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1
Now open your question paper and look at part 1.
Bây giờ hãy mở đề thi của bạn và nhìn vào phần 1.
2
You'll hear people talking in 8 different situations.
3
For questions 1 to 8, choose the best answer.
Đối với các câu từ 1 đến 8, hãy chọn đáp án đúng nhất.
4
A, B or C.
5
Question 1.
6
You hear a teacher talking to her class.
7
I've been talking about the Walk 10,000 Steps a Day programme for a while
8
and I know some of you have already been trying it out counting your steps with the monitors you've been given
9
well done if you've been achieving your daily goal you can compare how you've been doing with one another
10
but remember there's no winner.
11
You may think, what's the point then?
12
Well, it's about keeping in shape.
13
To persuade the rest of you to get going, remember you don't have to go to the sports centre or anything, just keep moving.
14
Take the stairs instead of the lift or walk home rather than taking the bus.
15
Now listen again.
16
I've been talking about the Walk 10,000 Steps a Day programme for a
17
while and I know some of you have already been trying it out, counting your steps with the monitors you've been given.
18
Well done if you've been achieving your daily goal.
19
You can compare how you've been doing with one another but remember there's no winner.
20
You may think, what's the point then?
21
Well, it's about keeping in shape.
22
To persuade the rest of you to get going, remember you don't have to go to the sports centre or anything, just keep moving.
23
Take the stairs instead of the lift or walk home rather than taking the bus.
24
Question two.
25
You hear two friends talking about learning to ski.
26
What do you think of our ski classes?
27
They're great.
28
I've wanted to learn for ages, so I'm keen to push myself as far as I can.
29
Don't you find it exhausting?
30
You need loads of strength to pick yourself up when you fall over, which I don't seem to have Yes,
31
I suppose you do, but that's not an issue for me I just can't seem to get the turns right, no matter how hard I try Nor can I,
32
but I'm sure we'll get it one day, then we'll have more of a laugh in the class Yes,
33
I'm looking forward to it Now listen again What do you think of our ski classes?
34
They're great.
35
I've wanted to learn for ages, so I'm keen to push myself as far as I can.
36
Don't you find it exhausting?
37
You need loads of strength to pick yourself up when you fall over, which I don't seem to have.
38
Yes, I suppose you do, but that's not an issue for me.
39
I just can't seem to get the turns right, no matter how hard I try.
40
Nor can I, but I'm sure we'll get it one day.
41
Then we'll have more of a laugh in the class.
42
Yes, I'm looking forward to it.
43
Question 3.
44
You hear a sports instructor talking to an athletics class.
45
Right, who's up for trying to beat the centre's long jump record?
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For those of you who are interested, we'll be doing additional practice every Saturday afternoon from 1 till 3.
47
Now, contrary to what some of you might think, it's not a record I set myself, nor have I ever attempted any long jump record.
48
I'm much better suited to high jump, as you know.
49
Anyway, it's quite a while since the current record was set, and though I know you probably think it'll be tricky to beat, with our training facilities and your fitness levels,
50
I see no reason why someone in this group shouldn't be able to do it.
51
Now listen again.
52
Right, who's up for trying to beat the centre's long jump record?
53
For those of you who are interested, we'll be doing additional practice every Saturday afternoon from 1 till 3.
54
Now, contrary to what some of you might think, it's not a record I set myself, nor have I ever attempted any long jump record.
55
I'm much better suited to high jump, as you know.
56
Anyway, it's quite a while since the current record was set, and though I know you probably think it'll be tricky to beat, with our training facilities and your fitness levels,
57
I see no reason why someone in this group shouldn't be able to do it.
58
Question 4.
59
You hear a girl telling a friend about lessons on eating and exercising that she has done at school.
60
What have you been doing in school recently?
61
We've been doing loads on health and fitness, about eating and exercising.
62
I was already aware of some of the stuff we talked about, like the importance of a balanced diet.
63
I've always made the effort to eat carbohydrates like pasta
64
and potatoes when I'm going to gymnastics classes later because I know they give you energy.
