Shadowing Practice: Interview Tips from a Senior Software Engineer... and a 4 year old - Learn English Speaking with Video
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Vocabulary and speaking notes for this lesson
This B2 speaking lesson is built on the video “Interview Tips from a Senior Software Engineer... and a 4 year old”. This video has 171 sentences and 1799 words to shadow. The speech runs for 12:55. The speaker talks at a steady 139 words per minute, a comfortable pace for shadowing. 85% of the words are among the 3,000 most common in English; the rest is worth studying before you start.
Key vocabulary in this video
The 15 most advanced words in the video, with pronunciation and meaning:
| Word | Pronunciation | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| algorithm noun | /ˈælɡəɹɪðm̩/ | A collection of ordered steps that solve a mathematical problem. A precise step-by-step plan for a computational procedure that possibly begins with an input… |
| interviewer noun | /ˈɪntɚvjuɚ/ | One who interviews. |
| slot noun | /slɑt/ | A narrow depression, perforation, or aperture; especially, one for the reception of a piece fitting or sliding into it. |
| pancake noun | /ˈpæn.keɪk/ | An thin batter cake similar to a crepe, typically unleavened. |
| stack noun | /stæk/ | A large pile of hay, grain, straw, or the like, larger at the bottom than the top, sometimes covered with thatch. |
| carcass noun | /ˈkɑɹkəs/ | The body of a dead animal, especially a vertebrate or other animal having flesh. |
| interviewee noun | /ˌɪn.tɚ.vjuːˈiː/ | Someone being interviewed, i.e. the person answering the questions. |
| preposition noun | /ˌpɹɛpəˈzɪʃən/ | Any of a class of non-inflecting words and multiword terms typically employed to connect a following noun or a pronoun, in an adjectival or adverbial sense… |
| spitty adjective | Characterised by spitting. | |
| squeak verb | /skwiːk/ | To emit a short, high-pitched sound. |
| squeaky adjective | /ˈskwiːki/ | Tending to produce a high-pitched sound or squeak. |
| whiteboard noun | /ˈwaɪtbɔɹd/ | A writing board finished with a hard white material, which can be written upon using special non-permanent markers and subsequently wiped clean. |
| syntax noun | /ˈsɪn.tæks/ | A set of rules that govern how words are combined to form phrases and sentences. |
| rusty adjective | /ˈɹʌsti/ | Marked or corroded by rust. |
| refresh verb | /ɹɪˈfɹɛʃ/ | To renew or revitalize. |
Phrasal verbs you will hear
| Word | Meaning |
|---|---|
| end up verb | To bring to a conclusion. |
| go over verb | To look at carefully; to scrutinize; to analyze. |
| break down verb | To stop functioning. |
| find out verb | To discover, as by asking or investigating. |
| go through verb | To travel from one end of something to the other. |
| look over verb | To check quickly; to make a brief or cursory visual inspection of. |
| sign up verb | To add a name to the list of people who are participating in something. |
| stand out verb | To jut out, protrude (from a surface etc.). |
Sentences worth repeating
Short, complete lines from the video that you can reuse in everyday conversation:
- Shhh, okay, let's be quiet.
- For me, it wasn't that helpful.
- Can I just explain it to you?
- Hey, can I talk now?
- Would you like to say goodbye?
Grammar in this video
The structures the speaker uses most, with the exact words from the video:
| Structure | In the video |
|---|---|
| Passive voice be + past participle — the focus is on what happens, not who does it | was called · was written · being tested |
| Present perfect have/has + past participle — a past action that still matters now | I've done · I've never heard |
| Relative clauses who / which + clause — extra information about a person or thing | woman who actually · specific, which is |
Pronunciation to watch
The speaker uses 56 contractions and reduced forms, such as don't, you're, I'm. Say them the short way, as you hear them.
- The “sh” and “zh” sounds: preposition /ˌpɹɛpəˈzɪʃən/, refresh /ɹɪˈfɹɛʃ/
- Long words — get the stress right: interviewee /ˌɪn.tɚ.vjuːˈiː/, preposition /ˌpɹɛpəˈzɪʃən/, developer /dɪˈvɛləpɚ/
How to practise with this video
- Listen to the whole video once without speaking and note the words you do not know.
- Shadow it sentence by sentence at normal speed, repeating each one until your rhythm matches the speaker.
- Record yourself and compare with the original, paying attention to words like algorithm, interviewer, slot.
What is the Shadowing Technique?
Shadowing is a science-backed language learning technique originally developed for professional interpreter training and popularized by polyglot Dr. Alexander Arguelles. The method is simple but powerful: you listen to native English audio and immediately repeat it out loud — like a shadow following the speaker with just a 1–2 second delay. Unlike passive listening or grammar drills, shadowing forces your brain and mouth muscles to simultaneously process and reproduce real speech patterns. Research shows it significantly improves pronunciation accuracy, intonation, rhythm, connected speech, listening comprehension, and speaking fluency — making it one of the most effective methods for IELTS Speaking preparation and real-world English communication.

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