Luyện nói tiếng Anh bằng Shadowing qua video: 2019 Stanford Commencement address by Tim Cook
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Stanford University.
Đại học Stanford.
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Please join me in welcoming Tim Cook.
Xin hãy cùng tôi chào đón Tim Cook.
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Thank you, thank you.
Cảm ơn, cảm ơn bạn.
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Good morning, class of 2019.
Chào buổi sáng, các bạn sinh viên khóa 2019.
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Thank you, President Tessier -Levine, for that very generous introduction.
Cảm ơn bà, Chủ tịch Tessier-Levine, vì lời giới thiệu rất nhiệt tình đó.
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I'll do my best to earn it.
Tôi sẽ cố gắng hết sức để có được nó.
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Before I begin, I want to recognize everyone whose hard work made this celebration possible,
Trước khi bắt đầu, tôi muốn gửi lời ghi nhận đến tất cả những người mà sự nỗ lực của họ đã làm cho buổi lễ kỷ niệm này trở thành hiện thực.
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including the groundskeepers, ushers, volunteers, and crew.
bao gồm cả những người chăm sóc sân bãi, nhân viên dẫn chỗ, tình nguyện viên và đội ngũ nhân sự.
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Thank you.
Cảm ơn bạn.
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I am deeply honored and frankly a little astonished to be invited to join you for this most meaningful of occasions.
Tôi vô cùng vinh dự và thành thật mà nói cũng hơi ngạc nhiên khi được mời tham dự cùng quý vị trong dịp sự kiện đầy ý nghĩa này.
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Graduates, this is your day, but you didn't get here alone.
Các bạn tốt nghiệp, đây là ngày của các bạn, nhưng các bạn không đến được đây một mình.
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Family and friends, teachers, mentors, loved ones, and of course your parents all work together to make you possible
Gia đình, bạn bè, thầy cô, người hướng dẫn, những người thân yêu và tất nhiên là cả cha mẹ của bạn đều cùng nhau góp sức để tạo nên con người bạn ngày hôm nay.
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and they share your joy today here on Father's Day let's give the dads in particular a round of applause
và hôm nay họ cùng chia sẻ niềm vui của bạn trong Ngày của Cha, chúng ta hãy dành một tràng vỗ tay đặc biệt cho những người cha nhé.
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Stanford is near to my heart not least because I live just a mile and a half from here.
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Of course, if my accent hasn't given it away, for the first part of my life, I had to admire this place from a distance.
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I went to school on the other side of the country at Auburn University in the heart of landlocked eastern Alabama.
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You may not know this, but I was on the sailing team all four years.
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It wasn't easy.
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Back then the closest marina was a three -hour drive.
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For practice most of the time we had to wait for a heavy rainstorm to flood the football field.
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And tying knots is hard. Who knew?
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Yet But somehow, against all odds, we managed to beat Stanford every time.
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We must have gotten lucky with a win.
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Kidding aside, I know the real reason I'm here, and I don't take it lightly.
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Stanford and Silicon Valley's roots are woven together.
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We're part of the same ecosystem.
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It was true when Steve stood on the stage 14 years ago.
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It's true today, and presumably it'll be true for a while longer still.
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The past few decades have lifted us together.
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But today, we gather at a moment that demands some reflection.
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Fueled by caffeine and code, optimism and idealism, conviction and creativity,
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generations of Stanford graduates and dropouts have used technology to remake our society.
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But I think you would agree that lately the results haven't been neat or straightforward forward.
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In just the four years that you've been here at the farm, things feel like they've taken a sharp turn.
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Crisis has tempered optimism.
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Consequences have challenged idealism.
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And reality has shaken blind faith.
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And yet we are still drawn here.
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For good reason.
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Big dreams live here, as do the genius and passion to make them real.
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In an age of cynicism, this place still believes that the human capacity to solve problems is boundless.
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But so it seems is our potential to create them.
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That's what I'm interested in talking about today today.
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Because if I've learned one thing, it's that technology doesn't change who we are, it magnifies who we are,
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the good and the bad.
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Our problems in technology, in politics, wherever, are human problems.
