Pratique du Shadowing: Why Plastic Straws Suck - Apprendre l'anglais à l'oral avec la vidéo
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You've probably seen this video.
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That's a plastic straw being pulled out of a sea turtle's nose.
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The video went viral in 2015, sparking a public outcry to, quote, say no to plastic straws.
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And over the years, the campaign has gained traction.
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Starbucks says by 2020 it will eliminate plastic straws, pivoting to biodegradable straws and a newly designed lid.
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McDonald's UK, American Airlines, and Marriott hotels have all announced similar changes.
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So why do plastic straws suck?
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Starbucks says, quote, "...one of the major issues with plastic straws is
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that they are too small and lightweight to be captured in modern recycling equipment."
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We reached out to various recycling plants across North America to see if that was true.
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While some facilities told us they do recycle straws, two of the largest recycling facilities in the U.S.
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said its machines don't always catch straws.
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So they end up in the trash and eventually in landfills. So frustrating.
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I know.
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Another place straws tend to end up?
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Beaches.
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Dr. George Leonard is the chief scientist for Ocean Conservancy.
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The data from our 2017 International Coastal Cleanup,
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and there were 643,000 plastic straws that were picked up around beaches and waterways all over the world.
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To limit the use of straws, Starbucks introduced a new lid that resembles a sippy cup.
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These new lids are made from polypropylene, which, according to Starbucks, can be widely recycled.
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But there's one major problem.
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You know, the objective really was to phase out straws because they're not recyclable.
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The shift to this lid really increases the amount of plastic that Starbucks is using per cut.
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I think it could be part of a solution, but I don't think it's the whole picture.
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Some critics have pointed out that straws only make up a fraction of our plastic waste.
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So why is everyone so worked up about them?
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I think straws are a bit of a poster child here
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for the bigger question of society's kind of over-reliance on single-use plastics
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and the fact that a lot of this stuff is ending up in our marine environment.
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All plastics ultimately sort of break down and fracture into smaller
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and smaller bits of plastic as a result of being tossed around by the waves
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and then by the fact that sunlight basically makes the plastic brittle.
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And so they create what we call microplastics.
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We're finding these flecks of plastic in everything from the forage fish
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that are at the base of the food web up through the kinds of fish
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that we end up putting on our dinner plate.
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If we get the kind of global plastic users
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and the major brands like Starbucks and some of these other companies like Coca-Cola
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that everybody knows about to really take ownership of their contribution to this problem and alter their business practices,
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they can be real leaders here and they can bring the rest of the plastic supply chain along with them.
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So how do we start?
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We need to be more thoughtful about how we use plastic.
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We do know that there's about 8 million metric tons of plastic overall
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that ends up in the world's oceans every year
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and that's kind of thought to be one garbage truck worth you know per mile a beach per day.
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About half of that plastic comes from countries in Southeast Asia that don't have formal waste management systems.
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Much of their local waste is disposed in sort of informal ways whether it's behind a house
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or at a community dump which is essentially sort of an open pit
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or in in some cases directly dumped into the ocean itself.
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In countries like the U.S., plastic can also be swept down drains into rivers leading to the sea.
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It can be flushed down the toilet or left behind by beach goers.
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So what should we be doing differently?
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For starters, pay closer attention to your personal habits.
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Get into the habit of bringing our own cup, fork, bag, straw.
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That's what I have in my bag at all times.
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Stop flushing things other than human waste and toilet paper down the toilet.
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And remember, anything that goes down the toilet, drain, or into sewers goes to the ocean.
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All drains lead to the ocean, kid.
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Vocabulaire et conseils d’expression pour cette leçon
Cette leçon d’expression orale de niveau B2 s’appuie sur la vidéo « Why Plastic Straws Suck ». Les mots qui reviennent le plus souvent : plastic, straw, Starbucks, ocean, lid. Cette vidéo contient 59 phrases et 718 mots à répéter en shadowing. La partie parlée dure 4:33. Le locuteur parle à un rythme naturel d’environ 158 mots par minute, proche d’une conversation courante. Seuls 80 % des mots font partie des 3 000 mots les plus courants en anglais, le vocabulaire est donc exigeant.
