쉐도잉 연습: The Truth About Bisexuality - 영상으로 영어 말하기 배우기

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Gay genes exist.

Genetic hotspots on chromosome 7, 8, 10, 13, 14, and the X chromosome XQ28 region have all been linked to sexual orientation.

But gay men and women have significantly less kids than straight people, so how come these gay genes continue to persist in humans?

The answer is insane.

New research finds bisexual men play a fascinating role in the evolution of gay genes, but before we get to that,

we need to understand the biological reasons why gay people exist.

You're more likely to be gay if you have older brothers.

Studies show that for each additional older brother you have,

there is an increase in the odds that a younger brother will be gay by 33 to 34%.

For example, if the oldest brother had a 2 % chance of being gay, the probability rises to 2 .6%,

3 .5%, and 4 .6 % for each successive brother.

The biological reason older brothers make you gay is because when the male fetus grows,

certain proteins derived from the father's Y chromosome are foreign to the mother's immune system.

Her body will respond by producing antibodies, which with each successive male pregnancy becomes more sensitized,

the response increases and turns on gay genes.

The interaction of the fetus to the environment causes the mother's body to go through biological processes of methylation

and phosphorylation that changes how gay genes are decoded and expressed.

The mother's antibodies subtly alter the next male fetus's genes to allow them to express potentially more gay genes.

Yes, it's true, a mother will more likely have a gay son the more sons she has.

It's an insane sentence, but it's true.

The reason this happens could be due to kin selection,

a biological theory that you yourself don't need to reproduce in order to ensure the survival of your genes.

Gay men and gay women on average have less kids themselves, but are statistically more likely to be caring,

compassionate, and look after their immediate family members.

By investing time in nieces, nephews, siblings, and the extended family, gay people are spreading their genes by ensuring that their larger family's genes continue.

In a way, you achieve the same result as personal reproduction.

Gay genes exist due to something called the gay uncle hypothesis.

Posited by scientists

that it is biologically advantageous for a mother to have a

gay kid as gay people are more likely to help the immediate family and not leave to procreate with another person.

And finally, what about bisexual men?

Well, Bisexual men have an evolutionary advantage.

Bi men who have genetic markers for homosexuality and heterosexuality have also been found to be more likely to take risks.

A study from the UK Biobank posits

that the genetically bisexual men who happen to take more risks

would have had a huge biological advantage in hunter -gatherer and pre -modern societies.

Bi men who were taking risks might have spread their seed further

and wider than straight men and had more reproductive success in the past.

This is part of the reason why some of the gay genes

that these bi men have would have continued to be prevalent in human populations up until now.

Yes, so one of the reasons why, as gay guys and our gay genes may still be here, is thanks to the bi men.

Sup, boys?

These are a few of the thousands of biological processes that are linked to gay genes in humans.

In fact, depending on how it is measured, surveys find that 2 to 10 % of the human population is gay.

But it's not just us.

Gayness is all over the animal kingdom and has been found in every branch of the evolutionary tree.

There are thousands of species that have been studied to show homosexual traits, but due to past homophobic concepts

and how the evolution of science like kind of grew at a time when homophobia was quite rich,

there's even more and more research coming in now as we expand our minds towards the animal kingdom.

Essentially it's been understudied for years, but there are gay genes all over every animal on earth.

I think it's important to remember that our gayness is heavily linked to our biology.

We'll put a podcast here for even more information if you want to learn more.

Thank you so much for watching and we will see you soon for a new science video.

I suppose

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이 레슨의 어휘와 말하기 포인트

이 말하기 레슨은 영상 “The Truth About Bisexuality”을(를) 바탕으로 합니다. 가장 자주 반복되는 단어는 다음과 같습니다: gay, genes, biological, brother, likely. 이 영상에는 섀도잉할 문장 54개와 단어 728개가 있습니다. 말하는 구간의 길이는 3:49입니다. 화자는 분당 약 191단어로 빠르게 말하므로 연음과 약하게 발음되는 소리가 많습니다. 영어에서 가장 많이 쓰이는 3,000단어에 속하는 단어가 80%뿐이라 어휘가 어려운 편입니다.

이 영상의 핵심 어휘

영상에 나오는 익혀 둘 만한 단어 15개를 발음, 뜻과 함께 정리했습니다.

