Luyện nói tiếng Anh bằng Shadowing qua video: A Journey Inside Your Body
Đang tạo bài học...
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Hey dude. My name’s Gilbert.
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Gilbert The Grape.
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Yeah the name was my dad’s idea… Anyway, today I’m going on an epic journey…through the human body!
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So, wanna watch?
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The trip starts as the human heads to the office lunch room, opens his lunchbox, and finds me in there.
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What else has he got here?
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A turkey sandwich, some yogurt, hmm!
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I see he’s taken a bite of his sandwich.
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Oh! Now it’s my turn!
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He’s popped me into his mouth – it’s go time!
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Gotta be honest, it’s pretty wet and warm in here.
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The mouth is the gateway to the digestive system.
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That system is designed specifically to transform food into useful nutrients that keep you energized and help your cells grow and repair.
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So, once you grab the first bite of whatever you’re eating, you turn on the digestion machine.
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As you chew, food is broken up into pieces to make the process easier.
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Saliva comes in handy as it mixes with food and breaks it down even more.
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That way, your stomach doesn’t have to digest whole chunks of food.
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By the way, here’s a fun fact – the amount of saliva you produce in a year could fill 2 medium-sized bathtubs!
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Almost a pool full of drool!
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It’s really raining spit in here, ew!
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Whoa, I better watch out for these teeth!
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Wouldn’t wanna end up like Turkey Boy over there.
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It’s hard since this guy’s using his tongue to roll food around his mouth and toward his teeth.
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I don’t really feel like becoming jam today, so I’m just gonna bypass all this chewing!
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Down the chute we go!
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Weee!!! We’re now heading into the throat – they also call it the pharynx.
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Uh-oh, fork in the road.
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Which way do I go?
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Eenie meenie miney moe –looks like this way we must go.
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Hang on, I think I took a wrong turn.
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Why is everything shaking?
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Aw, poor human is coughing like crazy – someone give him a nice slap on the back.
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There we go, coming back up!
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Sorry, dude!
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Phew, that was close!
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Almost ended up in his lungs – that wouldn’t be good.
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Alright, I’m back on the road, so let’s give it another try.
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I’ve CORRECTLY turned into the swallowing tube that goes by the sophisticated name of esophagus.
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I like to call it the “food chute” but it’s a lot less spacey than I imagined!
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I’m getting kinda squooshed in here.
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Uh oh, how do I keep going down?
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Ah, I see. The muscles in the walls of this guy’s esophagus are squeezing behind me and relaxing in front of me.
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This is a process called peristalsis, and it’s what moves me through your digestive system.
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A couple seconds later, and we’ve now reached the end of the tunnel.
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There’s a muscle here that opens up to let food into the stomach and keeps it from coming back out into the esophagus.
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It’s kinda like the TSA in a way.
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I’m just a tourist here, sir, please let me in.
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Yay! I’ve passed through the valve and into the stomach.
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It reminds me of a sac and … let me try those walls.
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Wow, that’s a strong one – it’s all muscle.
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I’m not surprised, actually.
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The stomach holds, mixes, and grinds the food up into mush, so it has to be pretty strong.
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Quite honestly, this doesn’t look too … oh my, what’s that?
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That burns like crazy!
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Ooh, ooh, hot!
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I gotta get out of this stomach acid or else I’ll turn into liquid or paste like Turkey Sandwich over there!
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That’s okay, I’ve come prepared!
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I brought this handy-dandy little device that’ll incase me in a protective bubble.
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Your food usually doesn’t have this, but I got…connections.
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It’s classified.
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I just have to push this button...
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There, now I can keep talking to you the whole way instead of turning into grape jelly.
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Next stop – the small intestine!
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This long coiled snaky organ is made up of 3 sections.
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When I say long, I mean it – if you spread it out (which I don’t recommend doing because you need it to be coiled…and inside of you…), you’d get a tube that’s over 20 feet in length!
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Yep, that’s as long as a giraffe is tall…all stuffed into your insides!
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I must say, it’s pretty warm in here.
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Almost feels like a tropical resort, except I’m in an ocean of … bile!
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Oh yeah, I’m protected in my little bubble, no worries!
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Bile is crucial to digest fat and take all the waste out of your blood, so be thankful your liver produces it.
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Your pancreas also helps the process with some good enzymes.
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And that thing over there that looks like a pear – that’s the gallbladder.
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It’s located under the liver and keeps bile in it until the right moment comes.
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Man, this thing really is coiled, huh?
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I’m getting kinda dizzy from the twists and turns.
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But no going back now – these contracting intestinal walls keep pushing me forward.
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Looks like I’m already in the final section of the small intestine and on to the next leg of my journey – the large intestine!
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Also known as the colon, it’s a muscular tube that’s 5 to 6 feet long.
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Hold the phone.
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Shh. Do you hear that?
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I’m not alone.
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I’m surrounded.
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They’re coming in closer.
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It’s…It’s…bacteria!
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There’s tons of them in here!
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Uh-oh, is this person sick with some intestinal parasite or something?
