Shadowing Practice: Black Hole Documentary 2019 - Part 1 - Learn English Speaking with Video

black hole is a region of space where matter has condensed to such a high density that

the gravity at its surface the surface gravity is so high that you cannot escape it even at the speed of light you are forever trapped it is the fabric of the space-time continuum warped back on

itself and what you fall in the fact that these cosmic objects exist boggles the mind they are

so counterintuitive massive and strange they have been considered hypothetical objects for the longest time in the history of science in his general theory of relativity in 1916 Albert

Einstein first predicted the existence of black holes but it took a German artillery lieutenant fighting on the frontlines of the First World War Karl Schwarzschild to provide the first exact

solution to Einstein's field equations of general relativity where he described how space-time is walked outside a spherical object his mathematical solution shows how it becomes harder for matter

to escape the gravitational field of ultra high dense stars eventually there comes a point where every particle even light becomes gravitationally trapped once matter passes this point there is no

escape this point of no return is called the event horizon and something completely bizarre happens once you approach and go past the event horizon time itself slows down to a complete standstill

this is why early physicists studying these mysterious objects sometimes called them frozen stars the phrase black hole was only popularized by American physicist John Wheeler in 1967 when

it was reportedly suggested by a student at one of his lectures wheeler also best summarized in layperson terms the field equations where he described it as space-time tells matter

how to move and matter tells space-time how to curve it took decades to accept black holes as anything but a mathematical curiosity most of the leading theoretical physicists of the 20th

century insisted that these strange objects could never form in reality Arthur Eddington said I think there should be a law of nature to prevent a star from behaving in this absurd

way but black holes are all too real though it is understandable that even world leading experts in general relativity dismissed them as mere mathematical curiosities after all the

phrase black hole caught on for a reason they are pitch black as they emit no light so how can you take a phenomena seriously if you can't directly observe it how do you see the unseeable

when an ultra-high dense star runs out of nuclear fuel it begins to collapse on its own weight if it's massive enough say 10 to 29 solar masses its collapsed core will turn into a neutron star a way

to break your mind is to try to visualize a star that's 10 times the mass of the Sun with the size of a city that's a neutron star if it has a mass greater than 20 times the mass of the Sun even

the proton degeneracy pressure will not suffice to keep the mass from imploding and collapsing into a single point of infinite density forming a black hole black holes are detected as surrounding

material like gas is funneled by the force of gravity into a disk around the black hole the gas molecules in the disk swirl around the black hole so fast that they heat up and emit x-rays in

the 1960s x-ray astronomy was developing rapidly with a series of rockets and satellites launched into space in 1964 astronomers discovered one of the brightest x-ray sources in the sky in

the constellation Cygnus in 1970 NASA launched a hurroo x-ray Explorer satellite that provided detailed observation and measurements for this strange x-ray radio source it showed Sig x1 had

rapid variability on timescales shorter than a second the mission was also able to calculate the mass of this mysterious object 15 solar masses far exceeding any theoretical limit

for neutron stars making Sig x1 a prime candidate to be the first stellar black hole ever detected

next week we will explore far more ominous black holes than stellar ones subscribe and ring the bell to be notified about part 2 of the black hole series thanks for watching

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74 zinnen

Woordenschat en spreektips bij deze les

Deze video bevat 23 zinnen en 706 woorden om na te spreken. Het gesproken deel duurt 5:49. De spreker praat in een gelijkmatig tempo van ongeveer 121 woorden per minuut, prettig om te shadowen. Slechts 75% van de woorden hoort bij de 3.000 meest gebruikte Engelse woorden, dus de woordenschat is pittig.

