跟读练习: How To Make Small Talk - 通过视频学习英语口语

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Have you ever been in an elevator only to realize you have nothing to say when your boss steps in?
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Before you hyperventilate, even thinking about it?
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Take into consideration these tips to become more conversational.
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Most opportunities spark from conversation.
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It's a free investment.
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You'll be recognized for taking the time to chat with that person that person.
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And a study from the University of Michigan showed
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that social interactions boost problem-solving skills by forcing you to read people's minds and take their perspective.
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First, look for someone approachable.
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Start with a smile and introduction.
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This puts everyone at ease.
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Communications expert Carol Fleming says to remember the acronym R.
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Anchor.
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Find something you have in common.
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This can be something you've experienced or something you're both experiencing in that moment.
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Reveal.
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Say something about yourself that relates to your anchor topic, creating trust and providing something for them to respond to.
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Encourage.
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This is your time to ask a question, prompting them to respond.
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Keep your questions open-ended.
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This allows for a more in-depth conversation.
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If you're stumped for a topic, stick to easy ones like their job, hobbies, and family.
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But always remember, stay away from controversial topics like politics.
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A compliment works well too, just be sure to transition the conversation afterward.
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Some people don't know how to handle them.
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Using the person's name in conversation will also yield good results.
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People appreciate the special attention.
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And remember to listen.
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People love to talk about themselves.
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Restate what you hear to show you are listening.
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Now is not the time to be shy.
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Get in that elevator, smile, and make small talk.
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本课的词汇与口语要点

这节 B1 级别的口语课以视频“How To Make Small Talk”为素材。 这段视频共有 32 个句子、279 个单词可供跟读。 讲话部分时长为 1:47。 说话人语速自然，每分钟约 156 个词，接近日常对话。 85% 的单词属于英语最常用的 3,000 词，其余的词建议在练习前先学一下。

视频中的重点词汇

视频中最难的 11 个单词，附发音和释义：

单词发音释义
anchor 名词/ˈæŋ.kəː/錨 /锚
acronym 名词/ˈækɹənɪm/首字母縮略詞 /首字母缩略词, 縮寫 /缩写
approachable 形容词/əˈpɹəʊ.t͡ʃə.bəl/容易接近的
conversational 形容词/ˌkɒnvə(ɹ)ˈseɪʃənəl/會話式的 /会话式的
hyperventilate 动词過度換氣 /过度换气
compliment 名词/ˈkɑmpləmənt/稱讚 /称赞, 道賀 /道贺
hobby 名词/ˈhɑ.bi/愛好 /爱好, 嗜好
spark 名词/ˈspɑɹk/火花
yield 动词/jiːld/產量 /产量, 產生 /产生
controversial 形容词/ˌkɑn.tɹəˈvɝ.ʃəl/有爭議 /有争议
interaction 名词/ˌɪn.təˈɹæk.ʃən/相互作用

需要注意的发音

说话人用了 5 次缩略和弱读形式，例如 you're, don't, you'll。请按听到的简短形式来说。

  • “sh” 和 “zh” 音: conversational /ˌkɒnvə(ɹ)ˈseɪʃənəl/, controversial /ˌkɑn.tɹəˈvɝ.ʃəl/, consideration /kənˌsɪd.əˈɹeɪ.ʃən/, interaction /ˌɪn.təˈɹæk.ʃən/
  • 长单词——注意重音位置: elevator /ˈɛləˌveɪtɚ/, approachable /əˈpɹəʊ.t͡ʃə.bəl/, conversational /ˌkɒnvə(ɹ)ˈseɪʃənəl/, controversial /ˌkɑn.tɹəˈvɝ.ʃəl/, consideration /kənˌsɪd.əˈɹeɪ.ʃən/

中文母语者容易读错的音：

  • /v/ — 不要读成 /w/，上齿轻触下唇: elevator /ˈɛləˌveɪtɚ/, conversational /ˌkɒnvə(ɹ)ˈseɪʃənəl/, controversial /ˌkɑn.tɹəˈvɝ.ʃəl/
  • 词尾辅音 — 要读清楚，后面不要加元音: prompt /pɹɑmpt/, compliment /ˈkɑmpləmənt/, spark /ˈspɑɹk/, yield /jiːld/, relate /ɹɪˈleɪt/
  • /r/ 和 /l/ 的区别: approachable /əˈpɹəʊ.t͡ʃə.bəl/, conversational /ˌkɒnvə(ɹ)ˈseɪʃənəl/, controversial /ˌkɑn.tɹəˈvɝ.ʃəl/, relate /ɹɪˈleɪt/

如何用这段视频练习

  1. 先完整听一遍视频，不要开口，记下不认识的单词。
  2. 先用 0.75 倍速逐句跟读，熟练之后再回到正常速度。
  3. 录下自己的声音并与原声对比，特别注意 anchor, acronym, approachable 这类单词。

什么是跟读法？

跟读法 (Shadowing) 是一种有科学依据的语言学习技巧，最初开发用于专业口译员的培训，并由多语言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。这个方法简单而强大：您在听英语母语原声的同时立即大声重复——就像是一个延迟1-2秒紧跟说话者的影子。与被动听力或语法练习不同，跟读法强迫您的大脑和口腔肌肉同时处理并模仿真实的讲话模式。研究表明它能显着提高发音准确性，语调，节奏，连读，听力理解和口语流利度——使其成为雅思口语备考和真实英语交流最有效的方法之一。

影子跟读法: 阅读完整分步指南 →