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1
Now open your question paper and look at part 1.
2
You'll hear three different extracts.
3
For questions 1 to 6, choose the answer A, B or C, which fits best according to what you hear.
4
There are two questions for each extract.
5
Extract 1.
6
You hear two colleagues, Eva and Colin, talking about a problem at work.
7
Now look at questions 1 and 2.
8
So the thing is, you aren't getting on with her new boss then, Colin.
9
She's just so different from her predecessor.
10
I mean, John used to get us all involved in the decision -making process.
11
No chance of that with Sandra, you think?
12
No way!
13
OK, I grant you, she's got some good ideas.
14
She moved pretty fast to get us all to agree to individual job descriptions and a proper timetable, none of which we've had before and we should have had.
15
And she's done her homework on the staff profile, our qualifications and past experience and so on.
16
As you'd expect.
17
Yes, but she doesn't seem aware of the atmosphere here.
18
It's the way we've always done things.
19
I just don't feel I can work with her.
20
I'd say she's just finding her feet in a new job, and she'll soon get the hang of what we're all about.
21
Let's focus on how much she's already achieved.
22
I wouldn't let anybody tell you it's a trivial issue, though.
23
If she doesn't settle in soon, and you still have issues with her, I think you should approach her direct.
24
Okay.
25
Thanks, Eva.
26
Now you'll hear the recording again.
27
So the thing is, you aren't getting on with her new boss then, Colin.
28
She's just so different from her predecessor.
29
I mean, John used to get us all involved in the decision -making process.
30
No chance of that with Sandra, you think?
31
No way!
32
OK, I grant you, she's got some good ideas.
33
She moved pretty fast to get us all to agree to individual job descriptions and a proper timetable, none of which we've had before and we should have had.
34
And she's done her homework on the staff profile, our qualifications and past experience and so on.
35
As you'd expect.
36
Yes, but she doesn't seem aware of the atmosphere here.
37
It's the way we've always done things.
38
I just don't feel I can work with her.
39
I'd say she's just finding her feet in a new job, and she'll soon get the hang of what we're all about.
40
Let's focus on how much she's already achieved.
41
I wouldn't let anybody tell you it's a trivial issue, though.
42
If she doesn't settle in soon, and you still have issues with her, I think you should approach her direct.
43
Okay.
44
Thanks, Eva.
45
Extract 2 You overhear a woman telling a friend a story about a swan.
46
Now look at questions three and four.
47
So what happened last weekend?
48
Well, we were taking our boat along the river when we passed a pair of swans with a nest nearby.
49
One swan just carried on feeding, but the other one, the male, I think, decided to come and investigate.
50
Oh, fantastic.
51
I've never seen a swan's nest close up.
52
I expect he was hungry.
53
Well, actually, it was immediately obvious from his body language that he had other things on his mind.
54
He was flapping his wings really hard and approaching at incredible speed.
55
I guess we'd gone too close to the nest.
56
I'd never have done that if I'd known what would happen.
57
Gosh, amazing.
58
I've never heard of swans behaving like that before.
59
So what did you do, row like mad?
60
Well, we got out onto the bank, but he followed us up and then stood between us and the boat for about an hour.
61
We just couldn't frighten him away.
62
No, I suppose not.
63
Still, I'm sure he wouldn't have hurt you.
64
Are you kidding?
65
You should have seen the way he moved.
66
Swans can be really aggressive at nesting times.
67
Hmm.
68
Now you'll hear the recording again.
69
So what happened last weekend?
70
Well, we were taking our boat along the river when we passed a pair of swans with a nest nearby.
71
One swan just carried on feeding, but the other one, the male, I think, decided to come and investigate.
72
Oh, fantastic!
73
I've never seen a swan's nest close up.
74
I expect he was hungry.
75
Well, actually, it was immediately obvious from his body language that he had other things on his mind.
76
He was flapping his wings really hard and approaching at incredible speed.
77
I guess we'd gone too close to the nest.
78
I'd never have done that if I'd known what would happen.
79
Gosh, amazing.
80
I've never heard of swans behaving like that before.
81
So what did you do, row like mad?
82
Well, we got out onto the bank, but he followed us up and then stood between us and the boat for about an hour.
83
We just couldn't frighten him away.
84
No, I suppose not.
85
Still, I'm sure he wouldn't have hurt you.
86
Are you kidding?
87
You should have seen the way he moved.
