ฝึกพูดภาษาอังกฤษด้วยเทคนิค Shadowing จากวิดีโอ: Aviation English Photo Description: Runway Excursion

Welcome back to another photo description video.

The subject for today is going to be runway excursions.

I'm going to first start out by pointing out details of this photo and then give my own photo description.

I'll also include some relevant topics for discussion.

So, here we go.

So the aircraft is sitting partially submerged in the water.

Behind the aircraft we can see the end of the runway and tire tracks leading to the water's edge.

The aircraft itself seems to be a narrow body type, most likely a Boeing 737.

And that's just because of the shape of the fuselage and winglets, and the design of the windscreen.

Now let's start from the tip of the aircraft.

The front part of the nose is missing.

This part is referred to as either the nose cone or radome, since it houses the aircraft's weather radar.

Obviously it's not normal to fly without a nose cone, so it may have sheared off during the accident the accident, but since there are no cracks or dents,

it was most likely removed or disassembled after the event occurred.

Just behind the flight deck, we can see both forward emergency exit doors are open and the emergency slides have been deployed.

While the slide on the aircraft's left side is inflated, the slide on the opposite side is deflated.

The emergency slide could have been punctured by a sharp object or maybe it just didn't inflate properly to begin with.

Moving further back, we can see three people standing over the right wing

while another person is stepping out from the overwing exit door.

Since the four people don't appear to be dressed as crew members, I would say that they're most likely either accident investigators or government officials.

It also looks like these individuals made it from the shoreline to the aircraft via

that yellow raft floating just below the right wing.

Now let's zoom out and look at the fuselage.

From this point of view, it appears to be intact as there are no signs of dents, cracks, or major separation, especially

if we compare it to other photos such as this Caribbean Airlines 737 or this Kalita Air 747.

So the lack of any major structural damage leads me to believe

that the aircraft impacted the water at a fairly low speed

and hopefully there were no major injuries to the passengers or crew of this flight.

Surrounding the aircraft I see this long orange floating rope.

I don't know with certainty what it's used for but

if I had to guess I would say

that maybe there's a net underneath

and this net could be used to contain debris from the aircraft such as pieces of the wing

or landing gear it could also be used to contain toxic chemicals such as fuel oil

or hydraulic fluid and prevent them from spreading

and causing environmental damage now let's turn our focus to the

background of this scene here we see multiple vehicles parked on

the runway in grass including two fire rescue vehicles on the

left side of the photo there are also multiple people standing

on the shoreline looking towards the aircraft some of them are

wearing reflective clothing in order to be more visible some of

these individuals are also wearing a helmet known as a hard

hat to protect their heads these individuals may be news reporters safety inspectors

or members of the airport fire rescue team another part that's worth mentioning is

that light in the upper right side of this photo this

type of bright light known as a flood light is used to illuminate large areas at night

so this event probably occurred at night

and the floodlight was used to illuminate the scene

and help the airport fire rescue team to safely approach the aircraft there are some other clues

that make me believe this event occurred quite some time after this photo was taken. For example,

there are no lights from the fire rescue vehicles nor does anyone really seem to be in a sense of panic.

Alright, so now that we've gone over this photo, I'm going to provide my own photo description as well as talk about any topics

that may be discussed in the ICAO English test.

Alright, here we go.

Alright, so in this photo I see a narrow body aircraft, possibly a Boeing 737 that is partially submerged in the water.

This is clearly the result of a runway excursion since I can see part of the runway in the background

and the tire tracks leading to the water.

It looks like the airplane was safely evacuated because I can see at least two emergency evacuation slides that were deployed.

There's an orange line surrounding this airplane which is most likely there to prevent environmental damage by containing any debris

or hazardous fluids from the aircraft.

I see three or four people, possibly accident investigators, standing on the right wing of the aircraft

and it looks like one of them is stepping out of the emergency exit door.

They probably traveled from the shoreline to the aircraft using

that yellow raft that's sitting just below the leading edge of the wing.

Standing on the shoreline behind the aircraft are few more people.

Some of them are wearing hard hats and reflective clothing, so they may be accident investigators or news reporters.

There are also a few trucks and vehicles parked in the grass and on the runway, including two fire rescue vehicles on the upper left side of the photo.

I don't really see a sense of urgency among the individuals near and around the airplane, so I think this runway excursion happened well before this photo

was taken it also probably took a decent amount of time

to set up those orange cones around the runway edge

and to remove

that radome from the fuselage the floodlight at the upper right hand corner of this photo makes me believe

that this event occurred at night

so what could have caused this accident well like many accidents there's usually no single cause

but rather a number of contributing factors I can't tell if this occurred during takeoff or landing,

but the aircraft may have encountered some type of wind shear or convective activity.

If so, the pilots may have encountered stiff crosswinds or a tailwind

which would have greatly increased the stopping distance on the runway.

If storms were over the airfield, then the water on the runway from the rain would have certainly decreased the braking performance of the aircraft.

And speaking of braking performance, it's also possible that one of the braking mechanisms malfunctioned, such as the wheel brakes,

speed brakes, or thrust reversers.

