跟读练习: Why Jasmine Oil Is So Expensive | So Expensive | Business Insider - 通过视频学习英语口语
选择练习模式
每种模式都会打开全屏练习室。
92 句
如果句子过短或过长，请点击 Edit 进行调整。
1
Right now, these jasmine buds don't smell like anything.
现在这些茉莉花苞一点香味都没有。
2
But once they bloom, producers in India process their coveted aroma into one of the priciest oils in the world.
但一旦开花，印度的生产商就会将它们珍贵的香气加工成世界上最昂贵的精油之一。
3
Just one kilogram of jasmine oil can cost over $5 ,000.
仅一公斤茉莉精油的价格就可能超过5000美元。
4
It's a key ingredient in luxury perfumes.
它是高端香水中的一种关键成分。
5
But to get one kilogram of some jasmine oil, these women need to pluck over 5 ,000 buds.
但要得到一公斤茉莉油，这些妇女需要采摘超过五千个花蕾。
6
So what does jasmine smell like?
那么茉莉闻起来是什么味道？
7
And why is the oil so expensive?
那油价为什么这么贵呢？
8
For hundreds of years, jasmine has been used in India to make garlands and headpieces for special occasions.
数百年来，印度一直使用茉莉制作特殊场合所用的花环与头饰。
9
It's scent is sweet, fruity, and floral, blending well with other fragrances.
它的香气甜美，带有果香和花香，能与其他香味很好地融合。
10
And while India grows over 80 varieties of jasmine, jasmine grandiflorum and sambac are two of the most commercially valuable.
虽然印度种植的茉莉品种超过80种，但大花茉莉和毛茉莉是其中商业价值最高的两个品种。
11
It's been considered very divine.
人们一直认为它极具神性。
12
And sambac, especially even amongst other flowers, is considered one notch superior.
而茉莉，即便在众多花卉之中，也被认为更胜一筹。
13
It's the most preferred flower.
这是最受欢迎的花。
14
Jasmine sambak has this ease, this friendliness, this happiness.
茉莉 Sambak 身上带着这份从容、这份亲和、这份愉悦。
15
It is a joyful scent.
这是一种令人愉悦的香气。
16
Jasmine sambak thrives in Madurai, the jasmine capital of India.
茉莉（Jasmine sambak）在印度茉莉之都马杜赖生长旺盛。
17
Like any flower, jasmine produces a strong scent only after it blooms.
和其他花卉一样，茉莉花只有在绽放后才会散发出浓郁的香气。
18
But local sellers don't want jasmine flowers.
但当地商贩并不想要茉莉花。
19
They want the buds.
他们想要那些芽。
20
That's because, once the flower blooms, the scent only lasts a few days.
这是因为，花朵一旦绽放，香气只能维持几天。
21
The buds last longer, so they're easier to transport, whether it be for garlands or oil extraction.
这些花蕾的保鲜期更长，因此无论是用于制作花环还是提取精油，运输起来都更加方便。
22
Raja runs a jasmine oil company.
拉雅经营一家茉莉精油公司。
23
But before Raja can produce the oil, he'll need to wait for the day's harvest.
但在拉贾生产石油之前，他需要等待当天的收成。
24
Jasmine is a night -blooming flower.
茉莉是一种夜间开花的植物。
25
To maximize the harvest and ensure the buds make it to the markets in time, harvesters head to the fields early.
为了实现丰收并确保花蕾及时上市，采摘者们早早便前往田间。
26
Rati is one of a handful of women tasked with plucking the buds.
拉蒂是为数不多被指派去采摘花蕾的女性之一。
27
It's not as simple as grabbing each bud she sees.
事情可不像随手摘下她看到的每一个花蕾那么简单。
28
Only the right bud blooms that day, otherwise it's not going to bloom.
只有右边的花苞会在那天开放，否则就不会开了。
29
So if it doesn't bloom, no fragrance.
所以它要是不开花，就不会有香味。
30
Deciphering which buds to harvest requires a keen eye, one that Ratti has trained over the last 10 years in these fields.