65
But apparently you can actually have more than I do because you burn it off.
66
That was news to me.
67
I'm sure what they said was right, but I feel OK with what I've been doing.
68
So I'll just carry on as usual.
69
Now listen again.
70
We've been doing loads on health and fitness, about eating and exercising.
71
I was already aware of some of the stuff we talked about, like the importance of a balanced diet.
72
I've always made the effort to eat carbohydrates like pasta and potatoes when I'm going to gymnastics classes later, because I know they give you energy.
73
But apparently you can actually have more than I do because you burn it off.
74
That was news to me.
75
I'm sure what they said was right, but I feel OK with what I've been doing, so I'll just carry on as usual.
76
Question five.
77
You hear a student talking to his sports teacher about getting fit.
78
How can I help you, Alex?
79
I wondered if you could give me some advice.
80
I'm really into sports.
81
I love our classes at school, but I'd like to push myself further.
82
What did you have in mind?
83
Well, I'm into running, as you know, and I wouldn't mind entering some events outside school to see if I can beat other people my age.
84
I've been trying to build up my strength and stamina on the machines at the gym.
85
I asked a friend of mine to train with me, and now I want to take things to the next level.
86
Let me see what I can find out for you.
87
Now listen again.
88
and now I want to take things to the next level.
89
Let me see what I can find out for you.
90
Question six.
91
You hear two friends talking about a TV programme they have watched.
92
I watched this programme about sleep the other night.
93
Oh yeah, so did I.
94
About the health benefits of getting enough.
95
Yeah, that's it.
96
They've done a ton of research into sleep.
97
Did you know that your brain's actually working harder when you're asleep than when you're awake?
98
That was unexpected.
99
Really?
100
I'd heard that previously.
101
If I'm honest, there wasn't an awful lot that was new to me, but I ought to be following the recommendations on how to sleep better.
102
The problem is, I forget.
103
Stuff like ensuring your bedroom's dark enough, not thinking about the next day's challenges?
104
Exactly.
105
It was good to be reminded about all that.
106
Now listen again.
107
I watched this programme about sleep the other night.
108
Oh yeah, so did I.
109
About the health benefits of getting enough.
110
Yeah, that's it.
111
They've done a ton of research into sleep.
112
Did you know that your brain's actually working harder when you're asleep than when you're awake?
113
That was unexpected.
114
Really?
115
I'd heard that previously.
116
If I'm honest, there wasn't an awful lot that was new to me, but I ought to be following the recommendations on how to sleep better.
117
The problem is I forget.
118
Stuff like ensuring your bedroom's dark enough, not thinking about the next day's challenges.
119
Exactly.
120
It was good to be reminded about all that.
121
Question seven.
122
You hear an expert talking about what being healthy really means.
123
Being healthy isn't just about physical fitness, but psychological well-being too.
124
No matter how well you eat or how much you exercise, if you're burned out from working or studying all the time and don't build in a life beyond this,
125
it won't do you any good.
126
Most of us have listened to the warnings and make time to spend with loved ones and get to the gym.
127
What's failing to get through is what good nutrition means.
128
We know we need certain vitamins, for example, but still too many of us take them in tablet form instead of the food which contains them.
129
Better education is the key.
130
Now listen again.
131
Being healthy isn't just about physical fitness, but psychological well-being too no matter how well you eat
132
or how much you exercise if you're burned out from working
133
or studying all the time
134
and don't build in a life beyond this it won't do
135
you any good most of us have listened to the warnings
136
and make time to spend with loved ones and get to the gym
137
What's failing to get through is what good nutrition means.
138
We know we need certain vitamins, for example, but still too many of us take them in tablet form instead of the food which contains them.
139
Better education is the key.
140
Question 8.
141
You hear a fitness expert talking about warming up before exercise.
142
Part of exercising safely is warming up properly, especially if you're going to do something high energy, like working out in the gym.
143
Yet too many people go straight out there without making sure their muscles are ready for exercise, which results in unnecessary injury,
144
even while knowing this is the incorrect thing to do.
