가까운 자연스러운 속도로 말합니다. 단어의 85%가 영어에서 가장 많이 쓰이는 3,000단어에 속합니다. 나머지는 연습 전에 미리 확인해 두세요.
이 영상의 핵심 어휘
영상에서 가장 어려운 단어 15개를 발음, 뜻과 함께 정리했습니다.
| 단어 | 발음 | 뜻 |
|---|---|---|
| dopamine 명사 | /ˈdoʊ.pəˌmin/ | 도파민 |
| sedentary 형용사 | /ˈsɛd.ən.tɛɹ.i/ | 정착성 |
| serotonin 명사 | /ˌsɛɹəˈtoʊnɪn/ | 세로토닌 |
| crossword 명사 | /ˈkɹɒswɜː(ɹ)d/ | 십자말, 크로스워드 |
| deceive 동사 | /dɪˈsiːv/ | 속이다 |
| diagnose 동사 | /ˈdaɪ.əɡˌnoʊs/ | 진단 |
| neuron 명사 | /ˈn(j)ʊɹɑn/ | 신경 세포 |
| longevity 명사 | /lɒnˈd͡ʒɛv.ɪ.ti/ | 장수 |
| transmitter 명사 | 송화기, 트랜스미터 | |
| cortex 명사 | /ˈkɔɹtɛks/ | 피질 |
| physiology 명사 | /ˌfɪziˈɑ.lə.d͡ʒi/ | 생리학 |
| molecule 명사 | /ˈmɑ.lɪ.kjul/ | 분자 |
| dementia 명사 | /dɪˈmɛnʃə/ | 치매 |
| packet 명사 | /ˈpæk.ɪt/ | 패킷, 소포 |
| modify 동사 | /ˈmɑ.dɪˌfaɪ/ | 수정하다 |
이 영상의 문법
화자가 가장 많이 쓰는 문형을 영상 속 실제 표현과 함께 정리했습니다.
| 문형 | 영상 속 표현 |
|---|---|
| 수동태 be + 과거분사 — 누가 하는지보다 무슨 일이 일어나는지에 초점 | are called · are diagnosed · been suggested |
| 현재완료 have/has + 과거분사 — 과거의 일이 지금도 관련이 있을 때 | have known · has been demonstrated · you've been |
주의할 발음
화자는 don't, they're, we're 같은 축약형과 약화된 형태를 6번 사용합니다. 들리는 대로 짧게 발음하세요.
- “sh”와 “zh” 소리: secretion /sɪˈkriːʃ(ə)n/, diminish /dɪˈmɪnɪʃ/, dementia /dɪˈmɛnʃə/
- 긴 단어 — 강세 위치에 주의: plasticity /ˌplæs.ˈtɪs.ɪ.ti/, sedentary /ˈsɛd.ən.tɛɹ.i/, serotonin /ˌsɛɹəˈtoʊnɪn/, hippocampus /ˌhɪpə(ʊ)ˈkæm.pəs/, noradrenaline /nɔːɹəˈdɹɛnəlɪn/
한국어 화자가 어려워하는 소리:
- /f/ — ㅍ(/p/)으로 바꾸지 말고 윗니를 아랫입술에 대기: endorphin /ɛnˈdɔ(ɹ)fɪn/, prefrontal /pɹiːˈfɹʌn.təl/, transformative /tɹænsˈfɔɹmətɪv/, physiological /ˌfɪz.i.əˈlɑ.d͡ʒɪ.kəl/, physiology /ˌfɪziˈɑ.lə.d͡ʒi/
- /v/ — ㅂ(/b/)과 구별하기: deceive /dɪˈsiːv/, elevate /ˈɛləveɪt/, transformative /tɹænsˈfɔɹmətɪv/, derive /dɪˈɹaɪv/, longevity /lɒnˈd͡ʒɛv.ɪ.ti/
- /z/ — ㅈ이 아니라 성대를 울리는 /s/: residue /ˈɹɛzɪduː/, physiological /ˌfɪz.i.əˈlɑ.d͡ʒɪ.kəl/, physiology /ˌfɪziˈɑ.lə.d͡ʒi/, plausible /ˈplɑ.zɪ.bəl/, puzzle /ˈpʌzəl/
이 영상으로 연습하는 방법
- 먼저 말하지 않고 영상을 끝까지 듣고 모르는 단어를 적어 둡니다.
- 0.75배속으로 한 문장씩 섀도잉을 시작하고, 익숙해지면 보통 속도로 돌아갑니다.
- 자신의 목소리를 녹음해 원본과 비교하고, dopamine, sedentary, serotonin 같은 단어에 특히 주의합니다.
쉐도잉이란? 영어 실력을 빠르게 키우는 과학적 방법
쉐도잉(Shadowing)은 원래 전문 통역사 훈련을 위해 개발된 언어 학습 기법으로, 다언어 학자인 Dr. Alexander Arguelles에 의해 대중화된 방법입니다. 핵심 원리는 간단하지만 매우 강력합니다: 원어민의 영어를 들으면서 1~2초의 짧은 지연으로 즉시 소리 내어 따라 말하는 것——마치 '그림자(shadow)'처럼 화자를 따라가는 것입니다. 문법 공부나 수동적인 청취와 달리, 쉐도잉은 뇌와 입 근육이 동시에 실시간으로 영어를 처리하고 재현하도록 훈련합니다. 연구에 따르면 이 방법은 발음 정확도, 억양, 리듬, 연음, 청취력, 말하기 유창성을 크게 향상시킵니다. IELTS 스피킹 준비와 자연스러운 영어 소통을 원하는 분들에게 특히 효과적입니다.