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From the Garden of Eden to today,
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it's our humanity that got us into this mess and it's our humanity that's going to have to get us out.
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First things first, here's a plain fact.
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Silicon Valley is responsible for some of the most revolutionary inventions in modern history.
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From the first oscillator built in the Hewlett Packard garage to the iPhones that I know you're holding in your hands.
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social media shareable videos snaps and stories
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that connect half the people on earth they all trace their roots to Stanford's backyard
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but lately it seems this industry is becoming better known for a less noble innovation the belief
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that you can claim credit without accepting responsibility.
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We see it every day now with every data breach,
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every privacy violation, every blind eye turned to hate speech, fake news poisoning our national conversation,
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the false miracles in exchange for a single drop of your blood it.
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Too many seem to think that good intentions excuse away harmful outcomes.
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But whether you like it or not, what you build and what you create define who you are.
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It feels a bit crazy that anyone should have to say this, but if you've built a chaos factory, you You can't dodge responsibility for the chaos.
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Taking responsibility means having the courage to think things through.
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And there are few areas where this is more important than privacy.
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If we accept as normal and unavoidable that everything in our lives can be aggregated,
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sold or even leaked in the event of a hack, then we lose so much more than data.
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We lose the freedom to be human.
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Think about what's at stake.
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Everything you write, everything you say, every topic of curiosity, every stray thought,
Mọi thứ bạn viết, mọi thứ bạn nói, mọi chủ đề khiến bạn tò mò, mọi suy nghĩ thoáng qua,
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every impulsive purchase, every moment of frustration or weakness, every gripe or complaint every secret shared in confidence.
mỗi lần mua hàng bốc đồng, mỗi khoảnh khắc bực bội hay yếu đuối, mỗi lời phàn nàn hay than phiền, mỗi bí mật được chia sẻ trong sự tin tưởng.
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In a world without digital privacy, even if you have done nothing wrong other than think differently,
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you begin to censor yourself.
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Not entirely at first, just a little bit by bit.
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To risk less, to hope less, to imagine less, to dare less, to create less, to try less,
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to talk less, to think less.
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The chilling effect of digital surveillance is profound and it touches everything.
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What a small unimaginative world we would end up with.
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Not entirely at first, just a little, bit by bit.
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Ironically, it's the kind of environment that would have stopped Silicon Valley before it had ever gotten started.
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We deserve better.
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You deserve better.
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However, if we believe that freedom means an environment where great ideas can take root,
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where they can grow and be nurtured without fear of irrational restrictions or burdens, then it's our duty to change course.
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Because your generation ought to have the same freedom to shape the future as the generation that came before for.
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Graduates, at the very least, learn from these mistakes.
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If you want to take credit, first, learn to take responsibility.
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Now, a lot of you, the vast majority, won't find yourselves in tech at all.
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That's as it should be.
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We need your minds at work far and wide
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because our challenges are great and they can't be solved by any single industry.
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No matter where you go, no matter what you do, I know you will be ambitious.
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You wouldn't be here today if you weren't.
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Match that ambition with humility.
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A humility of purpose.
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That doesn't mean being tamer, being smaller, being less than what you do.
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It's the opposite.
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It's about serving something greater.
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The author Madeline L 'Engle wrote,
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Humility is throwing oneself away in complete concentration on something or someone else.
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In other words, whatever you do with your life, be a builder.
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You don't have to start from scratch to build something monumental.
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And conversely, the best founders,
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the ones whose creations last and whose reputations grow rather than shrink with passing time,
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they spend most of their time building piece by piece.
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Builders are comfortable in the belief that their life's work will one day be bigger than them, bigger than any one person.
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They're mindful that its effects will span generations.
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That's not an accident.
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In a way, it's the whole point.
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In a few days, we will mark the 50th anniversary of the riots at Stonewall.
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When the patrons of the Stonewall Inn showed up that night, people of all races, gay and transgender,
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young and old, they had no idea what history had in store for them.
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It would have seemed foolish to dream it.
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When the door was busted open by police, it was not the knock of opportunity or the call of destiny.
