Shadowing Practice: Business Partner A2+ Unit 4.1.1 - Learn English Speaking with Video
Ders oluşturuluyor...
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The way we work is changing fast and one clear example of this is our work patterns.
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This includes the hours people work,
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the type of contract employees have,
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and even the number of different jobs they work in.
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The traditional work pattern was based on permanent employees doing full-time jobs and fixed working hours.
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The typical office worker in the UK and North America
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worked from Monday to Friday and had a working day of nine o'clock to five o'clock.
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Indeed, people talk about nine to five jobs to describe traditional office work.
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However, that is changing.
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Today's global economy needs more flexible work patterns not nine to five jobs.
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We talked to some people about their working lives.
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I'm Sharni and I'm an accountant.
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I work full-time flexible hours,
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so that means some days I start early and finish early
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and some days I start later and finish later
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and I'll take breaks depending on what I need to deliver for the day.
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Some days I work in the office and some days I work at home.
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I have my office set up at home
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so I have everything I need to work as if I was in the office.
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I like working flexible hours.
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It gives me the ability to manage my career,
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but also be there for my children.
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This type of working isn't for everybody.
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Some people will work better with a fixed schedule and set hours.
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The advantages for my employer,
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for me to be a flex time worker,
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means that I'm a much happier employee.
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I can still maintain all aspects of my personal life and still pursue my career.
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Some people don't have permanent jobs with one employer,
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but work for employment agencies that find them temporary jobs in different companies.
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My name's Lauren, I'm a temporary worker,
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and that basically means that I work for an agency who send me on different assignments in different companies.
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I started temping during university,
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and I am still temping whilst I'm looking for a permanent role.
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The contracts that I'm assigned on last from around a couple days to a few months
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and this can include a range of different roles such as clerical as well as reception work.
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The advantages of being a temp worker are it gives you insight into loads of different industries
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and it allows me to see what kind of permanent roles I'll be interested in.
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There are some disadvantages to working as a temporary worker,
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and these include lack of job security,
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and it makes it difficult for career progression.
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Being adaptable is a very important skill in the job market,
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and temp work definitely allows me to build upon that skill.
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Freelance work for more than one company at the same time is also more common today.
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My name's Laurie.
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I'm a gig worker.
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And gig working means when you do lots of different types of jobs to earn a living.
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I work in the television industry and a typical week for me might involve,
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I might write a script,
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I might direct a film,
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or I might do some camera work.
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Depending on how many projects I have,
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I may work 20 hours one week and 40 hours another week.
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One advantage of being a gig worker is that it allows a lot of variety in my working life.
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Another advantage is that it allows me to do things in my free time
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that I wouldn't ordinarily be able to do if I had a full-time job job.
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One of the disadvantages to gig working is that there's not that much income security,
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so you don't always know where your next paycheck is coming from.
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It's clear that today there are many more work patterns than in the past.
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It's also clear that our working lives will continue to change in the future,
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and we will have to adapt to that.
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Outro Music
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Bu dersin kelimeleri ve konuşma notları
Bu videoda gölgeleme çalışması için 62 cümle ve 658 kelime var. Konuşma bölümü 4:12 sürüyor. Konuşmacı dakikada yaklaşık 157 kelimeyle, günlük konuşmaya yakın doğal bir hızda konuşuyor. Kelimelerin %82’i İngilizcede en sık kullanılan 3.000 kelime arasında; geri kalanına başlamadan önce bakmakta fayda var.
Bu videodaki önemli kelimeler
Videodan öğrenmeye değer 15 kelime, telaffuzu ve anlamıyla:
| Kelime | Telaffuz | Anlam |
|---|---|---|
| worker isim | /ˈwɝ.kɚ/ | işçi, emekçi |
| temporary sıfat | /ˈtɛmp(əˌɹ)ɛɹi/ | geçici |
| flexible sıfat | /ˈflɛk.sɪ.bəl/ | esnek, bükülgen |
| skill isim | /skɪl/ | beceri, maharet |
| employer isim | /ɪmˈplɔɪə/ | işveren |
| disadvantage isim | /ˌdɪsədˈvæntɪd͡ʒ/ | dezavantaj |
| earn fiil | /ɝn/ | hak etmek |
| script isim | /skɹɪpt/ | hat |
| pursue fiil | /pɚˈsu/ | kovalamak |
| reception isim | /ɹɪˈsɛp.ʃn̩/ | resepsiyon |
| adapt fiil | /əˈdæpt/ | uydurmak, adapte etmek |
| progression isim | /pɹəˈɡɹɛʃən/ | ilerleme |
| accountant isim | /əˈkaʊn.tənt/ | muhasebeci, muhasip |
| freelance sıfat | /ˈfɹiˌlæns/ | freelance- |
| adaptable sıfat | /əˈdæptəbəl/ | uyumlu |
Bu videodaki dil bilgisi
Konuşmacının en çok kullandığı yapılar, videodaki sözcüklerin aynısıyla:
| Yapı | Videoda |
|---|---|
| “might / may” ile olasılık might/may + fiil — mümkün ama kesin olmayan bir şey | might involve · might write · might direct |
| “will” ile gelecek will + fiil — bir karar, söz ya da tahmin | I'll take · will work · I'll be |
| Present continuous am/is/are + -ing — şu anda ya da bu sıralar olan bir şey | is changing · am still temping · is coming |
| Zorunluluk: must / have to / need to bir şeyin gerekli olduğunu söylemek | need to deliver · need to work · have to adapt |
Dikkat edilecek telaffuzlar
Konuşmacı I'm, don't, I'll gibi kısaltılmış biçimleri 13 kez kullanıyor. Bunları duyduğunuz gibi kısa söyleyin.
- “sh” ve “zh” sesleri: reception /ɹɪˈsɛp.ʃn̩/, progression /pɹəˈɡɹɛʃən/
- Uzun kelimeler — vurguyu doğru yere koyun: temporary /ˈtɛmp(əˌɹ)ɛɹi/, disadvantage /ˌdɪsədˈvæntɪd͡ʒ/, adaptable /əˈdæptəbəl/, ordinarily /ɔɹdɪˈnɛɹɪli/
Bu videoyla nasıl çalışılır
- Videonun tamamını konuşmadan bir kez dinleyin ve bilmediğiniz kelimeleri not edin.
- 0,75× hızla başlayın, cümle cümle tekrar edin ve kolaylaşınca normal hıza dönün.
- Kendinizi kaydedin ve orijinaliyle karşılaştırın; worker, temporary, flexible gibi kelimelere özellikle dikkat edin.
Gölgeleme Tekniği Nedir?
Gölgeleme, başlangıçta profesyonel tercüman eğitimi için geliştirilen ve çok dilli Dr. Alexander Arguelles tarafından popüler hale getirilen, bilim destekli bir dil öğrenme tekniğidir. Yöntem basit ama güçlüdür: ana dili İngilizce olan bir sesi dinler ve hemen yüksek sesle tekrar edersiniz — konuşmacıyı 1-2 saniye gecikmeyle takip eden bir gölge gibi. Pasif dinleme veya dilbilgisi alıştırmalarının aksine, gölgeleme beyninizi ve ağız kaslarınızı gerçek konuşma kalıplarını eşzamanlı olarak işlemeye ve yeniden üretmeye zorlar. Araştırmalar, telaffuz doğruluğu, tonlama, ritim, bağlı konuşma, dinleme anlama ve konuşma akıcılığını önemli ölçüde geliştirdiğini göstermektedir — bu da onu IELTS Konuşma hazırlığı ve gerçek dünya İngilizce iletişimi için en etkili yöntemlerden biri yapar.