Практика Shadowing: Why Jasmine Oil Is So Expensive | So Expensive | Business Insider - Изучайте разговорный английский по видео
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Right now, these jasmine buds don't smell like anything.
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But once they bloom, producers in India process their coveted aroma into one of the priciest oils in the world.
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Just one kilogram of jasmine oil can cost over $5 ,000.
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It's a key ingredient in luxury perfumes.
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But to get one kilogram of some jasmine oil, these women need to pluck over 5 ,000 buds.
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So what does jasmine smell like?
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And why is the oil so expensive?
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For hundreds of years, jasmine has been used in India to make garlands and headpieces for special occasions.
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It's scent is sweet, fruity, and floral, blending well with other fragrances.
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And while India grows over 80 varieties of jasmine, jasmine grandiflorum and sambac are two of the most commercially valuable.
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It's been considered very divine.
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And sambac, especially even amongst other flowers, is considered one notch superior.
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It's the most preferred flower.
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Jasmine sambak has this ease, this friendliness, this happiness.
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It is a joyful scent.
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Jasmine sambak thrives in Madurai, the jasmine capital of India.
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Like any flower, jasmine produces a strong scent only after it blooms.
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But local sellers don't want jasmine flowers.
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They want the buds.
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That's because, once the flower blooms, the scent only lasts a few days.
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The buds last longer, so they're easier to transport, whether it be for garlands or oil extraction.
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Raja runs a jasmine oil company.
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But before Raja can produce the oil, he'll need to wait for the day's harvest.
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Jasmine is a night -blooming flower.
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To maximize the harvest and ensure the buds make it to the markets in time, harvesters head to the fields early.
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Rati is one of a handful of women tasked with plucking the buds.
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It's not as simple as grabbing each bud she sees.
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Only the right bud blooms that day, otherwise it's not going to bloom.
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So if it doesn't bloom, no fragrance.
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Deciphering which buds to harvest requires a keen eye, one that Ratti has trained over the last 10 years in these fields.
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Ratti goes to each bush one by one, plucking thousands of buds before she collects a kilogram of jasmine gathering
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that much takes her about an hour the work must be done gently by hand
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so as not to damage the buds damage
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or wilted buds mean more work for Rati jasmine is a
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very laborious picking process as a kilo of jasmine just to
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give you a perspective will have about 5 ,000 to 6 ,000 independent in flowers
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so to pick one kilo they have to move 5 ,000 times you know the hand moves back
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and forth 5 ,000 times to pick just one kilo of flowers
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but that's still a tiny fraction of the buds needed to
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produce a kilogram of oil for one kilogram of jasmine oil Raja needs one metric ton
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or 1 ,000 kilograms of flowers as she works Rati collects the buds in her sari to protect them
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and preserve to serve their fragrance.
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She'll harvest for about five hours straight.
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It's tedious and tiring, but it's critical for her to keep moving before it gets too hot.
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Then the buds head to the local market.
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Murugan is used to the market's chaotic energy.
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He's been sourcing jasmine for oil production for 18 years.
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Practically all corners of the market are full of buyers, bags of jasmine buds, and scales to determine the proper quantity for sale.
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The rate today is 500 rupees per kilogram.
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Before buying, he assesses the buds closely to determine if the size will be worth the price.
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When the sun has set, Raja's employees begin unloading bags full of jasmine buds back at the factory.
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The first step is to spread them out with rakes, and then again with their hands and feet.
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Spreading out the buds is crucial to preserving them.
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Leaving them in a big pile would generate heat, which would again cause them to wilt.
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Then Rajasthin waits until the flowers begin to bloom.
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The minute it starts blooming, it starts emitting the fragrance.
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And then after some time, you can see it emits a bad fragrance.
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So you know, there's a constant chemical reaction that's happening in the flower.
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For us, it's so important to capture the fragrance at the right moment, which is soon after it blooms, which is the best in terms of yield and the span.
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Like several other white flowers, jasmine is rich in indole.
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Ironically, indole is found in feces too.
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In the case of feces, there's too much indole, so it produces an unpleasant smell.
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But in limited amounts, it creates an appealing aroma, as it does with jasmine.
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When the jasmine has bloomed, Raja's team loads the flowers into four 5 ,000 -liter extractors.
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The flowers then soak in a solvent.
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Once the solvent absorbs the smell of the flowers, they remove all of the liquid.
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They're left with this waxy, hard substance called concrete.
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It's what Raja uses to finally extract the oil.
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You add alcohol into the concrete and then the concrete is separated off the waxes, it's filtered, and then we get the absolute.
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Jasmine sambac is the most coveted of all jasmine flowers, hence the high price.
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At its peak, jasmine sambac flowers can cost 10 times more than other types of jasmine.
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And when it comes to the final price of the oil, the majority of it depends on the cost of the flower itself.
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About 60 percent, the bulk of the cost, is attributed towards the flower cost itself.
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So it varies depending on the price of the flowers every year.
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The cost of one kilo of concrete is around $2 ,750 to $3 ,000.
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And the absolute is almost a double, like $5 ,500 plus per kilo of absolute.
