쉐도잉 연습: Why Plastic Straws Suck - 영상으로 영어 말하기 배우기
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You've probably seen this video.
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That's a plastic straw being pulled out of a sea turtle's nose.
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The video went viral in 2015, sparking a public outcry to, quote, say no to plastic straws.
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And over the years, the campaign has gained traction.
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Starbucks says by 2020 it will eliminate plastic straws, pivoting to biodegradable straws and a newly designed lid.
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McDonald's UK, American Airlines, and Marriott hotels have all announced similar changes.
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So why do plastic straws suck?
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Starbucks says, quote, "...one of the major issues with plastic straws is
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that they are too small and lightweight to be captured in modern recycling equipment."
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We reached out to various recycling plants across North America to see if that was true.
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While some facilities told us they do recycle straws, two of the largest recycling facilities in the U.S.
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said its machines don't always catch straws.
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So they end up in the trash and eventually in landfills. So frustrating.
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I know.
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Another place straws tend to end up?
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Beaches.
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Dr. George Leonard is the chief scientist for Ocean Conservancy.
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The data from our 2017 International Coastal Cleanup,
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and there were 643,000 plastic straws that were picked up around beaches and waterways all over the world.
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To limit the use of straws, Starbucks introduced a new lid that resembles a sippy cup.
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These new lids are made from polypropylene, which, according to Starbucks, can be widely recycled.
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But there's one major problem.
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You know, the objective really was to phase out straws because they're not recyclable.
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The shift to this lid really increases the amount of plastic that Starbucks is using per cut.
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I think it could be part of a solution, but I don't think it's the whole picture.
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Some critics have pointed out that straws only make up a fraction of our plastic waste.
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So why is everyone so worked up about them?
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I think straws are a bit of a poster child here
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for the bigger question of society's kind of over-reliance on single-use plastics
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and the fact that a lot of this stuff is ending up in our marine environment.
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All plastics ultimately sort of break down and fracture into smaller
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and smaller bits of plastic as a result of being tossed around by the waves
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and then by the fact that sunlight basically makes the plastic brittle.
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And so they create what we call microplastics.
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We're finding these flecks of plastic in everything from the forage fish
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that are at the base of the food web up through the kinds of fish
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that we end up putting on our dinner plate.
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If we get the kind of global plastic users
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and the major brands like Starbucks and some of these other companies like Coca-Cola
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that everybody knows about to really take ownership of their contribution to this problem and alter their business practices,
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they can be real leaders here and they can bring the rest of the plastic supply chain along with them.
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So how do we start?
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We need to be more thoughtful about how we use plastic.
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We do know that there's about 8 million metric tons of plastic overall
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that ends up in the world's oceans every year
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and that's kind of thought to be one garbage truck worth you know per mile a beach per day.
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About half of that plastic comes from countries in Southeast Asia that don't have formal waste management systems.
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Much of their local waste is disposed in sort of informal ways whether it's behind a house
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or at a community dump which is essentially sort of an open pit
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or in in some cases directly dumped into the ocean itself.
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In countries like the U.S., plastic can also be swept down drains into rivers leading to the sea.
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It can be flushed down the toilet or left behind by beach goers.
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So what should we be doing differently?
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For starters, pay closer attention to your personal habits.
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Get into the habit of bringing our own cup, fork, bag, straw.
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That's what I have in my bag at all times.
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Stop flushing things other than human waste and toilet paper down the toilet.
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And remember, anything that goes down the toilet, drain, or into sewers goes to the ocean.
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All drains lead to the ocean, kid.
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이 레슨의 어휘와 말하기 포인트
이 B2 수준 말하기 레슨은 영상 “Why Plastic Straws Suck”을(를) 바탕으로 합니다. 가장 자주 반복되는 단어는 다음과 같습니다: plastic, straw, Starbucks, ocean, lid. 이 영상에는 섀도잉할 문장 59개와 단어 718개가 있습니다. 말하는 구간의 길이는 4:33입니다. 화자는 분당 약 158단어로, 일상 대화에 가까운 자연스러운 속도로 말합니다. 영어에서 가장 많이 쓰이는 3,000단어에 속하는 단어가 80%뿐이라 어휘가 어려운 편입니다.