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It was just another instance of the world telling them that they ought to feel worthless for being different.
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But the group gathered there felt something strange,
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strength in them, a conviction that they deserve something better than the shadows and better than oblivion.
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And if it wasn't going to be given, then they were going to have to build it themselves.
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I was eight years old and a thousand miles away when Stonewall happened.
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There were no news alerts, no way for photos to go viral,
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no mechanism for a kid on the Gulf Coast to hear these unlikely heroes tell their stories.
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Greenwich Village may as well have been a different planet,
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though I can tell you that the slurs and hatreds were the same.
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What I would not know for a long time was what
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I owed to a group of people I never knew in a place I'd never been.
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Yet, I will never stop being grateful for what they had the courage to build.
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Graduates, being a builder is about believing
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that you cannot possibly be the greatest cause on this earth because you aren't built to last.
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It's about making peace with the fact that you won't be here for the end of the story.
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That brings me to my last bit of advice.
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14 years ago, Steve stood on this stage and told your predecessors,
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your time is limited, so don't waste it living someone else's life.
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Here's my corollary.
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Your mentors may leave you prepared, but they can't leave you ready.
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When Steve got sick, I had hardwired my thinking to the belief that he would get better.
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I not only thought he would hold on, I was convinced down to my core that he'd still be guiding Apple long after I,
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myself, was gone.
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Then one day, he called me over to his house and told me that it wasn't going to be that way.
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Even then, I was convinced he would stay on as chairman, that he would step back from the day -to -day but always be there as a sounding board.
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But there was no reason to believe that.
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I never should have thought it.
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The facts were all there.
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And when he was gone,
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truly gone, I learned the real visceral difference between preparation and readiness.
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It was the loneliest I've ever felt in my life by an order of magnitude.
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It was one of those moments where you can be surrounded by people, yet you don't really see, hear, or feel them.
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But I could sense their expectations.
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When the dust settled, all I knew was
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that I was going to have to be the best version of myself that I could be.
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I knew that if you got out of bed every morning and set your watch by what other people expect or demand, it'd drive you crazy.
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So what was true then is true now.
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Don't waste your time living someone else's life.
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Don't try to emulate the people who came before you to the exclusion of everything else contorting into a shape
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that doesn't fit.
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It takes too much mental effort, effort that should be dedicated to creating and building.
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You'll waste precious time trying to rewire your every thought.
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And in the meantime, you won't be fooling anybody.
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Graduates, the fact is, when your time comes, and it will, you'll never be ready.
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But you're not supposed to be.
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Find the hope in the unexpected.
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Find the courage in the challenge.
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Find your vision on the solitary road.
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Don't get distracted.
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There are too many people who want credit without responsibility.
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Too many who show up for the ribbon cutting without building anything worth a dam. Be different.
Quá nhiều người chỉ đến dự lễ cắt băng khánh thành mà chẳng xây dựng được thứ gì đáng giá cả. Hãy khác biệt đi.
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Leave something worthy.
Để lại những điều có giá trị.
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And always remember that you can't take it with you.
Và hãy luôn nhớ rằng bạn không thể mang theo bất cứ thứ gì khi ra đi.
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You're going to have to pass it on.
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Thank you very much and congratulations to the class of 2019!
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Thank you.
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Từ vựng và ghi chú luyện nói cho bài học này
Video này có 168 câu và 1952 từ để luyện shadowing. Phần lời nói dài 18:00. Người nói nói chậm, khoảng 108 từ mỗi phút, đủ thời gian để bạn bắt chước từng âm. 83% số từ nằm trong 3.000 từ tiếng Anh thông dụng nhất; phần còn lại nên xem trước khi luyện.
