Prática de Shadowing: HTML Links and Navigation Explained | HTML for Beginners #5 - Aprenda a falar inglês com vídeo
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Welcome back to TechAura!
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Imagine visiting a website and finding absolutely no clickable links.
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You couldn't visit another page, open an article, or navigate to another website.
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That would make browsing the internet pretty difficult, right?
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Luckily, HTML gives us something called hyperlinks.
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They're what make it possible to connect web pages together.
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Today, you'll learn how to create clickable links, navigate between pages, and even build your first navigation menu.
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Let's get started.
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Let's start with the basics.
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A HTML link, also called a hyperlink, connects one web page to another resource.
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That resource could be another web page, a website, a document, or even a specific section of the current page.
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When you click a link, your browser follows its destination.
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This is one of the most important features of the World Wide Web.
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But how do we create one?
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Let's find out!
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To create a link in HTML, we use the A element.
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A stands for anchor.
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Here's a simple example.
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We start with the opening A tag.
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Inside it, we have something called an attribute.
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It's called href.
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href specifies where the link should take the user.
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In this example, the destination is Google's website.
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Then, between the opening and closing tags, we write the text that users can click.
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Here, it's visit Google.
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Finally, we close the A element.
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Now, let's see the result.
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And that's it, you've just created your first HTML hyperlink.
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Let's take a closer look at href.
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href is short for hypertext reference.
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It tells the browser the destination of the link.
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There are different ways to use it.
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First, we have external links links.
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These take users to another website.
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For example, when someone clicks this link, the browser navigates to YouTube.
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Next, we have internal links.
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These take users to another page within your own website.
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For example, this link points to a page called About HTML.
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Notice that we don't need to write the complete website address when linking to a page in the same website.
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The browser uses the relative path to find the destination.
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Now, what if you want a link to open in a new browser tab instead of replacing the current page?
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HTML provides an attribute called target.
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When we use target with the value blank, the browser opens the destination in a new tab or window.
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Here's an example.
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We add target equals blank inside our anchor tag.
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And that's all.
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But there's one more detail worth knowing.
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For external links that open in a new tab, adding rel equals no opener is a good security practice.
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It prevents the newly opened page from accessing the original page through the browser's opener property.
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So remember, href defines the destination, target controls where the link opens, and no opener adds an important security protection.
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Now, let's use everything we've learned to create something practical.
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A navigation menu.
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Most websites have a navigation menu at the top.
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It helps visitors move between different sections or pages.
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To create one, we use the nav element.
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Nav represents a section of a web page containing navigation links.
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Inside it, we add our anchor elements.
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Let's create four links.
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The home link, the about link, the services link, and the contact link.
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Each link has its own destination.
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And just like that, we've created a simple HTML navigation menu.
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Now, you might be wondering why the menu doesn't look very beautiful.
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That's because we're only using HTML.
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We'll learn how to style navigation menus using CSS in a future lesson.
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Here's another useful trick.
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You can create a link that takes visitors directly to a specific section of the same web page.
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We call this an anchor link.
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First, we give an element a unique ID.
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In this example, our heading has an ID called contact.
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Then, we create a link using href with a hashtag followed by that ID.
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When someone clicks the link, the browser navigates to the element with the matching ID.
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This is especially useful for long articles, frequently asked questions, and table of contents sections.
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Now it's your turn, let's test what you learned.
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Your challenge is to create a simple navigation menu for your own website.
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It must contain a home link, an about link, a contact link, one external link to Google,
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and one link that takes visitors to a specific section of your web page.
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Pause the video and try writing the code yourself.
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Excellent!
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You've just created your first navigation menu and learned how to connect different pages and sections.
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You're making great progress!
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And that's everything for Episode 5!
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Today, you learned how to create hyperlinks, use the href attribute, open links in new tabs, and build a simple navigation menu.
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In our next episode, we'll discover how to add images to web pages using HTML.
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Don't forget to subscribe to TechHora.
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Keep learning, keep building, and stay curious.
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See you in episode 6!
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Vocabulário e dicas de fala para esta lição
Esta aula de conversação usa o vídeo “HTML Links and Navigation Explained”. As palavras que mais se repetem: link, page, create, website, Html. Este vídeo tem 86 frases e 824 palavras para praticar shadowing. A fala dura 5:20. O falante fala em ritmo natural, cerca de 154 palavras por minuto, próximo de uma conversa do dia a dia. Apenas 79% das palavras estão entre as 3.000 mais comuns do inglês, por isso o vocabulário é exigente.