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Nah, your intestines need good bacteria to help them break down food, vitamins, and nutrients so that your body can use them.
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Sup, peeps?
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Hey, what’s that little dangly thing over there at the entrance?
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Ah, that must be the appendix.
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It doesn’t do much besides house bacteria that might need to be released into the gut.
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It’s also got some tissues that are useful for your immune system.
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But it’s mostly a useless little thing, so people can still live without it.
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Hey, if your appendix gets inflamed, a doctor will cut it out of you!
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Really! Looks like this guy still has his.
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Good for you!
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Anyway, we’re now in the large intestine, and I’m glad it’s a little roomier in here.
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Had I not grabbed my fancy top-secret protective bubble, I’d be talking to you now as a liquidy yellowish mush of waste.
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As these muscle contractions push me through the colon, I’d have all the water sucked out of me.
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My final form: stool.
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Yep, poo, do-do, #2, feces, whatever you like to call it, it’s formed in the large intestine.
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Still loads of bacteria all over the place.
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They’re really hard at work, eh?
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Well, there can’t be too little or too many – otherwise you’d have digestive problems like food intolerances.
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They also play a major role in your immunity, and that’s why you have trillions of them in your gut.
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Keep up the good work, guys!
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I'm on my way through the left colon.
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When it gets too full of stool, it decides to dump it all into the rectum because it can't hold it all by itself.
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It usually takes about 36 hours for what’s left of your food (not much now, just waste) to reach this point.
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But I’ve been speeding through this journey because I’ve got some other grape stuff to do.
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So let’s head to the rectum already.
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Geronimo!!!
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The rectum is a straight chamber that’s about 8 inches long.
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It has special sensors, like this one or that one there, that let you know when there’s something you should get rid of.
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They send a signal to the brain when stool or gas wanna make their exit.
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That’s about the time when a thought pops up in your brain, “Oh, gotta go to the bathroom!” If the moment is right for you (that is, you find a toilet), the sphincters relax, and ta-da!
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Your stool makes its exit.
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Buh-bye, pizza from yesterday’s breakfast!
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What? No one else here has cold pizza for breakfast?
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Alright, then let me know down in the comments, what your typical breakfast looks like!
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Anyway, when the moment isn’t exactly right to release stool just yet, your sphincters contract.
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Those rectum sensors help too so that the urge to release its contents disappears for a while.
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You should be happy your rectum and sphincters are working hard to keep stuff in when the timing isn’t good.
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Like when you’re driving to work, on a date, getting groceries, sleeping!
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But when you just can’t resist the urge anymore, the external sphincter, also called the anus, gives you a couple more minutes or however long you need until you make it to the bathroom!
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Well, not sure if the human is ready, but I’d really like to go now.
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Maybe I can hotwire these sensors to make my great escape.
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Oh yeah, this guy is at work, isn’t he?
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Um, this is gonna be awkward…Of course, normal food doesn't leave your body in such a graceful manner.
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You wouldn't even recognize what was what!
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But as for me, Gilbert The Grape, I still have important things to do, so hey, bub, let’s hit the john!
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I’m outta here!
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Byeee! Well that was different.
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Hey, if you learned something new today, then give the video a like and share it with a friend!
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And here are some other cool videos I think you'll enjoy.
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Just click to the left or right, and stay on the Bright Side of life!
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Từ vựng và ghi chú luyện nói cho bài học này
Bài luyện nói trình độ B1 này dựa trên video “A Journey Inside Your Body”. Video này có 136 câu và 1588 từ để luyện shadowing. Phần lời nói dài 9:06. Người nói nói với tốc độ tự nhiên, khoảng 174 từ mỗi phút, gần với hội thoại hằng ngày. Chỉ 78% số từ nằm trong 3.000 từ tiếng Anh thông dụng nhất, nên từ vựng khá khó.
Từ vựng quan trọng trong video
15 từ khó nhất trong video, kèm phiên âm và nghĩa:
| Từ | Phiên âm | Nghĩa |
|---|---|---|
| intestine danh từ | /ɪnˈtɛs.tɪn/ | ruột |
| stool danh từ | /stuːl/ | ghế đẩu |
| bacterium danh từ | /bækˈtɪəɹ.ɪəm/ | vi khuẩn, vi trùng |
| grape danh từ | /ɡɹeɪp/ | (trái, quả) nho |
| oesophagus danh từ | /ɪˈsɑfəɡəs/ | thực quản |
| colon danh từ | /ˈkoʊ.lən/ | dấu hai chấm |
| coil danh từ | /kɔɪl/ | cuộn cảm |
| boil động từ | /bɔɪ(ə)l/ | đun, đun sôi |
| sensor danh từ | /ˈsɛn.sɚ/ | cảm biến |
| bubble danh từ | /ˈbʌbəl/ | bong bóng |
| saliva danh từ | /səˈlaɪvə/ | nước bọt, nước miếng |
| nutrient danh từ | /ˈnuː.tɹi.ənt/ | chất dinh dưỡng, dưỡng chất |
| appendix danh từ | /əˈpɛn.dɪks/ | phụ lục |
| chew động từ | /tʃuː/ | nhai, nhằn |
| urge động từ | /ɜːd͡ʒ/ | hối, thúc |
Cụm động từ bạn sẽ nghe
| Từ | Nghĩa |
|---|---|
| break down động từ | hỏng, hỏng hóc |
| go back động từ | trở lại |
Những câu đáng luyện lại
Các câu ngắn, trọn ý trong video mà bạn có thể dùng lại khi giao tiếp hằng ngày:
- I see he’s taken a bite of his sandwich.