We can't see if the thrust reversers were deployed in this photo since the engines are submerged, but it's clear that the speed brakes are not deployed.

But they may have been retracted before the aircraft was evacuated.

It's also worth noting the numerous professions involved in this event, such as the pilots, flight attendants,

air traffic controllers, and fire rescue.

Each has a unique role and I'd say the most important trait is good communication.

Since the captain is a pilot in command, he or she has full authority and responsibility of the airplane and everyone in it.

If I was the captain of this flight, I would immediately notify air traffic control of the situation and request that they send fire rescue.

I would also state the number of souls on board.

My radio call would sound something like, Tower, November 123, we just went off the runway and into the water.

We're partially submerged and have 150 souls on board.

We need you to send fire rescue.

Usually, the first officer makes all the radio calls while on the ground, but since this is such a critical situation,

I would just speak to ATC myself to make sure the proper information is communicated.

Next, I would direct the first officer to run the evacuation checklist.

This would ensure that the engines are shut off and the airplane is safe before everyone exits.

I would give the signal to evacuate and tell the passengers and flight attendants where we should all meet up.

Ideally, this would be a location that's far enough and safe enough from the crash site.

In this case, I would choose the runway edge.

100

I would then go back to the cabin and help facilitate the evacuation.

101

I would make sure that all the emergency exit doors were opened and the slides were deployed.

102

I would also make sure that every passenger and crew member safely exits the airplane.

103

Before exiting the airplane myself, I would try to take a few documents with me that could help the fire rescue team and the investigation.

104

These documents would include the final passenger count,

105

the aircraft's maintenance logbook, and the cargo report in case we had any hazardous materials in the cargo hold.

106

Now, as a first officer, my job would be to back up or assist the captain with his or her duties.

107

For example, I may communicate with the flight attendants while the captain is coordinating with air traffic control.

108

Once the evacuation has started, I would then go back with the captain and help the passengers exit the airplane and ensure that the slides were deployed.

109

I would also consider taking a fire extinguisher with me in case a fire broke out.

110

As a flight attendant, I would probably be incredibly stressed

111

and startled from the airplane leaving the runway and hitting the water so suddenly.

112

Nonetheless, I would have to keep my composure

113

and remain calm as I tell the passengers to release their seatbelts and get out.

114

I would also remind them to leave their luggage behind as it could slow down and prevent others from evacuating.

115

As a tower controller in this situation, one of my first responsibilities would be to notify airport fire rescue.

116

I would relay the number of souls on board told to me by the flight crew.

117

Depending on the size, the entire airport may be closed altogether.

118

My next task would be to close the runway by redirecting arriving and departing traffic.

119

I would instruct any approaching aircraft to go around.

120

I would also need to coordinate with other air traffic control sectors to reduce or stop the amount of arriving flights.

121

So that's my brief discussion on this photo and if you like this video please hit subscribe.

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คำศัพท์และข้อสังเกตด้านการพูดสำหรับบทเรียนนี้

บทเรียนฝึกพูดระดับ B2 นี้ใช้วิดีโอ “Aviation English Photo Description: Runway Excursion” เป็นสื่อ คำที่ถูกพูดซ้ำบ่อยที่สุด: aircraft, photo, runway, rescue, airplane วิดีโอนี้มี 121 ประโยค และ 1759 คำ สำหรับฝึกพูดตาม ช่วงที่มีเสียงพูดยาว 10:18 ผู้พูดพูดด้วยความเร็วเป็นธรรมชาติ ประมาณ 171 คำต่อนาที ใกล้เคียงกับบทสนทนาในชีวิตประจำวัน มีเพียง 81% ของคำที่อยู่ใน 3,000 คำที่ใช้บ่อยที่สุดในภาษาอังกฤษ คำศัพท์จึงค่อนข้างยาก

คำศัพท์สำคัญในวิดีโอนี้

คำที่ยากที่สุด 15 คำในวิดีโอ พร้อมคำอ่านและความหมาย:

คำศัพท์	คำอ่าน	ความหมาย
airplane คำนาม	/ˈɛɹˌpleɪ̯n/	เครื่องบิน, อากาศยาน
brake คำนาม	/bɹeɪk/	เบรก
evacuate คำกริยา	/ɪˈvæk.ju.eɪt/	อพยพ
evacuation คำนาม	/ɪˌvækjuˈeɪʃən/	อพยพ
investigator คำนาม	/ɪnˈvɛs.tɪˌɡeɪ̯.təː/	ผู้สอบสวน
cone คำนาม	/ˈkoʊn/	กรวย
inflate คำกริยา	/ɪnˈfleɪt/	ขยาย
raft คำนาม	/ɹæft/	แพ
dent คำนาม	/dɛnt/	รอยบุ๋ม, รอยบุบ
notify คำกริยา	/ˈnoʊtɪfaɪ/	แจ้งความ
surround คำกริยา	/səˈɹaʊnd/	ล้อม
tire คำกริยา	/ˈtaɪ̯ɚ/	เหนื่อย
cargo คำนาม	/ˈkɑɹɡoʊ/	สินค้า
deflate คำกริยา	/diːˈfleɪt/	แฟบ
startle คำกริยา	/ˈstɑɹt(ə)l/	ความตกใจ

