Практика Shadowing: Why FIFA Spends Millions On World Cup Grass - Изучайте разговорный английский по видео
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This 3D printed foot is helping scientists solve one of the World Cup's biggest logistical challenges:
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making the grass pitch feel the same at every stadium.
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We're simulating a 168 -pound soccer player, which is the average weight of the last two men's World Cups.
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Here at the University of Tennessee, turf grass researcher John Sorokin has spent the last seven years preparing North America to host the world's biggest sporting event.
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A World Cup pitch is one that's going to be uniform, consistent, aesthetically pleasing, and hopefully not talked about at the end of the game.
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But that's easier said than done.
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The 2026 World Cup will be played across 16 cities in Mexico, the United States, and Canada,
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with different climates, elevations, and the world's largest and stadium designs, all of which affect how grass grows and performs.
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Grass is a living organism.
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You abuse it, it will die.
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And once the tournament begins, there are no do -overs.
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The field has to withstand weeks of matches while remaining safe, consistent and camera ready for billions of viewers around the world.
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That's why FIFA has invested more than five million dollars into John's grass testing operation.
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So how is World Cup grass created?
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And what does it take to keep 16 pitches tournament -ready across three countries?
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It's a month before the 2026 World Cup kickoff, and John and his staff of more than a dozen researchers are still busy in their Tennessee lab.
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Since 2021, they've run more than 170 tests to solve a crucial problem.
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How do you make a field in Vancouver play the same as one in Miami?
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All World Cup fields have to have a natural grass surface because FIFA wants every pitch to feel the same.
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So when a team plays in Miami, for instance, on Bermuda grass, and they go to their next game in Boston on Blue Rye, it's going to be the same feel afoot.
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To make that possible, John invented the Flex device, a kind of crash test dummy for soccer fields that measures how firm,
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consistent, and safe a surface really is.
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All 16 stadiums will have one of these. to the turf.
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Sensors measure how the surface responds.
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And we can go across an entire pitch and look at 77 locations
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and come up with like a heat map and look at the variability of that surface.
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If one area is too soft, too hard or too slippery, Stadium crews can adjust the field before players ever step on it.
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Players are going to get hurt no matter what sometimes, but we want to lessen that likelihood that it's a result of the interaction with the surface.
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Keeping players safe is only part of the challenge.
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The ball has to roll and bounce the same way too.
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Even small differences in the grass can change the speed of the ball or the angle of a bounce.
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something Argentina's players complained about after a 2024 game in Atlanta.
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So they use this machine to fire soccer balls at the turf at different speeds and angles.
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Recreating everything from a simple pass to a shot on goal.
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It comes in at a 17 degree angle
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and we don't want it to come up at more than a 14 degree angle as it goes in.
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as we launch it.
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What we would normally have is high speed cameras, radar guns.
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Thank you.
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The measurements help crews fine -tune how each field is mowed, watered and maintained, so the ball comes off the surface at a consistent speed and angle.
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But keeping the grass the same gets a lot harder when there's no sunlight.
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The hardest climates and conditions are going to be the indoor stadiums, right?
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We have to rely on 100 % grow light situations because there's going to be no sunlight to help them grow.
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Without natural sunlight, the grass can weaken,
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recover more slowly, and be less resilient FIFA helped build this multi -million dollar research facility.
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So FIFA built a simulator dome that has grow lights to simulate those five stadiums.
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So we can grow grass inside with LED lights to simulate the sun.
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Each of these 12 bays mimics a different World Cup stadium.
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Some recreate fully enclosed venues, like Atlanta's Mercedes -Benz Stadium, while others replicate partial sunlight conditions, like at SoFi in Los Angeles.
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That helps researchers see how different grasses perform long before they're installed in a World Cup venue.
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simulate wear and tear.
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If you look down, it's got a roller, then we put soccer cleat studs on it.
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And when we go back and forth on the grass, we can simulate the cleat marks and the traffic.
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And this is how we simulate traffic on our individual plots.
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The goal isn't just to figure out which grass grows best.
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It's to learn how each field should be managed, such as lighting and treatment schedules.
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Now the pitch will recover between matches.
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After years of research, the team landed on a game plan.
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Kentucky bluegrass and ryegrass for cooler climates and indoor stadiums, and bermudagrass for cities with warmer weather.
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Which should be mowed at a slightly lower height and it grows different than the cool season grass, but they're very common grasses you might have on a golf course, home lawn or sports field anywhere.
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but we've just intensified the management to make it fit for World Cup soccer.
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The actual game pitches are grown on 11 farms across North America.
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They're planted on top of plastic sheets to protect the grasses roots, so they can be transplanted into stadiums.
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What happens is the roots hit that plastic and they don't penetrate the plastic so they grow laterally.