Vocabulário principal deste vídeo
15 palavras do vídeo que vale a pena aprender, com pronúncia e significado:
| Palavra | Pronúncia | Significado |
|---|---|---|
| menu substantivo | /ˈmɛn.juː/ | cardápio, menu |
| navigation substantivo | /nævɪˈɡeɪʃən/ | navegação, náutica |
| destination substantivo | /dɛstɪˈneɪʃən/ | destino |
| element substantivo | /ˈɛləmənt/ | fundamento |
| anchor substantivo | /ˈæŋ.kəː/ | âncora |
| navigate verbo | /ˈnæv.ɪ.ɡeɪt/ | navegar |
| connect verbo | /kəˈnɛkt/ | conectar |
| visitor substantivo | /ˈvɪzɪtɚ/ | visita |
| attribute substantivo | /ˈæt.ɹɪˌbjut/ | atributo |
| resource substantivo | /ɹɪˈzɔːs/ | recurso, expediente |
| practical adjetivo | /ˈpɹæk.tɪ.kəl/ | prático |
| relative substantivo | /ˈɹɛl.ə.tɪv/ | parente, parenta |
| trick substantivo | /ˈtɹɪk/ | artimanha, truque |
| lesson substantivo | /ˈlɛs.ən/ | lição |
| curious adjetivo | /ˈkjʊɹ.i.əs/ | curioso |
Phrasal verbs que você vai ouvir
| Palavra | Significado |
|---|---|
| find out verbo | descobrir |
Gramática neste vídeo
As estruturas que o falante mais usa, com as palavras exatas do vídeo:
| Estrutura | No vídeo |
|---|---|
| Present perfect have/has + particípio passado — uma ação passada que ainda importa agora | you've just created · we've learned · we've created |
| Futuro com “will” will + verbo — uma decisão, promessa ou previsão | you'll learn · We'll learn · we'll discover |
| Present continuous am/is/are + -ing — algo que está acontecendo agora ou nestes dias | we're only using · You're making |
| Obrigação: must / have to / need to dizer que algo é necessário | need to write · must contain |
Pronúncia para ficar de olho
O falante usa 14 contrações e formas reduzidas, como don't, we'll, we've. Diga-as na forma curta, do jeito que você ouve.
- Os sons de “sh” e “zh”: navigation /nævɪˈɡeɪʃən/, destination /dɛstɪˈneɪʃən/, hashtag /ˈhæʃˌtæɡ/
- Palavras longas — acerte a sílaba tônica: navigation /nævɪˈɡeɪʃən/, destination /dɛstɪˈneɪʃən/
Sons difíceis para falantes de português:
- Consoante final — sem acrescentar um “i” depois: element /ˈɛləmənt/, navigate /ˈnæv.ɪ.ɡeɪt/, connect /kəˈnɛkt/, attribute /ˈæt.ɹɪˌbjut/, blank /ˈblæŋk/
- /l/ final — a língua toca o céu da boca, não vira “u”: practical /ˈpɹæk.tɪ.kəl/, clickable /ˈklɪkəbəl/
- /h/ — um sopro suave, diferente do “r”: hashtag /ˈhæʃˌtæɡ/, hyperlink /ˈhaɪpə(ɹ)ˌlɪŋk/, hypertext /ˈhaɪpəɹˌtɛkst/
Como praticar com este vídeo
- Ouça o vídeo inteiro uma vez sem falar e anote as palavras que você não conhece.
- Comece na velocidade 0,75×, faça shadowing frase por frase e volte à velocidade normal quando ficar fácil.
- Grave a sua voz e compare com o original, prestando atenção a palavras como menu, navigation, destination.
O que é a Técnica de Shadowing?
Shadowing é uma técnica de aprendizado de idiomas com base científica, originalmente desenvolvida para o treinamento de intérpretes profissionais. O método é simples, mas poderoso: você ouve áudio em inglês nativo e repete imediatamente em voz alta — como uma sombra seguindo o falante com 1-2 segundos de atraso. Pesquisas mostram melhora significativa na precisão da pronúncia, entonação, ritmo, sons conectados, compreensão auditiva e fluência na fala.