단어	발음	뜻
gene 명사	/d͡ʒiːn/	유전자
biological 형용사	/ˌbaɪ.əˈlɑ.d͡ʒɪ.kəl/	생물학의
bisexual 형용사	/baɪˈsɛk.ʃ(əw).əl/	양성애
insane 형용사	/ɪnˈseɪn/	제정신이 아니다
fetus 명사	/ˈfiːtəs/	태아
uncle 명사	/ˈʌŋ.kl̩/	아저씨, 삼촌
survival 명사	/sɚˈvaɪ.vəl/	생존
expand 동사	/ɪkˈspænd/	펴다, 피다
pregnancy 명사	/ˈpɹɛɡnənsi/	임신
interaction 명사	/ˌɪn.təˈɹæk.ʃən/	상호작용
biology 명사	/baɪˈɑ.lə.d͡ʒi/	생물학
scientist 명사	/ˈsaɪəntəst/	과학자
depend 동사	/dɪˈpɛnd/	의존하다, ...에 달려 있다
podcast 명사	/ˈpɑdˌkæst/	팟캐스트
probability 명사	/ˌpɹɑ.bəˈbɪl.ə.ti/	확률

이 영상의 문법

화자가 가장 많이 쓰는 문형을 영상 속 실제 표현과 함께 정리했습니다.

문형	영상 속 표현
수동태 be + 과거분사 — 누가 하는지보다 무슨 일이 일어나는지에 초점	been linked · are decoded · been found
현재완료 have/has + 과거분사 — 과거의 일이 지금도 관련이 있을 때	have also been found · has been found · have been studied
관계절 who / which + 절 — 사람이나 사물에 대한 추가 정보	men who have · men who happen · men who were

주의할 발음

화자는 don't, we'll, you're 같은 축약형과 약화된 형태를 3번 사용합니다. 들리는 대로 짧게 발음하세요.

“th” 소리: hypothesis /haɪˈpɒθɪsɪs/, methylation /ˌmɛθɪˈleɪʃən/
“sh”와 “zh” 소리: bisexual /baɪˈsɛk.ʃ(əw).əl/, evolution /ˌiːvəˈluːʃ(ə)n/, evolutionary /ˌiː.vəˈluː.ʃən.ɛɹ.i/, essentially /ɪˈsɛnʃəli/, potentially /pəˈtɛnʃ(ə)li/
긴 단어 — 강세 위치에 주의: biological /ˌbaɪ.əˈlɑ.d͡ʒɪ.kəl/, bisexual /baɪˈsɛk.ʃ(əw).əl/, evolution /ˌiːvəˈluːʃ(ə)n/, evolutionary /ˌiː.vəˈluː.ʃən.ɛɹ.i/, essentially /ɪˈsɛnʃəli/

한국어 화자가 어려워하는 소리:

/f/ — ㅍ(/p/)으로 바꾸지 말고 윗니를 아랫입술에 대기: fetus /ˈfiːtəs/, nephew /ˈnɛf.ju/, homophobic /ˈhoʊ.məˌfoʊ.bɪk/, fascinate /ˈfæsɪneɪt/, homophobia /ˌhoʊ.məˈfoʊ.bi.ə/
/v/ — ㅂ(/b/)과 구별하기: evolution /ˌiːvəˈluːʃ(ə)n/, successive /səkˈsɛsɪv/, evolutionary /ˌiː.vəˈluː.ʃən.ɛɹ.i/, survival /sɚˈvaɪ.vəl/, invest /ɪnˈvɛst/
/r/과 /l/ 구별하기: evolutionary /ˌiː.vəˈluː.ʃən.ɛɹ.i/, probability /ˌpɹɑ.bəˈbɪl.ə.ti/, prevalent /ˈpɹɛvələnt/

이 영상으로 연습하는 방법

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0.75배속으로 한 문장씩 섀도잉을 시작하고, 익숙해지면 보통 속도로 돌아갑니다.
자신의 목소리를 녹음해 원본과 비교하고, gene, biological, bisexual 같은 단어에 특히 주의합니다.

쉐도잉이란? 영어 실력을 빠르게 키우는 과학적 방법

쉐도잉(Shadowing)은 원래 전문 통역사 훈련을 위해 개발된 언어 학습 기법으로, 다언어 학자인 Dr. Alexander Arguelles에 의해 대중화된 방법입니다. 핵심 원리는 간단하지만 매우 강력합니다: 원어민의 영어를 들으면서 1~2초의 짧은 지연으로 즉시 소리 내어 따라 말하는 것——마치 '그림자(shadow)'처럼 화자를 따라가는 것입니다. 문법 공부나 수동적인 청취와 달리, 쉐도잉은 뇌와 입 근육이 동시에 실시간으로 영어를 처리하고 재현하도록 훈련합니다. 연구에 따르면 이 방법은 발음 정확도, 억양, 리듬, 연음, 청취력, 말하기 유창성을 크게 향상시킵니다. IELTS 스피킹 준비와 자연스러운 영어 소통을 원하는 분들에게 특히 효과적입니다.

섀도잉 방법: 단계별 전체 가이드 읽기 →

쉐도잉 연습: The Truth About Bisexuality - 영상으로 영어 말하기 배우기

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