145
I understand people may have little time to exercise and try to fit it in between work or study and dinner time, but you need to build up to being slightly out of
146
breath with an increased heart rate before you begin your main exercise session.
147
Finding warm-up activities you like doing will keep you motivated.
148
Now listen again.
149
Part of exercising safely is warming up properly, especially if you're going to do something high energy, like working out in the gym.
150
Yet too many people go straight out there without making sure their muscles are ready for exercise, which results in unnecessary injury,
151
even while knowing this is the incorrect thing to do.
152
I understand people may have little time to exercise and try to fit it in between work or study and dinner time,
153
but you need to build up to being slightly out of breath with an increased heart rate
154
before you begin your main exercise session.
155
Finding warm-up activities you like doing will keep you motivated.
156
That's the end of part one.
157
Now turn to part two.
158
You will hear a radio news item about a hot air balloon manufacturer.
159
For questions nine to eighteen, complete the sentences with a word or short phrase.
160
You now have forty-five seconds to look at part two.
161
Thank you.
162
Thank you.
163
Bristol.
164
Douglas Finch was born near Glasgow and attended Alan Glenn's school before reading aeronautical engineering at Glasgow University,
165
from which he graduated in 1961.
166
He gained a master's degree in industrial engineering at Cornell University,
167
USA in 1963, before returning to the United Kingdom and joining the Bristol Aeroplane Company.
168
He joined the Bristol Gliding Club and in 1965 received the Silver Sea Gliding Badge.
169
In 1967 he helped build the Bristol Bell,
170
a red and white striped balloon which made its first flights at Western on the Green near Oxford.
171
It was the first modern hot air balloon in Western Europe.
172
In 1968, Doug Finch was issued with the first ever private pilot's licence for hot air balloons.
173
The success of Doug Finch in translating his ballooning expertise into a commercial concern is reflected in the birth
174
and success of his company, Finch Balloons of Bristol, which was formed by Finch in 1971,
175
five years after he constructed his first balloon.
176
The new company was based in Dutton, Bristol, where a total of 29 balloons were made in the basement of the property.
177
1971 also saw Finch build Golden Falcon, a balloon designed specifically to fly across the Sahara.
178
In 1972, Doug Finch received the Royal Aeronautical Club Bronze Medal,
179
the first awarded for hot air airships.
180
A year later, he was awarded the Royal Aeronautical Club Silver Medal for the first balloon flight over the Alps.
181
In the same year, he received the Lighter Than Air Society, USA, Achievement Award for the development of the first hot airship.
182
Five years later, he attempted the first Atlantic crossing by balloon, for which he received the Royal Aeronautical Club gold medal.
183
In 1978, his attempt to make the premier Atlantic crossing by balloon ended
184
when bad weather forced his heated helium balloon Zanussi down after a 2,000-mile flight from Canada.
185
The Finch Company moved to its present site in Gellingborough in 1983, and in the following years,
186
all of the records for distance and duration were taken by pilots flying Finch balloons.
187
In 1989, Finch Balloons Limited received the Queen's Award for Export,
188
confirmation that Doug Finch had made Bristol the undisputed balloon manufacturing capital of the world.
189
During the 1990s, interest in becoming the first to fly around the world by balloon became intense,
190
and almost all the contenders have used Finch helium hot air balloons.
191
Doug Finch has advanced the science, technology and art of balloon flight to the highest level.
192
His factory in Bristol is the world's largest and last year he was awarded the Prince Philip Design Award.
193
Doug Finch will receive his honorary degree of Doctor of Business Administration at the awards ceremony at Bristol Business School.
194
Douglas Finch is to be awarded the honorary degree of Doctor of Business Administration in recognition of his outstanding scientific,
195
design and entrepreneurial achievements and their important contribution to the history and reputation of Bristol.
196
Douglas Finch was born near Glasgow and attended Alan Glenn School before reading aeronautical engineering at Glasgow University,
197
from which he graduated in 1961.