กริยาวลีที่คุณจะได้ยิน

คำศัพท์	ความหมาย
break out คำกริยา	แหก

ไวยากรณ์ในวิดีโอนี้

โครงสร้างที่ผู้พูดใช้บ่อยที่สุด พร้อมคำพูดจริงจากวิดีโอ:

โครงสร้าง	ในวิดีโอ
ประโยคเงื่อนไข if + อนุประโยค, will/would + กริยา — เงื่อนไขและผลลัพธ์	if I had to guess I would say
Passive voice be + กริยาช่อง 3 — เน้นสิ่งที่เกิดขึ้น ไม่ใช่ผู้กระทำ	is referred · have been deployed · is inflated
Present perfect have/has + กริยาช่อง 3 — เหตุการณ์ในอดีตที่ยังเกี่ยวข้องกับปัจจุบัน	have been deployed · we've gone · has started

การออกเสียงที่ควรระวัง

ผู้พูดใช้รูปย่อและรูปลดเสียง 13 ครั้ง เช่น don't, can't, I'm ให้พูดแบบสั้นตามที่ได้ยิน

เสียง “th”: thrust /θɹʌst/, nonetheless /ˌnʌnðəˈlɛs/, altogether /ɔl.tuˈɡɛð.ɚ/, underneath /ˌʌndɚˈniθ/
เสียง “sh” และ “zh”: evacuation /ɪˌvækjuˈeɪʃən/, excursion /ɪkˈskɜː.ʃən/, fuselage /ˈfjuːzəˌlɑːʒ/, partially /ˈpɑɹʃəli/, shear /ʃɪɚ/
คำยาว — ลงเสียงหนักให้ถูกพยางค์: evacuate /ɪˈvæk.ju.eɪt/, evacuation /ɪˌvækjuˈeɪʃən/, investigator /ɪnˈvɛs.tɪˌɡeɪ̯.təː/, illuminate /ɪˈl(j)umɪneɪt/, coordinate /koʊˈɔɹ.dəˌneɪt/

เสียงที่คนไทยมักออกเสียงยาก:

เสียงท้ายคำ — ออกเสียงให้ครบ ไม่เปลี่ยนเป็นตัวสะกดแบบไทย: submerge /səbˈmɝd͡ʒ/, reflective /ɹɪˈflɛktɪv/, hazardous /ˈhæ.zɚ.dɪs/, convective /kənˈvɛk.tɪv/, disassemble /dɪs.əˈsɛm.bəl/
/v/ — ไม่ใช่ /w/ ให้ฟันบนแตะริมฝีปากล่าง: evacuate /ɪˈvæk.ju.eɪt/, evacuation /ɪˌvækjuˈeɪʃən/, investigator /ɪnˈvɛs.tɪˌɡeɪ̯.təː/, reflective /ɹɪˈflɛktɪv/, convective /kənˈvɛk.tɪv/
/z/ — เสียงก้อง ไม่ใช่ /s/: fuselage /ˈfjuːzəˌlɑːʒ/, hazardous /ˈhæ.zɚ.dɪs/, zoom /zuːm/

วิธีฝึกกับวิดีโอนี้

ฟังวิดีโอให้จบหนึ่งรอบโดยยังไม่ต้องพูด แล้วจดคำที่ยังไม่รู้จัก
เริ่มที่ความเร็ว 0.75× พูดตามทีละประโยค แล้วกลับไปใช้ความเร็วปกติเมื่อเริ่มคล่อง
อัดเสียงตัวเองแล้วเทียบกับต้นฉบับ โดยสังเกตคำอย่าง airplane, brake, evacuate เป็นพิเศษ

เทคนิค Shadowing คืออะไร?

Shadowing เป็นเทคนิคการเรียนรู้ภาษาที่ได้รับการรับรองทางวิทยาศาสตร์ พัฒนาขึ้นสำหรับการฝึกนักแปลมืออาชีพ วิธีการนี้เรียบง่ายแต่ทรงพลัง: คุณฟังเสียงภาษาอังกฤษจากเจ้าของภาษาและพูดตามทันที — เหมือนเงาที่ตามผู้พูดด้วยช่วงเวลาห่าง 1-2 วินาที การวิจัยแสดงว่าเทคนิคนี้ปรับปรุงความแม่นยำในการออกเสียง ทำนองเสียง จังหวะ การเชื่อมเสียง การฟังเข้าใจ และความคล่องแคล่วในการพูดได้อย่างมีนัยสำคัญ

เทคนิค shadowing: อ่านคู่มือฉบับเต็มทีละขั้นตอน →

ฝึกพูดภาษาอังกฤษด้วยเทคนิค Shadowing จากวิดีโอ: Aviation English Photo Description: Runway Excursion

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