要判断哪些花苞可以采摘，需要敏锐的眼力，而拉蒂在这些田地里劳作的这十年间，早已练就了这样的眼力。
31
Ratti goes to each bush one by one, plucking thousands of buds before she collects a kilogram of jasmine gathering
拉蒂一株一株地走到每丛灌木前，摘下数千个花苞，才收集到一公斤茉莉花。
32
that much takes her about an hour the work must be done gently by hand
光是做这些就要花掉她大约一个小时，而且这项工作必须用手轻柔地完成。
33
so as not to damage the buds damage
以免损伤芽体
34
or wilted buds mean more work for Rati jasmine is a
或者说，枯萎的花苞意味着拉蒂茉莉需要更多照料，它是一种
35
very laborious picking process as a kilo of jasmine just to
采摘过程非常费力，因为一公斤茉莉花仅仅需要
36
give you a perspective will have about 5 ,000 to 6 ,000 independent in flowers
给你一个参考视角，这里大约有5000到6000朵独立的花卉。
37
so to pick one kilo they have to move 5 ,000 times you know the hand moves back
所以要采集一公斤，他们就得来回动手5000次。
38
and forth 5 ,000 times to pick just one kilo of flowers
来回五千次，才能采摘到仅仅一公斤的花
39
but that's still a tiny fraction of the buds needed to
但这仍然只是所需芽体数量的一小部分，远远不够
40
produce a kilogram of oil for one kilogram of jasmine oil Raja needs one metric ton
拉贾要生产一公斤茉莉油，需要一吨茉莉花瓣。
41
or 1 ,000 kilograms of flowers as she works Rati collects the buds in her sari to protect them
拉蒂劳作时会用纱丽兜住花蕾以保护它们，一次采摘的鲜花重量可达1000公斤。
42
and preserve to serve their fragrance.
并保留其香气以供享用。
43
She'll harvest for about five hours straight.
她会连续收割大约五个小时。
44
It's tedious and tiring, but it's critical for her to keep moving before it gets too hot.
这既枯燥又累人，但对她来说，在天气变得太热之前继续前进至关重要。
45
Then the buds head to the local market.
之后这些花苞就会被运往当地市场。
46
Murugan is used to the market's chaotic energy.
穆鲁甘已经习惯了市场里混乱喧闹的氛围。
47
He's been sourcing jasmine for oil production for 18 years.
他从事采购用于生产精油的茉莉花已有18年。
48
Practically all corners of the market are full of buyers, bags of jasmine buds, and scales to determine the proper quantity for sale.
市场的几乎每个角落都挤满了买家，一袋袋茉莉花蕾，还有用来称量待售货品准确重量的秤。
49
The rate today is 500 rupees per kilogram.
今天的价格是每公斤500卢比。
50
Before buying, he assesses the buds closely to determine if the size will be worth the price.
购买前，他会仔细评估花苞，判断其大小是否与价格相符。
51
When the sun has set, Raja's employees begin unloading bags full of jasmine buds back at the factory.
太阳落山后，拉贾的工人们回到工厂，开始卸下一袋袋装满茉莉花蕾的袋子。
52
The first step is to spread them out with rakes, and then again with their hands and feet.
第一步先用耙子把它们摊开，之后再用手脚把它们扒散铺平。
53
Spreading out the buds is crucial to preserving them.
将花蕾摊开摆放对保存它们至关重要。
54
Leaving them in a big pile would generate heat, which would again cause them to wilt.
把它们堆成一大堆会产生热量，这又会导致它们枯萎。
55
Then Rajasthin waits until the flowers begin to bloom.
随后，拉贾斯坦便静待花朵开始绽放。
56
The minute it starts blooming, it starts emitting the fragrance.
它一开始开花，就会散发出香气。
57
And then after some time, you can see it emits a bad fragrance.
过一段时间后，你会发现它散发出一股难闻的气味。
58
So you know, there's a constant chemical reaction that's happening in the flower.