88
Swans can be really aggressive at nesting times.
89
Hmm...
90
Extract 3 You hear part of an interview with Bruce Loder, a successful businessman who's talking about his early life.
91
Now look at questions 5 and 6.
92
Bruce, at school you discovered you had a natural talent for art.
93
Yes, I inherited my dad's gift for drawing.
94
I wanted to do representational art, paint portraits.
95
But every college I went to, and there were three who accepted me, All the college tutors said, forget representational art, get a single lens reflex 33mm camera,
96
hit the shutter, crash, there's your picture.
97
Not even Rembrandt could get that accuracy, so it's not worth it.
98
And you believed them?
99
I did.
100
That was my biggest mistake.
101
I haven't picked up a paintbrush since.
102
How did your father react when you told him you weren't going to art college?
103
His face was white with rage.
104
He said, right, that's it.
105
You could have made something of going to college you won't get another chance.
106
Now I've got a perfectly good job for you on the factory floor.
107
You start this week, take it or leave it.
108
I said, no, I'm going to start a business next.
109
He said, well, at your own expense then.
110
He refused to support you anymore?
111
That's it, and so...
112
Now you'll hear the recording again.
113
Bruce, at school you discovered you had a natural talent for art.
114
Yes, I inherited my dad's gift for drawing.
115
I wanted to do representational art, paint portraits.
116
But every college I went to, and there were three who accepted me, all the college tutors said, forget representational art, get a single lens reflex 33mm camera,
117
hit the shutter, crash, there's your picture.
118
Not even Rembrandt could get that accuracy, so it's not worth it.
119
And you believed them?
120
I did.
121
That was my biggest mistake.
122
I haven't picked up a paintbrush since.
123
How did your father react when you told him you weren't going to art college?
124
His face was white with rage.
125
He said, right, that's it.
126
You could have made something of going to college.
127
You won't get another chance.
128
Now I've got a perfectly good job for you on the factory floor.
129
You start this week, take it or leave it.
130
I said, no, I'm going to start a business next.
131
He said, well, at your own expense then.
132
He refused to support you anymore?
133
That's it, and so...
134
you Thank you.
135
I'd set off with my friend Matthew Price to sail down a little -known river in the rainforest in a homemade boat.
136
Our original idea was to go all the way by boat, carrying it past any rough bits, but the river was much rockier and faster -flowing than we'd thought,
137
which meant we were only covering a few kilometres each day.
138
Then suddenly we realised that as As the river was about to go over a waterfall, we could go no further by boat.
139
As it was only a homemade thing, we decided to abandon it and walk to the nearest road.
140
As far as we knew, there were no villages or trading posts along the way, and on our map it looked like a hundred -kilometre walk.
141
And that walk, through thick rainforest with twenty -five kilos on our backs, was difficult.
142
We walked for six days.
143
It was hot and we were permanently wet through before we came to any sign of civilization.
144
There were times when we really wondered if we'd ever get out of that jungle alive.
145
Then, on the seventh day, we suddenly came across a path.
146
Not an animal trail, but a man -made one, so we knew there must be people living there.
147
It was going roughly in the right direction, so we followed it, and at dusk, we came to a deserted camp in a hollow.
148
Deserted, but not uninhabited.
149
There was digging equipment wrapped in plastic, alongside two water -filled holes.
150
Obviously someone had been digging in search of gold at some time or another.
151
Nearby, on a rough wooden table, were some cooking utensils and a few other supplies, and whoever was camping there must have been intending to return soon,
152
because there was a large pot full of thick soup.
153
We couldn't identify either the strange -looking pieces of meat or the unfamiliar vegetables it seemed to be made from, but we were in a desperate state.
154
Over the previous seven days, we'd only had flour and rice to eat, and although we had plenty left, we were low on energy.
155
This was our greatest problem.
156
So we cooked up some of our rice and decided to have two spoonfuls from the pot with it.
157
It was good, so we had another spoonful.
158
And then another.
159
Soon nothing was left of our host's meal.
160
Afterwards we began to get worried.
161
People living this sort of life could be very tough, and this one could return any minute.
162
We decided to make an early start.
163
To show we were grateful, we placed thirty dollars in the cleaned out cooking pot.
164
It was quite a lot for the quantity of food.
165
It was probably only worth ten dollars or so.
166
But that wasn't the point.
167
This man wouldn't be able to pop to the supermarket to replace the food we'd eaten.