Từ vựng quan trọng trong video
15 từ đáng học trong video, kèm phiên âm và nghĩa:
| Từ | Phiên âm | Nghĩa |
|---|---|---|
| privacy danh từ | /ˈpɹaɪ.və.si/ | sự riêng tư |
| courage danh từ | /ˈkʌ.ɹɪd͡ʒ/ | can đảm |
| builder danh từ | /ˈbɪl.dəɹ/ | chủ thầu |
| solve động từ | /sɒlv/ | giải quyết |
| humanity danh từ | /hjuˈmænɪti/ | nhân loại, loài người |
| chaos danh từ | /ˈkeɪˌɑs/ | hỗn loạn |
| convince động từ | /kənˈvɪns/ | thuyết phục |
| optimism danh từ | /ˈɑptɪmɪzəm/ | sự lạc quan |
| topic danh từ | /ˈtɑpɪk/ | chủ đề |
| earn động từ | /ɝn/ | kiếm |
| sharp tính từ | /ʃɑɹp/ | sắc, bén |
| reputation danh từ | /ˌɹɛpjʊˈteɪʃən/ | danh giá, danh tiếng |
| founder danh từ | /ˈfaʊ̯n.dəː/ | người sáng lập |
| passion danh từ | /ˈpæʃən/ | đam mê |
| shadow danh từ | /ˈʃædəʊ̯/ | bóng, bóng tối |
Phát âm cần chú ý
Người nói dùng 45 dạng rút gọn, ví dụ don't, can't, doesn't. Hãy nói theo dạng ngắn đúng như bạn nghe.
- Âm “th”: gather /ˈɡæðɚ/, worthy /ˈwɝ.ði/, worthless /ˈwɜːθ.ləs/
- Âm “sh” và “zh”: conviction /kənˈvɪkʃən/, sharp /ʃɑɹp/, reputation /ˌɹɛpjʊˈteɪʃən/, passion /ˈpæʃən/, shadow /ˈʃædəʊ̯/
- Từ dài — đặt trọng âm cho đúng: humility /hjuːˈmɪlɪti/, humanity /hjuˈmænɪti/, optimism /ˈɑptɪmɪzəm/, reputation /ˌɹɛpjʊˈteɪʃən/, congratulations /kənˌɡɹæt͡ʃəˈleɪʃ(ə)nz/
Cách luyện với video này
- Nghe hết video một lần, chưa cần nói, và ghi lại những từ bạn chưa biết.
- Nói đuổi từng câu ở tốc độ bình thường, lặp lại mỗi câu đến khi nhịp của bạn khớp với người nói.
- Ghi âm giọng mình rồi so với bản gốc, chú ý các từ như privacy, courage, builder.
Ngữ pháp trong video
Những cấu trúc người nói dùng nhiều nhất, kèm đúng cụm từ trong video:
| Cấu trúc | Trong video |
|---|---|
| Thì hiện tại hoàn thành have/has + quá khứ phân từ — việc đã xảy ra nhưng còn liên quan đến hiện tại | hasn't given · have lifted · have used |
| Câu bị động be + quá khứ phân từ — nhấn vào việc xảy ra, không phải người làm | be invited · are still drawn · can be aggregated |
| Mệnh đề quan hệ who / which + mệnh đề — thêm thông tin về người hoặc vật | people who came · people who want |
Phương Pháp Shadowing Là Gì?
Shadowing là kỹ thuật học ngôn ngữ có cơ sở khoa học, ban đầu được phát triển cho chương trình đào tạo phiên dịch viên chuyên nghiệp và được phổ biến rộng rãi bởi nhà đa ngôn ngữ học Dr. Alexander Arguelles. Nguyên lý cốt lõi đơn giản nhưng cực kỳ hiệu quả: bạn nghe tiếng Anh của người bản xứ và lặp lại to ngay lập tức — như một "cái bóng" (shadow) đuổi theo người nói với độ trễ chỉ 1–2 giây. Khác với luyện ngữ pháp hay học từ vựng bị động, Shadowing buộc não bộ và cơ miệng phải đồng thời xử lý và tái tạo ngôn ngữ thực tế. Các nghiên cứu khoa học xác nhận phương pháp này cải thiện đáng kể phát âm, ngữ điệu, nhịp điệu, nối âm, kỹ năng nghe và độ lưu loát khi nói — đặc biệt hiệu quả cho người luyện IELTS Speaking và muốn giao tiếp tiếng Anh tự nhiên như người bản ngữ.