你要知道，花朵内部一直在发生着持续的化学反应。
59
For us, it's so important to capture the fragrance at the right moment, which is soon after it blooms, which is the best in terms of yield and the span.
对我们来说，在恰当的时机捕捉香气至关重要，这个时机就是花朵刚开放后不久，此时无论是产量还是香气的持续时间都处于最佳状态。
60
Like several other white flowers, jasmine is rich in indole.
与其他几种白色花卉类似，茉莉花富含吲哚。
61
Ironically, indole is found in feces too.
颇具讽刺意味的是，粪便中也含有吲哚。
62
In the case of feces, there's too much indole, so it produces an unpleasant smell.
就粪便而言，吲哚含量过高，因此会产生难闻的气味。
63
But in limited amounts, it creates an appealing aroma, as it does with jasmine.
但只要用量适中，它就能散发出迷人的香气，就像茉莉花一样。
64
When the jasmine has bloomed, Raja's team loads the flowers into four 5 ,000 -liter extractors.
当茉莉花开时，拉贾的团队会将花朵装入四台5000升的萃取机中。
65
The flowers then soak in a solvent.
随后这些花会被浸泡在一种溶剂中。
66
Once the solvent absorbs the smell of the flowers, they remove all of the liquid.
一旦溶剂吸收了花香，他们就会除去所有液体。
67
They're left with this waxy, hard substance called concrete.
最后他们得到的是一种被称为混凝土的蜡状硬质物质。
68
It's what Raja uses to finally extract the oil.
这就是拉贾最终用来提取油的东西。
69
You add alcohol into the concrete and then the concrete is separated off the waxes, it's filtered, and then we get the absolute.
你往混凝土里加入酒精，之后混凝土会与蜡质分离，经过过滤，我们就能得到纯精油。
70
Jasmine sambac is the most coveted of all jasmine flowers, hence the high price.
茉莉（Jasmine sambac）是所有茉莉品种中最受追捧的，因此价格也居高不下。
71
At its peak, jasmine sambac flowers can cost 10 times more than other types of jasmine.
在价格高峰期，茉莉（Jasminum sambac）的售价可以达到其他品种茉莉花的十倍。
72
And when it comes to the final price of the oil, the majority of it depends on the cost of the flower itself.
至于精油的最终价格，绝大部分取决于花材本身的成本。
73
About 60 percent, the bulk of the cost, is attributed towards the flower cost itself.
约60%的成本，也就是其中的主要部分，来自鲜花本身的费用。
74
So it varies depending on the price of the flowers every year.
所以每年的价格会因花卉的价格而有所不同。
75
The cost of one kilo of concrete is around $2 ,750 to $3 ,000.
一公斤混凝土的成本约为2750至3000美元。
76
And the absolute is almost a double, like $5 ,500 plus per kilo of absolute.
而净油的价格几乎翻倍，每公斤净油的价格高达5500美元以上。
77
But jasmine sambac oil wasn't always this valuable.
但茉莉精油并非一直都这么贵重。
78
In fact, Raja says it was rarely harvested before the launch of Dior's Jador fragrance.
拉贾表示，事实上，在迪奥的 J'adore 香水推出之前，这种原料很少被采摘。
79
That was when the sambac became the inthic.
就在那时，茉莉香开始成为印蒂克香。
80
Before that, sambac was grown in India, but it was not really extracted.
在此之前，阿拉伯茉莉在印度已有种植，但并未真正进行萃取。
81
Today, jasmine oil extracts travel from India all the way to Paris, where they will be used in many high -end fragrances, particularly at Guerlain.
如今，茉莉精油提取物从印度一路运往巴黎，用于调配多款高端香水，娇兰尤其常用这类原料。
82
Guerlain sources jasmine sambac oil directly from Raja.
娇兰直接从拉贾处采购茉莉精油。
83
The signature of the house is made with jasmine and five other ingredients.
这款招牌特调采用茉莉花与另外五种原料调配而成。
84
So jasmine is almost everywhere.