168
But I have no regrets because
169
that dinner gave us the strength to make it the rest of the way through the jungle safely.
170
Now you'll hear the recording again.
171
I'd set off with my friend Matthew Price to sail down a little -known river in the rainforest in a homemade boat boat.
172
Our original idea was to go all the way by boat, carrying it past any rough bits, but the river was much rockier and faster flowing than we'd thought,
173
which meant we were only covering a few kilometres each day.
174
Then suddenly we realised that as the river was about to go over a waterfall, we could go no further by boat.
175
As it was only a homemade thing, we decided to abandon it and walk to the nearest road.
176
As far as we knew, there were no villages or trading posts along the way, and on our map it looked like a hundred kilometre walk.
177
And that walk, through thick rainforest with twenty -five kilos on our backs, was difficult.
178
We walked for six days.
179
It was hot, and we were permanently wet through, before we came to any sign of civilisation.
180
There were times when we really wondered if we'd ever get out of that jungle alive.
181
Then, on the seventh day, we suddenly came across a path.
182
Not an animal trail, but a man -made one, so we knew there must be people living there.
183
It was going roughly in the right direction, so we followed it, and at dusk, we came to a deserted camp in a hollow.
184
Deserted, but not uninhabited.
185
There was digging equipment wrapped in plastic, alongside two water -filled holes.
186
Obviously someone had been digging in search of gold at some time or another.
187
Nearby, on a rough wooden table, were some cooking utensils and a few other supplies, and whoever was camping there must have been intending to return soon,
188
because there was a large pot full of thick soup.
189
We couldn't identify either the strange -looking pieces of meat or the unfamiliar vegetables it seemed to be made from, but we were in a desperate state.
190
Over the previous seven days, we'd only had flour and rice to eat, and though we had plenty left, we were low on energy.
191
This was our greatest problem.
192
So, we cooked up some of our rice and decided to have two spoonfuls from the pot with it.
193
It was good, so we had another spoonful.
194
And then another.
195
Soon, nothing was left of our host's meal.
196
Afterwards, we began to get worried.
197
People living this sort of life could be very tough, and this one could return any minute.
198
We decided to make an early start.
199
To show we were grateful, we placed $30 in the cleaned -out cooking pot.
200
It was quite a lot for the quantity of food.
201
It was probably only worth $10 or so.
202
But that wasn't the point.
203
This man wouldn't be able to pop to the supermarket to replace the food we'd eaten.
204
But I have no regrets, because that dinner gave us the strength to make it the rest of the way through the jungle safely.
205
That's the end of Part 2.
206
Now turn to Part 3.
207
Part 3.
208
You'll hear part of an interview with the astronaut Charles Duke, who is talking about his trip to the moon.
209
For questions 15 to 20, choose the answer A, B, C or D, which fits best according to what you hear.
210
You now have one minute to look at part three.
211
Thank you.
212
Charles Duke My guest today is Charles Duke, one of the few people to have walked on the moon as part of an Apollo mission.
213
Charles, welcome to the studio.
214
Have you always been hooked on space travel?
215
Quite frankly, as a kid, it had never entered my head.
216
There wasn't even a space program when I was young, so there weren't any astronauts.
217
What about science fiction films at the cinema?
218
I'd seen them.
219
Of course, I used to wonder what space travel might be like, but it was never what you might describe as a fascination, if you follow me.
220
So how did it all come about?
221
It was at the Naval Academy.
222
Oh, not in the Air Force?
223
No, but I was a Navy pilot.
224
I had fallen in love with planes and nothing else would do and that gave me the opportunity to start, to get selected for the astronaut program.
225
Presumably by then they were talking about putting rockets into space.
226
Absolutely, yeah.
227
And how did you find the training?
228
I suppose the lunar surface training in the spacesuit was physically demanding in a way.
229
Quite uncomfortable, I imagine.
230
It's not what you might expect.
231
Once the spacesuits get inflated, it gets very rigid.
232
You had to fight to bend your arms and move your fingers inside the gloves.
233
And how long did you spend inside it?
234
Around four to five hours, but actually the most challenging part was worrying about how to handle the simulator, because we needed to know how to land and then take off on the moon.
235
I don't think I could have coped with that.
236
I'm not sure I did, but if you did something wrong, you were in trouble, and we often spent eight hours a day trying to learn what to do.