Vocabulaire clé de cette vidéo
Les 15 mots les plus avancés de la vidéo, avec leur prononciation et leur sens :
| Mot | Prononciation | Sens |
|---|---|---|
| straw nom | /stɹɔ/ | paille, fétu |
| recycle verbe | /ɹəˈsaɪkəl/ | recycler |
| drain nom | /dɹiːn/ | drain, bonde |
| flush verbe | /ˈflʌʃ/ | laver à grande eau |
| dump verbe | /dʌmp/ | se débarrasser de |
| biodegradable adjectif | /(ˌ)baɪoʊdəˈɡɹeɪdəbl̩/ | biodégradable |
| brittle adjectif | /ˈbɹɪtəl/ | fragile |
| forage nom | /ˈfoɹɪd͡ʒ/ | fourrage |
| frustrate verbe | /ˈfɹʌsˌtɹeɪt/ | frustrer |
| landfill nom | /ˈlæn(d).fɪl/ | décharge, dépotoir |
| microplastic nom | microplastique | |
| outcry nom | /ˈaʊtkɹaɪ/ | levée de boucliers, tollé |
| polypropylene nom | polypropylène | |
| recyclable adjectif | recyclable | |
| waterway nom | /ˈwɔːtəweɪ/ | voie navigable |
Les verbes à particule que vous entendrez
| Mot | Prononciation | Sens |
|---|---|---|
| end up verbe | se terminer, se finir | |
| break down verbe | tomber en panne | |
| go down verbe | descendre | |
| leave behind verbe | abandonner | |
| make up verbe | /ˌmeɪk ˈʌp/ | constituer, composer |
| pick up verbe | soulever | |
| point out verbe | pointer |
La grammaire de cette vidéo
Les structures que le locuteur utilise le plus, avec les mots exacts de la vidéo :
| Structure | Dans la vidéo |
|---|---|
| Voix passive be + participe passé — l’accent est mis sur ce qui arrive, pas sur qui le fait | being pulled · be captured · were picked |
| Present perfect have/has + participe passé — une action passée qui compte encore maintenant | You've probably seen · has gained · have pointed |
Prononciation à surveiller
Le locuteur utilise 6 contractions et formes réduites, comme don't, they're, we're. Prononcez-les sous leur forme courte, telles que vous les entendez.
- Les sons « sh » et « zh »: flush /ˈflʌʃ/, traction /ˈtɹæk.ʃən/, fraction /ˈfɹæk.ʃən/
- Mots longs — placez bien l’accent: biodegradable /(ˌ)baɪoʊdəˈɡɹeɪdəbl̩/, eliminate /ɪˈlɪm.ɪ.neɪt/
Les sons difficiles pour les francophones :
- /tʃ/ et /dʒ/ — à ne pas adoucir en « ch » et « j »: forage /ˈfoɹɪd͡ʒ/, fracture /ˈfɹæk.t͡ʃʰəː/, garbage /ˈɡɑɹ.bɪd͡ʒ/
- /r/ anglais — langue recourbée, sans frotter la gorge: straw /stɹɔ/, recycle /ɹəˈsaɪkəl/, drain /dɹiːn/, biodegradable /(ˌ)baɪoʊdəˈɡɹeɪdəbl̩/, brittle /ˈbɹɪtəl/
Comment s’entraîner avec cette vidéo
- Écoutez la vidéo en entier une fois sans parler et notez les mots que vous ne connaissez pas.
- Commencez à la vitesse 0,75×, répétez phrase par phrase, puis revenez à la vitesse normale quand cela devient facile.
- Enregistrez-vous et comparez avec l’original, en faisant attention à des mots comme straw, recycle, drain.
Qu'est-ce que la technique du Shadowing ?
Le Shadowing est une technique d'apprentissage des langues fondée sur la science, développée à l'origine pour la formation des interprètes professionnels. Le principe est simple mais puissant : vous écoutez de l'anglais natif et le répétez immédiatement à voix haute — comme une ombre suivant le locuteur avec un décalage de 1 à 2 secondes. Les recherches montrent une amélioration significative de la précision de la prononciation, de l'intonation, du rythme, des liaisons, de la compréhension orale et de la fluidité.