所以茉莉花几乎随处可见。
85
The company produces all of its fragrance blends in -house, including Mont Guerlain.
该公司所有的香调配方均由内部生产，包括Mont Guerlain。
86
Jasmine sambac is the star of Mont Guerlain.
毛茉莉是娇兰蒙茉莉香水的核心香调。
87
You have the top note of lavender.
你能闻到薰衣草的前调。
88
Blend then in the jasmine sambac florals you enjoy.
接着加入你喜欢的茉莉鲜花混合均匀。
89
Then comes the sandalwood and the vanilla.
随后是檀香与香草的气息。
90
This is such a soft and beautiful fragrance.
这款香调非常柔和动人。
91
You know, it's weird.
你知道吗，这有点奇怪。
92
Sometimes you even surprise yourself smelling memories.
有时，当那些回忆随着气味涌上心头，连你自己都会感到惊讶。
同频道
C11
Why Matsutake Mushrooms Are So Expensive | So Expensive
Daily ConversationWorking Adults
B2The Rise And Fall Of The Mall
Daily ConversationWorking Adults
B21
Why Rolls-Royce Cars Are More Expensive Than Ever (with Supercar Blondie) | Well Spent
Daily ConversationWorking Adults
B27
Sneaky Ways Fast Food Restaurants Get You To Spend Money
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B22
Why Japan Can't Keep Up With America's Matcha Obsession | So Expensive | Business Insider
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B25
Why FIFA Spends Millions On World Cup Grass
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B21
Why This Watch Costs Over $450,000
Daily ConversationWorking Adults
B23
The Rise And Fall Of Forever 21 | Rise And Fall | Business Insider
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B22
How Toxic Green Mussels Feed Millions In Indonesia's Biggest City
Business EnglishWorking Adults
B24
The Real Reason Disney Is So Expensive
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B22
Tony Robbins One-On-One Coaching Session
Business EnglishWorking Adults
B22
Can Bamboo Replace Paper And Plastic? And Should It? | World Wide Waste | Business Insider
Business EnglishDaily ConversationUniversity Students
C19
Why Single-Origin Coffee Is So Expensive | So Expensive | Business Insider
Business EnglishWorking Adults
B27
Why Mangosteen, The Viral TikTok Fruit, Is So Expensive | So Expensive | Business Insider
Business EnglishDaily ConversationUniversity Students
B26
Why Stockfish Is So Expensive | So Expensive Food | Business Insider
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B21
How Ultra-Processed Foods Took Over America And Can Even Pass For Healthy | Business Insider
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B22
Why Steinway Grand Pianos Are So Expensive | So Expensive
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B23
This is how much it would cost to follow Argentina through to the finals at the #2026WorldCup. #FIFA
Travel EnglishWorking Adults
B22
The Hidden Process Behind Every FIFA-Certified Football | Big Business
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B14
How To Make Small Talk
Business EnglishDaily ConversationWorking Adults
FOR YOU
推荐视频
B23
75 句
Mastering the Art of Beauty Oils