237
So, how did you feel when you first heard that you were actually going to the moon?
238
I suppose you're expecting me to say exhilarated, but I knew there were lots of ifs.
239
It would happen if they didn't cancel the program, if I didn't get sick and so on.
240
So I stopped doing all the dangerous sports I was involved in.
241
So you knew you had one chance and if you blew it, you wouldn't get another.
242
That just about sums it up.
243
And when you eventually got there, what impact did it have on you?
244
Landing on the moon, I mean.
245
When we saw the moon for the first time from about 1500 metres, we recognised the landmarks.
246
But as we got closer, we saw that the spot we were going to land on was very rough big rocks and craters, so we panicked a bit.
247
And the more we tried to maneuver and the closer we got, the more moon dust we blew out.
248
But you landed safely?
249
Eventually, yeah.
250
We were six hours late.
251
So when we touched down, we erupted in enthusiasm.
252
We shook hands and hugged each other.
253
Not an easy feat in spacesuits.
254
No, indeed.
255
But after that, we had to rest for a certain period.
256
We got outside for the very first time.
257
You must have been terrified.
258
We had no sense of fear about stepping off the ladder onto the moon.
259
We just jumped off and started bouncing around like lambs in a field in springtime.
260
And when you saw the lunar landscape, did it live up to expectations?
261
What struck me most, apart from its awesome attraction, was its desolation.
262
The sky was jet black.
263
You felt as if you could reach out and touch it.
264
There were no stars, and the sun was shining all the time.
265
And what went through your mind at that moment?
266
The fact that it was so untouched.
267
The fact that nobody had ever been to that particular spot before kept returning.
268
It was simply breathtaking.
269
And do you have a favorite memory of the mission?
270
Definitely.
271
It was the thing that we did during the last moonwalk.
272
We were about six kilometers or so from the base and on the edge of a big crater a hundred meters deep.
273
We had to be careful as we walked along the ridge because one slip would have been dangerous.
274
Suddenly we saw this huge rock.
275
It was a long way off and there are no people
276
or cars to judge distances or give you any sense of scale.
277
But you managed to get down to it?
278
Eventually.
279
It was enormous.
280
The biggest rock anybody had ever touched on the moon.
281
I had a hammer and I hit a chunk of it and it came off in my hand, a piece the size of a small melon.
282
A different kind of souvenir.
283
So, do you think we should go back?
284
What's the reason for investing all this time and money in the space race anyway?
285
Oh, it's the prime place for a scientific base.
286
Now you'll hear the recording again.
287
My guest today is Charles Duke, one of the few people to have walked on the moon as part of an Apollo mission.
288
Charles, welcome to the studio.
289
Have you always been hooked on space travel?
290
Quite frankly, as a kid, it had never entered my head.
291
There wasn't even a space program when I was young, so there weren't any astronauts.
292
What about science fiction films at the cinema?
293
I'd seen them.
294
Of course, I used to wonder what space travel might be like, but it was never what you might describe as a fascination, if you follow me.
295
So, how did it all come about?
296
It was at the Naval Academy.
297
Oh, not in the Air Force?
298
No, but I was a Navy pilot.
299
I had fallen in love with planes and nothing else would do.
300
And that gave me the opportunity to start, to get selected for the astronaut program.
301
Presumably by then they were talking about putting rockets into space.
302
Absolutely, yeah.
303
And how did you find the training?
304
I suppose the lunar surface training in the spacesuit was physically demanding in a way.
305
Quite uncomfortable, I imagine.
306
It's not what you might expect.
307
Once the spacesuits get inflated, it gets very rigid.
308
You had to fight to bend your arms and move your fingers inside the gloves.
309
And how long did you spend inside it?
310
Around four to five hours.
311
But actually the most challenging part was worrying about how to handle the simulator
312
because we needed to know how to land and then take off on the moon.
313
I don't think I could have coped with that.
314
I'm not sure I did.
315
But if you did something wrong, you were in trouble, and we often spent eight hours a day trying to learn what to do.
316
So, how did you feel when you first heard that you were actually going to the moon?
317
I suppose you're expecting me to say exhilarated, but I knew there were lots of ifs.
318
It would happen if they didn't cancel the program, if I didn't get sick, and so on.
319
So I stopped doing all the dangerous sports I was involved in.
320
So you knew you had one chance and if you blew it, you wouldn't get another.
321
That just about sums it up.