Belangrijke woorden in deze video

15 woorden uit de video die het leren waard zijn, met uitspraak en betekenis:

Woord	Uitspraak	Betekenis
collapse werkwoord	/kəˈlæps/	instorten
mathematical bijvoeglijk naamwoord	/ˌmæθ(.ə)ˈmæt.ɪ.kəl/	wiskundig
density zelfstandig naamwoord	/ˈdɛn.sə.ti/	dichtheid
satellite zelfstandig naamwoord	/ˈsætəlaɪ̯t/	satelliet, kunstmaan
trap zelfstandig naamwoord	/tɹæp/	val
phrase zelfstandig naamwoord	/ˈfɹeɪ̯z/	uitspraak
mysterious bijvoeglijk naamwoord	/mɪˈstɪɹi.əs/	geheimzinnig, mysterieus
horizon zelfstandig naamwoord	/həˈɹaɪ.zən/	horizon, horizont
detect werkwoord	/dɪˈtɛkt/	detecteren
equation zelfstandig naamwoord	/ɪˈkweɪ.ʒən/	vergelijking
disk zelfstandig naamwoord	/dɪsk/	schijf
theoretical bijvoeglijk naamwoord	/ˌθi.əˈɹɛt.ɪ.kəl/	theoretisch
dense bijvoeglijk naamwoord	/ˈdɛns/	dicht
curiosity zelfstandig naamwoord	/ˌkjʊɹ.iˈɑ.sə.ti/	nieuwsgierigheid
stellar bijvoeglijk naamwoord	/ˈstɛl.əɹ/	stellair, de sterren betreffend

Uitspraak om op te letten

De “th”-klanken: mathematical /ˌmæθ(.ə)ˈmæt.ɪ.kəl/, theoretical /ˌθi.əˈɹɛt.ɪ.kəl/, hypothetical /ˌhaɪpəˈθɛtɪkəl/
De klanken “sh” en “zh”: equation /ɪˈkweɪ.ʒən/, observation /ˌɑbzɚˈveɪʃn̩/, measurement /ˈmɛʒ.ə.mənt/, constellation /ˌkɑn.stəˈleɪ.ʃən/, gravitational /ˌɡɹævɪˈteɪʃənəl/
Lange woorden — let op de klemtoon: mathematical /ˌmæθ(.ə)ˈmæt.ɪ.kəl/, mysterious /mɪˈstɪɹi.əs/, theoretical /ˌθi.əˈɹɛt.ɪ.kəl/, curiosity /ˌkjʊɹ.iˈɑ.sə.ti/, phenomenon /fəˈnɒm.ɪ.nən/

Zo oefen je met deze video

Luister de hele video één keer zonder te spreken en noteer de woorden die je niet kent.
Spreek zin voor zin na op normale snelheid en herhaal elke zin tot je ritme gelijk is aan dat van de spreker.
Neem jezelf op en vergelijk met het origineel; let daarbij op woorden als collapse, mathematical, density.

Grammatica in deze video

De structuren die de spreker het meest gebruikt, met de exacte woorden uit de video:

Structuur	In de video
Lijdende vorm be + voltooid deelwoord — het gaat om wat er gebeurt, niet om wie het doet	have been considered · is walked · is called
Present perfect have/has + voltooid deelwoord — iets uit het verleden dat nu nog telt	has condensed · have been considered

Wat is de Shadowing-techniek?

Shadowing is een wetenschappelijk onderbouwde taalleermethode die oorspronkelijk is ontwikkeld voor professionele tolkentraining en gepopulariseerd door polyglot Dr. Alexander Arguelles. De methode is eenvoudig maar krachtig: je luistert naar native Engelse audio en herhaalt het onmiddellijk hardop — als een schaduw die de spreker volgt met slechts 1–2 seconden vertraging. In tegenstelling tot passief luisteren of grammaticadrills, dwingt shadowing je hersenen en mondspieren om echte spraakpatronen tegelijkertijd te verwerken en te reproduceren. Onderzoek toont aan dat het de uitspraaknauwkeurigheid, intonatie, ritme, verbonden spraak, luisterbegrip en spreekvaardigheid aanzienlijk verbetert — waardoor het een van de meest effectieve methoden is voor IELTS Speaking-voorbereiding en echte Engelse communicatie.

Shadowing-techniek: lees de volledige stap-voor-stap-gids →

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