이 영상의 핵심 어휘
영상에서 가장 어려운 단어 15개를 발음, 뜻과 함께 정리했습니다.
| 단어 | 발음 | 뜻 |
|---|---|---|
| straw 명사 | /stɹɔ/ | 짚 |
| recycle 동사 | /ɹəˈsaɪkəl/ | 재활용하다 |
| drain 명사 | /dɹiːn/ | 배수구 |
| forage 명사 | /ˈfoɹɪd͡ʒ/ | 여물 |
| microplastic 명사 | 미세플라스틱 | |
| outcry 명사 | /ˈaʊtkɹaɪ/ | 외침 |
| polypropylene 명사 | 폴리프로필렌 | |
| waterway 명사 | /ˈwɔːtəweɪ/ | 수로 |
| sewer 명사 | /ˈsuɚ/ | 하수도 |
| fracture 명사 | /ˈfɹæk.t͡ʃʰəː/ | 골절 |
| resemble 동사 | /ɹɪˈzɛmbəl/ | 비슷하다, 닮다 |
| altar 명사 | /ˈɔl.tɚ/ | 제단 |
| lid 명사 | /lɪd/ | 뚜껑, 덮개 |
| sunlight 명사 | /ˈsʌnˌlaɪt/ | 햇빛, 일광 |
| fraction 명사 | /ˈfɹæk.ʃən/ | 분수 |
영상에 나오는 구동사
| 단어 | 뜻 |
|---|---|
| go down 동사 | 내려가다 |
| pick up 동사 | 줍다 |
| point out 동사 | 가리키다 |
이 영상의 문법
화자가 가장 많이 쓰는 문형을 영상 속 실제 표현과 함께 정리했습니다.
| 문형 | 영상 속 표현 |
|---|---|
| 수동태 be + 과거분사 — 누가 하는지보다 무슨 일이 일어나는지에 초점 | being pulled · be captured · were picked |
| 현재완료 have/has + 과거분사 — 과거의 일이 지금도 관련이 있을 때 | You've probably seen · has gained · have pointed |
주의할 발음
화자는 don't, they're, we're 같은 축약형과 약화된 형태를 6번 사용합니다. 들리는 대로 짧게 발음하세요.
- “sh”와 “zh” 소리: flush /ˈflʌʃ/, traction /ˈtɹæk.ʃən/, fraction /ˈfɹæk.ʃən/
- 긴 단어 — 강세 위치에 주의: biodegradable /(ˌ)baɪoʊdəˈɡɹeɪdəbl̩/, eliminate /ɪˈlɪm.ɪ.neɪt/
한국어 화자가 어려워하는 소리:
- /f/ — ㅍ(/p/)으로 바꾸지 말고 윗니를 아랫입술에 대기: flush /ˈflʌʃ/, forage /ˈfoɹɪd͡ʒ/, frustrate /ˈfɹʌsˌtɹeɪt/, landfill /ˈlæn(d).fɪl/, fracture /ˈfɹæk.t͡ʃʰəː/
- /z/ — ㅈ이 아니라 성대를 울리는 /s/: dispose /dɪsˈpoʊz/, resemble /ɹɪˈzɛmbəl/
- /r/과 /l/ 구별하기: recycle /ɹəˈsaɪkəl/, biodegradable /(ˌ)baɪoʊdəˈɡɹeɪdəbl̩/, brittle /ˈbɹɪtəl/, resemble /ɹɪˈzɛmbəl/, reliance /ɹɪˈlaɪ.əns/
이 영상으로 연습하는 방법
- 먼저 말하지 않고 영상을 끝까지 듣고 모르는 단어를 적어 둡니다.
- 0.75배속으로 한 문장씩 섀도잉을 시작하고, 익숙해지면 보통 속도로 돌아갑니다.
- 자신의 목소리를 녹음해 원본과 비교하고, straw, recycle, drain 같은 단어에 특히 주의합니다.
쉐도잉이란? 영어 실력을 빠르게 키우는 과학적 방법
쉐도잉(Shadowing)은 원래 전문 통역사 훈련을 위해 개발된 언어 학습 기법으로, 다언어 학자인 Dr. Alexander Arguelles에 의해 대중화된 방법입니다. 핵심 원리는 간단하지만 매우 강력합니다: 원어민의 영어를 들으면서 1~2초의 짧은 지연으로 즉시 소리 내어 따라 말하는 것——마치 '그림자(shadow)'처럼 화자를 따라가는 것입니다. 문법 공부나 수동적인 청취와 달리, 쉐도잉은 뇌와 입 근육이 동시에 실시간으로 영어를 처리하고 재현하도록 훈련합니다. 연구에 따르면 이 방법은 발음 정확도, 억양, 리듬, 연음, 청취력, 말하기 유창성을 크게 향상시킵니다. IELTS 스피킹 준비와 자연스러운 영어 소통을 원하는 분들에게 특히 효과적입니다.