322
And when you eventually got there, what impact did it have on you?
323
Landing on the moon, I mean.
324
When we saw the moon for the first time from about 1500 metres, we recognised the landmarks.
325
But as we got closer, we saw that the spot we were going to land on was very rough.
326
Big rocks and craters.
327
So we panicked a bit.
328
And the more we tried to manoeuvre and the closer we got, the more moon dust we blew out.
329
But you landed safely?
330
Eventually, yeah.
331
We were six hours late, so when we touched down we erupted in enthusiasm.
332
We shook hands and hugged each other.
333
Not an easy feat in space suits.
334
No, indeed.
335
But after that we had to rest for a certain period.
336
We got outside for the very first time.
337
You must have been terrified.
338
We had no sense of fear about stepping off the ladder onto the moon we just jumped off
339
and started bouncing around like lambs in a field in springtime.
340
And when you saw the lunar landscape, did it live up to expectations?
341
What struck me most, apart from its awesome attraction, was its desolation.
342
The sky was jet black.
343
You felt as if you could reach out and touch it.
344
There were no stars, and the sun was shining all the time.
345
And what went through your mind at that moment?
346
The fact that it was so untouched, the fact that nobody had ever been to that particular spot before, kept returning.
347
It was simply breathtaking.
348
And do you have a favorite memory of the mission?
349
Definitely.
350
It was the thing that we did during the last moonwalk.
351
We were about six kilometers or so from the base and on the edge of a big crater a hundred meters deep.
352
We had to be careful as we walked along the ridge because one slip would have been dangerous.
353
Suddenly we saw this huge rock.
354
It was a long way off and there are no people
355
or cars to judge distances or give you any sense of scale.
356
But you managed to get down to it?
357
Eventually.
358
It was enormous.
359
The biggest rock anybody had ever touched on the moon.
360
I had a hammer and I hit a chunk of it and it came off in my hand, a piece the size of a small melon.
361
A different kind of souvenir.
362
So, do you think we should go back?
363
What's the reason for investing all this time and money in the space race anyway?
364
Oh, it's the prime place for a scientific base.
365
Look at Task 1.
366
For questions 21 to 25, choose from the list A to H what each speaker says about coming into contact with a celebrity.
367
Now look at Task 2.
368
For questions 26 to 30, choose from the list A to H the opinion each speaker gives about the celebrity.
369
While you listen, you must complete both tasks.
370
You now have 45 seconds to look at part four.
371
Speaker 1 I was a hotel receptionist, and Lenny Grade, the film producer,
372
came rushing him one night to say he had a very important meeting in the morning.
373
He was quite worked up about it, and kept stressing how vital it was that he had an eight o 'clock alarm call.
374
At the time, I remember finding him quite patronising, because he felt he must keep repeating his request as if I was an idiot.
375
I was doing an overnight shift, and to cut a long story short,
376
I was having coffee before heading home when there was a commotion by the lift and he came sprinting past swearing.
377
I looked at my watch and it was 9 .15.
378
It had totally slipped my mind to wake him up.
379
Speaker 2 I used to be a chauffeur, ferrying around various stars to events.
380
My most tense experience was the time I took Stan Lane to the premiere of his film.
381
The tension began when the company gave me an address, but I ended up on the other side of London, fifteen minutes before I was due to pick him up.
382
It was a complete catastrophe.
383
I finally fetched him, then I ended up going through red lights and speeding, while he was panicking about being late,
384
and asking to be let out so he could get the tube.
385
He went right over the top, actually, as if it was the end of the world, even though I kept telling him we'd make it on time.
386
Speaker 3
387
I served the tennis player Tina Sherwood with lots of fruit
388
and vegetables in a shop in Wimbledon during the tennis tournament one year.
389
The players used to come in and buy huge amounts of stuff to keep them going.
390
She bought so much she was paying by credit card.
391
I suppose she thought she didn't have to sign the slip because she was so famous, but I made her do it.
392
She looked quite taken aback at the time, but after that, whenever I saw her in the street, she'd stop me to ask how I was.
393
I could be wrong but I reckon she realised
394
that no matter how famous you are there are still rules that apply to everyone
395
Speaker 4 I was the manager of a nightclub,
396
and one night this enormous car drew up outside the club with an extremely famous rock star in the back.
397
His two bodyguards came up to the door and asked if they could come in and look around.
398
I let them in.
399
They checked out the club and reported back to him in the car.
