Pratica di Shadowing: Why Plastic Straws Suck - Impara a parlare inglese con i video
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You've probably seen this video.
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That's a plastic straw being pulled out of a sea turtle's nose.
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The video went viral in 2015, sparking a public outcry to, quote, say no to plastic straws.
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And over the years, the campaign has gained traction.
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Starbucks says by 2020 it will eliminate plastic straws, pivoting to biodegradable straws and a newly designed lid.
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McDonald's UK, American Airlines, and Marriott hotels have all announced similar changes.
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So why do plastic straws suck?
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Starbucks says, quote, "...one of the major issues with plastic straws is
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that they are too small and lightweight to be captured in modern recycling equipment."
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We reached out to various recycling plants across North America to see if that was true.
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While some facilities told us they do recycle straws, two of the largest recycling facilities in the U.S.
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said its machines don't always catch straws.
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So they end up in the trash and eventually in landfills. So frustrating.
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I know.
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Another place straws tend to end up?
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Beaches.
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Dr. George Leonard is the chief scientist for Ocean Conservancy.
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The data from our 2017 International Coastal Cleanup,
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and there were 643,000 plastic straws that were picked up around beaches and waterways all over the world.
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To limit the use of straws, Starbucks introduced a new lid that resembles a sippy cup.
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These new lids are made from polypropylene, which, according to Starbucks, can be widely recycled.
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But there's one major problem.
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You know, the objective really was to phase out straws because they're not recyclable.
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The shift to this lid really increases the amount of plastic that Starbucks is using per cut.
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I think it could be part of a solution, but I don't think it's the whole picture.
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Some critics have pointed out that straws only make up a fraction of our plastic waste.
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So why is everyone so worked up about them?
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I think straws are a bit of a poster child here
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for the bigger question of society's kind of over-reliance on single-use plastics
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and the fact that a lot of this stuff is ending up in our marine environment.
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All plastics ultimately sort of break down and fracture into smaller
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and smaller bits of plastic as a result of being tossed around by the waves
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and then by the fact that sunlight basically makes the plastic brittle.
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And so they create what we call microplastics.
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We're finding these flecks of plastic in everything from the forage fish
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that are at the base of the food web up through the kinds of fish
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that we end up putting on our dinner plate.
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If we get the kind of global plastic users
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and the major brands like Starbucks and some of these other companies like Coca-Cola
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that everybody knows about to really take ownership of their contribution to this problem and alter their business practices,
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they can be real leaders here and they can bring the rest of the plastic supply chain along with them.
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So how do we start?
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We need to be more thoughtful about how we use plastic.
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We do know that there's about 8 million metric tons of plastic overall
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that ends up in the world's oceans every year
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and that's kind of thought to be one garbage truck worth you know per mile a beach per day.
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About half of that plastic comes from countries in Southeast Asia that don't have formal waste management systems.
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Much of their local waste is disposed in sort of informal ways whether it's behind a house
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or at a community dump which is essentially sort of an open pit
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or in in some cases directly dumped into the ocean itself.
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In countries like the U.S., plastic can also be swept down drains into rivers leading to the sea.
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It can be flushed down the toilet or left behind by beach goers.
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So what should we be doing differently?
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For starters, pay closer attention to your personal habits.
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Get into the habit of bringing our own cup, fork, bag, straw.
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That's what I have in my bag at all times.
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Stop flushing things other than human waste and toilet paper down the toilet.
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And remember, anything that goes down the toilet, drain, or into sewers goes to the ocean.
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All drains lead to the ocean, kid.
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Vocabolario e note di pronuncia per questa lezione
Questa lezione di conversazione di livello B2 si basa sul video “Why Plastic Straws Suck”. Le parole che ritornano più spesso: plastic, straw, Starbucks, ocean, lid. Questo video contiene 59 frasi e 718 parole da ripetere con lo shadowing. Il parlato dura 4:33. Chi parla ha un ritmo naturale di circa 158 parole al minuto, vicino a una conversazione quotidiana. Solo il 80% delle parole rientra nelle 3.000 più comuni dell’inglese, quindi il lessico è impegnativo.