- He’s popped me into his mouth – it’s go time!
- Which way do I go?
- I’m getting kinda squooshed in here.
- Quite honestly, this doesn’t look too … oh my, what’s that?
Ngữ pháp trong video
Những cấu trúc người nói dùng nhiều nhất, kèm đúng cụm từ trong video:
| Cấu trúc | Trong video |
|---|---|
| Câu điều kiện if + mệnh đề, will/would + động từ — điều kiện và kết quả | if the human is ready, but I'd really |
| Câu bị động be + quá khứ phân từ — nhấn vào việc xảy ra, không phải người làm | is designed · is broken · is made |
| Thì hiện tại hoàn thành have/has + quá khứ phân từ — việc đã xảy ra nhưng còn liên quan đến hiện tại | we've now reached · I've passed · I've come prepared |
| Lời khuyên với “should” should + động từ — nói điều nên làm | should get · should be |
Phát âm cần chú ý
Người nói dùng 63 dạng rút gọn, ví dụ I'm, doesn't, I've. Hãy nói theo dạng ngắn đúng như bạn nghe.
- Âm “th”: bathtub /ˈbæθtʌb/, thankful /ˈθæŋkfəl/, throat /ˈθɹoʊt/
- Âm “sh” và “zh”: chute /ʃut/, mush /mʌʃ/, contraction /kənˈtɹækʃ(ə)n/, squoosh /skwʊʃ/, yellowish /ˈjɛlɔʊɪʃ/
- Từ dài — đặt trọng âm cho đúng: oesophagus /ɪˈsɑfəɡəs/, intestinal /ɪnˈtɛs.tɪ.nəl/, geronimo /d͡ʒəˈɹɑnɪmoʊ/, intolerance /ɪnˈtɑ.lə.ɹəns/, peristalsis /ˌpɛɹɪˈstælsɪs/
Những âm người Việt thường gặp khó:
- Cụm phụ âm cuối — đọc đủ từng âm, đừng nuốt âm cuối: nutrient /ˈnuː.tɹi.ənt/, appendix /əˈpɛn.dɪks/, digest /daɪˈd͡ʒɛst/, relax /ɹɪˈlæks/, intolerance /ɪnˈtɑ.lə.ɹəns/
- Âm /tʃ/, /dʒ/ và /ʒ/ — tiếng Việt không có, đừng đọc thành “ch” hay “gi”: digestive /daɪˈdʒɛstɪv/, sandwich /ˈsæn(d).wɪd͡ʒ/, chew /tʃuː/, digest /daɪˈd͡ʒɛst/, urge /ɜːd͡ʒ/
- Âm /æ/ — mở miệng rộng hơn âm “e”: bacterium /bækˈtɪəɹ.ɪəm/, sandwich /ˈsæn(d).wɪd͡ʒ/, relax /ɹɪˈlæks/, bathtub /ˈbæθtʌb/, classify /ˈklæs.əˌfaɪ/
Cách luyện với video này
- Nghe hết video một lần, chưa cần nói, và ghi lại những từ bạn chưa biết.
- Bắt đầu ở tốc độ 0,75×, nói đuổi từng câu, rồi quay lại tốc độ bình thường khi đã quen.
- Ghi âm giọng mình rồi so với bản gốc, chú ý các từ như intestine, stool, bacterium.
Phương Pháp Shadowing Là Gì?
Shadowing là kỹ thuật học ngôn ngữ có cơ sở khoa học, ban đầu được phát triển cho chương trình đào tạo phiên dịch viên chuyên nghiệp và được phổ biến rộng rãi bởi nhà đa ngôn ngữ học Dr. Alexander Arguelles. Nguyên lý cốt lõi đơn giản nhưng cực kỳ hiệu quả: bạn nghe tiếng Anh của người bản xứ và lặp lại to ngay lập tức — như một "cái bóng" (shadow) đuổi theo người nói với độ trễ chỉ 1–2 giây. Khác với luyện ngữ pháp hay học từ vựng bị động, Shadowing buộc não bộ và cơ miệng phải đồng thời xử lý và tái tạo ngôn ngữ thực tế. Các nghiên cứu khoa học xác nhận phương pháp này cải thiện đáng kể phát âm, ngữ điệu, nhịp điệu, nối âm, kỹ năng nghe và độ lưu loát khi nói — đặc biệt hiệu quả cho người luyện IELTS Speaking và muốn giao tiếp tiếng Anh tự nhiên như người bản ngữ.