400
Then he came over and said that he would like to come in, and could I arrange to have a special area cleared for him?
401
As if, I mean, what made him think he could go to a crowded place like
402
that and be kept apart from everyone else?
403
Speaker 5 I served champagne and dinner at the film star Lena Leonard's flat once.
404
It was a party for close family and friends, and she came to the door wearing no make -up, then disappeared for two hours while we got things ready,
405
and came back into the kitchen looking a million dollars.
406
I wandered around her flat pouring champagne for her and her guests.
407
She gave me a very generous tip afterwards, which came as a bit of a shock, because every other time I'd waited on stars, they turned out to be rather mean.
408
She was quite ordinary for such a mega star, and she didn't seem to feel she had to put on an act or anything.
409
She was just being herself, I guess.
410
Now you'll hear the recording again.
411
Speaker 1 I was a hotel receptionist, and Lenny Grade, the film producer,
412
came rushing in one night to say he had a very important meeting in the morning.
413
He was quite worked up about it and kept stressing how vital it was
414
that he had an eight o 'clock alarm call.
415
At the time, I remember finding him quite patronising
416
because he felt he must keep repeating his request as if I was an idiot.
417
I was doing an overnight shift and, to cut a long story short,
418
I was having coffee before heading home when there was a commotion by the lift and he came sprinting past swearing.
419
I looked at my watch and it was 9 .15.
420
It had totally slipped my mind to wake him up.
421
Speaker 2 I used to be a chauffeur ferrying around various stars to events.
422
My most tense experience was the time I took Stan Lane to the premiere of his film.
423
The tension began when the company gave me an address, but I ended up on the other side of London, fifteen minutes before I was due to pick him up.
424
It was a complete catastrophe.
425
I finally fetched him, then I ended up going through red lights and speeding, while he was panicking about being late,
426
and asking to be let out so he could get the tube.
427
He went right over the top, actually, as if it was the end of the world, even though I kept telling him we'd make it on time.
428
Speaker 3
429
I served the tennis player Tina Sherwood with lots of fruit
430
and vegetables in a shop in Wimbledon during the tennis tournament one year.
431
The players used to come in and buy huge amounts of stuff to keep them going.
432
She bought so much she was paying by credit card.
433
I suppose she thought she didn't have to sign the slip because she was so famous, but I made her do it.
434
She looked quite taken aback at the time, but after that, whenever I saw her in the street, she'd stop me to ask how I was.
435
I could be wrong, but I reckon she realised that no matter how famous you are, there are still rules that apply to everyone.
436
Speaker 4 I was the manager of a nightclub, and one night this enormous car drew up outside the club,
437
with an extremely famous rock star in the back.
438
His two bodyguards came up to the door and asked if they could come in and look around.
439
I let them in.
440
They checked out the club and reported back to him in the car.
441
Then he came over and said that he would like to come in, and could I arrange to have a special area cleared for him?
442
As if, I mean, what made him think he could go to a crowded place like
443
that and be kept apart from everyone else.
444
Speaker 5 I served champagne and dinner at the film star Lena Lennard's flat once.
445
It was a party for close family and friends, and she came to the door wearing no makeup, then disappeared for two hours while we got things ready,
446
and came back into the kitchen looking a million dollars.
447
I wandered around her flat pouring champagne for her and her guests.
448
She gave me a very generous tip afterwards, which came as a bit of a shock, because every other time I'd waited on stars, they turned out to be rather mean.
449
She was quite ordinary for such a megastar, and she didn't seem to feel she had to put on an act or anything.
450
She was just being herself, I guess.
451
That's the end of Part Four.
452
There'll now be a pause of five minutes for you to copy your answers onto the separate answer sheet.
453
Be sure to follow the numbering of all the questions.
454
I'll remind you when there is one minute left so that you're sure to finish in time.
Tải Ứng Dụng
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Bối Cảnh & Nền Tảng
Trong video này, chúng ta sẽ nghe một cuộc trò chuyện giữa hai đồng nghiệp, Eva và Colin, đang thảo luận về một vấn đề ở nơi làm việc. Những cuộc hội thoại như thế này rất phổ biến trong môi trường công sở, nơi mà sự giao tiếp hiệu quả là điều cần thiết. Khi bạn nghe những mẫu đối thoại kiểu này, bạn không chỉ cải thiện khả năng nghe mà còn học được cách diễn đạt và tương tác trong môi trường làm việc. Sự khác biệt giữa những người lãnh đạo có thể ảnh hưởng đến bầu không khí làm việc, và cách mà nhân viên phản ứng cũng rất quan trọng.