Vocaboli chiave di questo video
Le 15 parole più avanzate del video, con pronuncia e significato:
| Parola | Pronuncia | Significato |
|---|---|---|
| straw sostantivo | /stɹɔ/ | festuca, pagliuzza |
| recycle verbo | /ɹəˈsaɪkəl/ | riciclare |
| drain sostantivo | /dɹiːn/ | scolo |
| flush verbo | /ˈflʌʃ/ | irrorare |
| dump verbo | /dʌmp/ | scaricare, buttare |
| biodegradable aggettivo | /(ˌ)baɪoʊdəˈɡɹeɪdəbl̩/ | biodegradabile |
| brittle aggettivo | /ˈbɹɪtəl/ | fragile |
| landfill sostantivo | /ˈlæn(d).fɪl/ | discarica |
| microplastic sostantivo | microplastica | |
| outcry sostantivo | /ˈaʊtkɹaɪ/ | protesta |
| polypropylene sostantivo | polipropilene | |
| recyclable aggettivo | riciclabile | |
| dispose verbo | /dɪsˈpoʊz/ | eliminare, disporre |
| sewer sostantivo | /ˈsuɚ/ | fogna, chiavica |
| fracture sostantivo | /ˈfɹæk.t͡ʃʰəː/ | frattura |
I phrasal verb che sentirai
| Parola | Pronuncia | Significato |
|---|---|---|
| end up verbo | andare a finire, finire | |
| make up verbo | /ˌmeɪk ˈʌp/ | comporsi |
| pick up verbo | tirare su, sollevare | |
| point out verbo | additare |
La grammatica di questo video
Le strutture che chi parla usa di più, con le parole esatte del video:
| Struttura | Nel video |
|---|---|
| Forma passiva be + participio passato — conta ciò che accade, non chi lo fa | being pulled · be captured · were picked |
| Present perfect have/has + participio passato — un’azione passata che conta ancora adesso | You've probably seen · has gained · have pointed |
Pronuncia a cui fare attenzione
Chi parla usa 6 contrazioni e forme ridotte, come don't, they're, we're. Pronunciale nella forma breve, così come le senti.
- I suoni “sh” e “zh”: flush /ˈflʌʃ/, traction /ˈtɹæk.ʃən/, fraction /ˈfɹæk.ʃən/
- Parole lunghe — attenzione all’accento: biodegradable /(ˌ)baɪoʊdəˈɡɹeɪdəbl̩/, eliminate /ɪˈlɪm.ɪ.neɪt/
I suoni difficili per chi parla italiano:
- Consonante finale — senza aggiungere una vocale dopo: flush /ˈflʌʃ/, dump /dʌmp/, forage /ˈfoɹɪd͡ʒ/, frustrate /ˈfɹʌsˌtɹeɪt/, dispose /dɪsˈpoʊz/
- /æ/ — più aperta della “e”: landfill /ˈlæn(d).fɪl/, fracture /ˈfɹæk.t͡ʃʰəː/, traction /ˈtɹæk.ʃən/, fraction /ˈfɹæk.ʃən/
Come esercitarsi con questo video
- Ascolta tutto il video una volta senza parlare e annota le parole che non conosci.
- Inizia a velocità 0,75×, fai shadowing frase per frase e torna alla velocità normale quando diventa facile.
- Registrati e confronta con l’originale, facendo attenzione a parole come straw, recycle, drain.
Cos'è la tecnica dello Shadowing?
Shadowing è una tecnica di apprendimento delle lingue supportata da studi scientifici, originariamente sviluppata per la formazione dei traduttori professionisti e resa popolare dal poliglotta Dr. Alexander Arguelles. Il metodo è semplice ma potente: ascolti un audio in inglese di madrelingua e lo ripeti immediatamente ad alta voce — come un'ombra che segue il parlante con un ritardo di solo 1–2 secondi. A differenza dell'ascolto passivo o degli esercizi di grammatica, lo shadowing costringe il tuo cervello e i muscoli della bocca a elaborare e riprodurre simultaneamente i modelli di discorso reale. La ricerca dimostra che migliora significativamente la precisione della pronuncia, l'intonazione, il ritmo, il discorso connesso, la comprensione dell'ascolto e la fluidità del parlato — rendendolo uno dei metodi più efficaci per la preparazione alla prova di speaking dell'IELTS e per la comunicazione reale in inglese.