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This is an example of a small piece of the sod growing on plastic.
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the plant by cutting off its roots.
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-Harvesting enough for one pitch takes about a day.
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-You roll it up off of the plastic, and you can cut it like a pizza, and all those roots are intact.
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-Refrigerated trucks arrive at farms in the middle of the night to avoid traffic.
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After being harvested in North Carolina, one pitch is hauled 12 hours north to New Jersey.
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It's headed to MetLife Stadium, home to the World Cup Final, which will make it the most scrutinized field in the tournament.
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In 2022, one and a half billion people watched the Cup Final, roughly 18 % of the entire world population.
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Once the convoy of 27 trucks arrives, Workers spend two days installing the pitch on top of a base layer of sand.
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using rakes and asphalt rollers to level and stabilize the surface.
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So as it rains, that sand can drain really well.
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The following week, a Zamboni -like machine will inject millions of artificial fibers deep into the sand.
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So the natural grass roots can intertwine with them.
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They come in with the machine and stitch in these fibers.
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They act like rebar to stabilize the sand.
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95 % of the surface is going to be natural grass, and those fibers are below the canopy of the grass.
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So when a player runs and slides, they're not touching any of the fibers.
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There's a lot of layers that go into it.
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Kind of like a parfait.
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Crews mow daily, monitor moisture, and re -roll the surface after every match.
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So if you watch a World Cup game, you'll see just before the game They'll have the sprinklers on and water the whole field and get the grass wet.
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They'll turn the irrigation on again at halftime just before the players come out, get the grass wet again.
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And that helps the ball skip so it doesn't bounce too high.
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And it helps with the performance playability of the game, the speed of the game, and the quality of the game.
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And some of John's students will be there helping manage the fields in person.
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We've had a student that started working on this as a high school student.
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Now he's a freshman at the University of Tennessee.
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And this summer he's going to go work in Houston for one of the host cities.
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And that's the nice thing about this is the people that are all involved, love what they're doing.
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It's not work for them.
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This is a passion.
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Что вы научитесь
Этот видеоролик поможет вам улучшить навыки разговорного английского в контексте технической и научной речи. Вы научитесь понимать сложные предложения о логистике и исследованиях, а также практиковать разговор на темы, связанные с спортом и наукой. Кроме того, вы сможете тренировать shadow speech — технику повторения речи за носителем, чтобы улучшить ритм и интонацию.
Слушайте за этими звуками
В диалоге часто встречаются связки слов и редукции. Например: "it's a" превращается в /ɪtsə/, "that's why" — в /ðætswaɪ/. Обратите внимание на звук /θ/ в "Turf grass researcher" и "month", а также на длинное /i:/ в "needs" и "keep". Эти звуки помогут вам лучше усваивать связанную речь и улучшить произношение английского.
Говорите, как носитель
Чтобы подражать ритму и ударениям спикера, обратите внимание на сильные и слабые ударения. Например, в фразе "FIFA has invested more than five million dollars" сильные ударения падают на "FIFA", "invested", "five", "million", "dollars". Используйте технику shadowspeak: повторяйте фразы сразу после спикера, копируя его интонацию и темп. Это поможет вам сделать речь более естественной и уверенной. Практикуйте с короткими фрагментами, например: "Grass is a living organism" или "The ball has to roll and bounce the same way too".
Тренируя shadowing английский с этим видео, вы не только улучшите произношение, но и научитесь понимать речь на слух в быстром темпе. Это ключевой навык для успешного общения в английском языке.
Грамматика в этом видео
Конструкции, которые говорящий использует чаще всего, с точными словами из видео:
| Конструкция | В видео |
|---|---|
| Пассивный залог be + причастие прошедшего времени — важно, что происходит, а не кто это делает | will be played · is mowed · should be managed |
| Present Perfect have/has + причастие прошедшего времени — прошлое действие, важное сейчас | has spent · has invested · they've run |
| Придаточные определительные who / which + предложение — уточнение о человеке или предмете | player, which is · Final, which will |
Что такое техника Shadowing?
Shadowing — это научно обоснованная техника изучения языка, изначально разработанная для подготовки профессиональных переводчиков и популяризированная полиглотом доктором Александром Аргуэльесом. Метод прост, но эффективен: вы слушаете аудио на английском от носителей языка и немедленно повторяете вслух — как тень, следующая за говорящим с задержкой в 1–2 секунды. В отличие от пассивного прослушивания или грамматических упражнений, Shadowing заставляет мозг и мышцы рта одновременно обрабатывать и воспроизводить реальные речевые паттерны. Исследования показывают, что это значительно улучшает точность произношения, интонацию, ритм, связную речь, понимание на слух и беглость речи — что делает его одним из самых эффективных методов для подготовки к IELTS Speaking и реального общения на английском.