5 Câu Nói Hữu Ích Cho Giao Tiếp Hằng Ngày
- "I mean, John used to get us all involved in the decision-making process." - Ý tôi là, John thường tham gia chúng tôi vào quá trình ra quyết định.
- "She moved pretty fast to get us all to agree to individual job descriptions." - Cô ấy đã hành động rất nhanh để chúng tôi đồng ý về mô tả công việc cá nhân.
- "I just don't feel I can work with her." - Tôi chỉ không cảm thấy mình có thể làm việc cùng cô ấy.
- "Let's focus on how much she's already achieved." - Hãy tập trung vào những gì cô ấy đã đạt được.
- "If she doesn't settle in soon, I think you should approach her direct." - Nếu cô ấy không sớm thích nghi, tôi nghĩ bạn nên tiếp cận cô ấy trực tiếp.
Hướng Dẫn Shadowing Từng Bước
Để cải thiện kỹ năng nói tiếng Anh của bạn qua video này, hãy làm theo các bước sau:
- Nghe lần đầu: Chỉ cần nghe để hiểu nội dung chính và cảm nhận bầu không khí cuộc trò chuyện.
- Nghe lần hai: Lần này, hãy chú ý đến cách phát âm và ngữ điệu của các nhân vật. Dùng phần mềm shadowing để giúp bạn ghi âm và so sánh giọng nói của mình với bản gốc.
- Shadowing: Lặp lại từng câu thoại ngay sau khi nghe. Hãy chú ý đến cách nhấn âm và ngữ điệu. Đây là cách tuyệt vời để đạt được phát âm tiếng Anh chuẩn.
- Ghi âm lại: Ghi âm phần shadow của bạn và nghe lại để nhận biết những điểm cần cải thiện.
- Thực hành thường xuyên: Tạo thói quen thực hành hàng ngày với các đoạn hội thoại khác nhau. Sử dụng nền tảng shadowspeak để tìm thêm tài liệu và bài học.
Bằng cách tập trung vào các bước này, bạn có thể nâng cao khả năng giao tiếp và phát âm của mình một cách hiệu quả. Hãy nhớ rằng việc luyện tập thường xuyên là chìa khóa để thành công trong việc học tiếng Anh!
Ngữ pháp trong video
Những cấu trúc người nói dùng nhiều nhất, kèm đúng cụm từ trong video:
| Cấu trúc | Trong video |
|---|---|
| “Used to” used to + động từ — thói quen hoặc tình trạng trong quá khứ nay không còn | used to get · used to wonder · used to be |
| Câu điều kiện if + mệnh đề, will/would + động từ — điều kiện và kết quả | if I'd known what would happen · if you blew it, you wouldn't get |
| Thì hiện tại hoàn thành have/has + quá khứ phân từ — việc đã xảy ra nhưng còn liên quan đến hiện tại | we've had · we've always done · I've never seen |
| Câu bị động be + quá khứ phân từ — nhấn vào việc xảy ra, không phải người làm | be made · was left · been hooked |
Phương Pháp Shadowing Là Gì?
Shadowing là kỹ thuật học ngôn ngữ có cơ sở khoa học, ban đầu được phát triển cho chương trình đào tạo phiên dịch viên chuyên nghiệp và được phổ biến rộng rãi bởi nhà đa ngôn ngữ học Dr. Alexander Arguelles. Nguyên lý cốt lõi đơn giản nhưng cực kỳ hiệu quả: bạn nghe tiếng Anh của người bản xứ và lặp lại to ngay lập tức — như một "cái bóng" (shadow) đuổi theo người nói với độ trễ chỉ 1–2 giây. Khác với luyện ngữ pháp hay học từ vựng bị động, Shadowing buộc não bộ và cơ miệng phải đồng thời xử lý và tái tạo ngôn ngữ thực tế. Các nghiên cứu khoa học xác nhận phương pháp này cải thiện đáng kể phát âm, ngữ điệu, nhịp điệu, nối âm, kỹ năng nghe và độ lưu loát khi nói — đặc biệt hiệu quả cho người luyện IELTS Speaking và muốn giao tiếp tiếng Anh tự nhiên như người bản ngữ.