American AccentBusiness EnglishDaily ConversationUniversity Students
B22
92 句
US Running Out of Emergency Oil - The SPR Hits 40-Year Low
Business EnglishDaily ConversationUniversity Students
B21
337 句
12 Fragrances That Smell Expensive (But Aren’t)
Daily ConversationWorking Adults
B21
188 句
The Victorian Language of Flowers, Explained
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B214
45 句
What makes art so expensive? | CNBC Explains
Business EnglishDaily ConversationUniversity Students
B21
36 句
Coconut industry growth revives local livelihoods | Vietnam Today
Business EnglishDaily ConversationUniversity Students
B25
257 句
Asking Young Female Millionaires How They Got Rich! (Miami)
Business EnglishDaily ConversationUniversity Students
C12
73 句
This scientist was shock3d to see how the Quran scientifically describes the life of bees
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B26
50 句
Why Diamond Prices Are Falling So Fast
Business EnglishDaily ConversationUniversity Students
B21
63 句
Why is Singapore so rich? | CNBC Explains
Business EnglishDaily ConversationUniversity Students
B21
23 句
Lemongrass Oil | How It's Made
Daily ConversationWorking Adults
本课的词汇与口语要点
这段视频共有 92 个句子、1100 个单词可供跟读。 讲话部分时长为 9:09。 说话人语速平稳，每分钟约 120 个词，很适合跟读。 只有 73% 的单词属于英语最常用的 3,000 词，词汇难度较高。
视频中的重点词汇
视频中 15 个值得学习的单词，附发音和释义：
| 单词 | 发音 | 释义 |
|---|---|---|
| jasmine 名词 | /ˈd͡ʒæzmɪn/ | 茉莉花, 茉莉 |
| flower 名词 | /ˈfloʊɚ/ | хуа, хуар |
| bud 名词 | /bʌd/ | 芽 |
| fragrance 名词 | /ˈfɹeɪɡɹən(t)s/ | 香味, 芬芳 |
| harvest 名词 | /ˈhɑɹ.vəst/ | 收穫 /收获 |
| concrete 形容词 | /ˌkɑnˈkɹit/ | 切實的 /切实的, 具體的 /具体的 |
| scent 名词 | /sɛnt/ | 香味, 香水 |
| extract 名词 | /ˈɛkstɹækt/ | 精 |
| collect 动词 | /ˈkɑlɪkt/ | 庋藏, 收藏 |
| depend 动词 | /dɪˈpɛnd/ | 信任, 信賴 /信赖 |
| floral 形容词 | /ˈfloɹəl/ | 花的, 花卉的 |
| ingredient 名词 | /ɪnˈɡɹiːdi.ənt/ | 成份, 材料 |
| superior 形容词 | /sʊˈpɪɹ.i.ɚ/ | 優越 /优越 |
| happiness 名词 | /ˈhæpinɪs/ | 幸福, 快樂 /快乐 |
| producer 名词 | /pɹəˈdjuːsə/ | 製作者 /制作者 |
需要注意的发音
说话人用了 8 次缩略和弱读形式，例如 don't, they're, doesn't。请按听到的简短形式来说。
- “th” 音: gather /ˈɡæðɚ/, thrive /θɹajv/
- “sh” 和 “zh” 音: capture /ˈkæp.(t)ʃɚ/, occasion /əˈkeɪ̯ʒən/, luxury /ˈlʌk.ʃə.ɹi/, crucial /ˈkɹuː.ʃəl/, fraction /ˈfɹæk.ʃən/
- 长单词——注意重音位置: ingredient /ɪnˈɡɹiːdi.ənt/, superior /sʊˈpɪɹ.i.ɚ/, practically /ˈpɹæk.tɪ.k(ə.)li/, ironically /aɪˈɹɑnɪkli/
如何用这段视频练习
- 先完整听一遍视频，不要开口，记下不认识的单词。
- 用正常速度逐句跟读，每句重复到你的节奏与说话人一致为止。
- 录下自己的声音并与原声对比，特别注意 jasmine, flower, bud 这类单词。
视频中的语法
说话人最常用的结构，并附上视频中的原话：
| 结构 | 视频中的用法 |
|---|---|
| 被动语态 be + 过去分词 — 强调发生了什么，而不是谁做的 | been considered · is considered · must be done |
| 现在完成时 have/has + 过去分词 — 过去发生但与现在仍有关联的事 | has been · It's been considered · has trained |
什么是跟读法？
跟读法 (Shadowing) 是一种有科学依据的语言学习技巧，最初开发用于专业口译员的培训，并由多语言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。这个方法简单而强大：您在听英语母语原声的同时立即大声重复——就像是一个延迟1-2秒紧跟说话者的影子。与被动听力或语法练习不同，跟读法强迫您的大脑和口腔肌肉同时处理并模仿真实的讲话模式。研究表明它能显着提高发音准确性，语调，节奏，连读，听力理解和口语流利度——使其成为雅思口语备考和真实英语交流最有效的方法之一。