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But jasmine sambac oil wasn't always this valuable.
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In fact, Raja says it was rarely harvested before the launch of Dior's Jador fragrance.
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That was when the sambac became the inthic.
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Before that, sambac was grown in India, but it was not really extracted.
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Today, jasmine oil extracts travel from India all the way to Paris, where they will be used in many high -end fragrances, particularly at Guerlain.
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Guerlain sources jasmine sambac oil directly from Raja.
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The signature of the house is made with jasmine and five other ingredients.
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So jasmine is almost everywhere.
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The company produces all of its fragrance blends in -house, including Mont Guerlain.
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Jasmine sambac is the star of Mont Guerlain.
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You have the top note of lavender.
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Blend then in the jasmine sambac florals you enjoy.
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Then comes the sandalwood and the vanilla.
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This is such a soft and beautiful fragrance.
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You know, it's weird.
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Sometimes you even surprise yourself smelling memories.
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Лексика и советы по произношению к этому уроку
В этом видео 92 предложений и 1100 слов для шедоуинга. Речь длится 9:09. Говорящий держит ровный темп — около 120 слов в минуту, удобный для шедоуинга. Только 73% слов входят в 3000 самых частых слов английского языка, поэтому лексика сложная.
Ключевая лексика этого видео
15 слов из видео, которые стоит выучить, с произношением и значением:
| Слово | Произношение | Значение |
|---|---|---|
| jasmine существительное | /ˈd͡ʒæzmɪn/ | жасми́н |
| flower существительное | /ˈfloʊɚ/ | цвето́к, цветы́ |
| bud существительное | /bʌd/ | по́чка, буто́н |
| fragrance существительное | /ˈfɹeɪɡɹən(t)s/ | арома́т, благоуха́ние |
| bloom существительное | /blum/ | цвет, расцве́т |
| harvest существительное | /ˈhɑɹ.vəst/ | жа́тва, страда́ |
| concrete прилагательное | /ˌkɑnˈkɹit/ | конкре́тный, определённый |
| scent существительное | /sɛnt/ | духи́, за́пах |
| extract существительное | /ˈɛkstɹækt/ | экстра́кт, извлече́ние |
| collect глагол | /ˈkɑlɪkt/ | собира́ть, собра́ть |
| depend глагол | /dɪˈpɛnd/ | зави́сеть |
| preserve глагол | /pɹəˈzɝv/ | защища́ть, защити́ть |
| floral прилагательное | /ˈfloɹəl/ | цвето́чный |
| ingredient существительное | /ɪnˈɡɹiːdi.ənt/ | составна́я часть, ингредие́нт |
| superior прилагательное | /sʊˈpɪɹ.i.ɚ/ | вышестоя́щий, вы́сший |
Произношение, на которое стоит обратить внимание
Говорящий использует 8 сокращённых и редуцированных форм, например don't, they're, doesn't. Произносите их коротко, так, как слышите.
- Звуки «th»: gather /ˈɡæðɚ/, thrive /θɹajv/
- Звуки «sh» и «zh»: capture /ˈkæp.(t)ʃɚ/, occasion /əˈkeɪ̯ʒən/, luxury /ˈlʌk.ʃə.ɹi/, crucial /ˈkɹuː.ʃəl/, fraction /ˈfɹæk.ʃən/
- Длинные слова — следите за ударением: ingredient /ɪnˈɡɹiːdi.ənt/, superior /sʊˈpɪɹ.i.ɚ/, practically /ˈpɹæk.tɪ.k(ə.)li/, ironically /aɪˈɹɑnɪkli/
Как заниматься с этим видео
- Прослушайте всё видео один раз молча и выпишите незнакомые слова.
- Повторяйте предложение за предложением на обычной скорости, пока ваш ритм не совпадёт с ритмом говорящего.
- Запишите себя и сравните с оригиналом, обращая внимание на такие слова, как jasmine, flower, bud.
Грамматика в этом видео
Конструкции, которые говорящий использует чаще всего, с точными словами из видео:
| Конструкция | В видео |
|---|---|
| Пассивный залог be + причастие прошедшего времени — важно, что происходит, а не кто это делает | been considered · is considered · must be done |
| Present Perfect have/has + причастие прошедшего времени — прошлое действие, важное сейчас | has been · It's been considered · has trained |
Что такое техника Shadowing?
Shadowing — это научно обоснованная техника изучения языка, изначально разработанная для подготовки профессиональных переводчиков и популяризированная полиглотом доктором Александром Аргуэльесом. Метод прост, но эффективен: вы слушаете аудио на английском от носителей языка и немедленно повторяете вслух — как тень, следующая за говорящим с задержкой в 1–2 секунды. В отличие от пассивного прослушивания или грамматических упражнений, Shadowing заставляет мозг и мышцы рта одновременно обрабатывать и воспроизводить реальные речевые паттерны. Исследования показывают, что это значительно улучшает точность произношения, интонацию, ритм, связную речь, понимание на слух и беглость речи — что делает его одним из самых эффективных методов для подготовки к IELTS Speaking и реального общения на английском.