198
He gained a master's degree in industrial engineering at Cornell University USA in 1963,
199
before returning to the United Kingdom and joining the Bristol Aeroplane Company.
200
He joined the Bristol Gliding Club and in 1965 received the Silver Sea Gliding Badge.
201
In 1967, he helped build the Bristol Bell,
202
a red and white striped balloon which made its first flights at Western on the Green near Oxford.
203
It was the first modern hot air balloon in Western Europe.
204
In 1968, Doug Finch was issued with the first ever private pilot's licence for hot air balloons.
205
The success of Doug Finch in translating his ballooning expertise into a commercial concern is reflected in the birth
206
and success of his company, Finch Balloons of Bristol, which was formed by Finch in 1971,
207
five years after he constructed his first balloon.
208
The new company was based in Dutton, Bristol, where a total of 29 balloons were made in the basement of the property.
209
1971 also saw Finch build Golden Falcon, a balloon designed specifically to fly across the Sahara.
210
In 1972, Doug Finch received the Royal Aeronautical Club Bronze Medal, the first awarded for hot air airships.
211
A year later, he was awarded the Royal Aeronautical Club Silver Medal for the first balloon flight over the Alps.
212
In the same year, he received the Lighter Than Air Society, USA, Achievement Award for the development of the first hot airship.
213
Five years later, he attempted the first Atlantic crossing by balloon, for which he received the Royal Aeronautical Club gold medal.
214
In 1978, his attempt to make the premier Atlantic crossing by balloon ended
215
when bad weather forced his heated helium balloons and U.C down after a 2,000-mile flight from Canada.
216
The Finch Company moved to its present site in Gellingborough in 1983, and in the following years,
217
all of the records for distance and duration were taken by pilots flying Finch balloons.
218
In 1989, Finch Balloons Limited received the Queen's Award for Export,
219
confirmation that Doug Finch had made Bristol the undisputed balloon manufacturing capital of the world.
220
During the 1990s, interest in becoming the first to fly around the world by balloon became intense,
221
and almost all the contenders have used Finch helium hot air balloons.
222
Doug Finch has advanced the science, technology and art of balloon flight to the highest level.
223
His factory in Bristol is the world's largest, and last year he was awarded the Prince Philip Design Award.
224
honorary degree of Doctor of Business Administration at the awards ceremony at Bristol Business School.
225
That's the end of part two.
226
Now turn to part three.
227
You will hear five different people talking about the place where they live.
228
For questions 19 to 23, choose from the list A to H what each person feels about where they live.
229
Use the letters only once.
230
There are three extra letters which you do not need to use.
231
You now have 30 seconds to look at part three.
232
Thank you.
233
that I could get a lovely place somewhere rural.
234
I don't know, though.
235
It had never really occurred to me before.
236
I've lived half my life here and don't really see much reason for a change.
237
But while you might say the area has gone upmarket and improved with these new bistros and shops, well, it's lost something, too.
238
A lot of the character it used to have.
239
I mean, And now I don't even know my neighbours' names, and they don't know mine.
240
So I'm not sure if I should stick around now.
241
Moving.
242
Well, it's food for thought.
243
Speaker 2 There was a time around here that you could leave your front door open morning, noon and night.
244
Kids just played in the street unsupervised and only came home
245
when it got dark or they dinner was on the table everybody knew everybody else
246
and their business so it wasn't all great
247
ah but over the last few years it's got worse and worse and i've no idea why i really don't
248
mrs peter's at number 36 she was mugged just last thursday 50 pounds and her mobile phone she lost Speaker 3
249
When we saw it, we just fell in love with it.
250
The old wooden floors, the heavy oak doors, the delightful bay windows, and the garden.
251
The garden's going to be glorious in spring.
252
We'll have picnics, maybe even barbecues.
253
Of course, there's lots of work to be done before it's perfect, if it ever will be.
254
But we seem to be settling in.
255
Most of the local shopkeepers seem to know our names now, and most people say hello in the street.
256
It's such a change from living in the city.
257
And when the kids go back to school, there's a really good one at the other end of the village.
258
I'll probably have to walk them there, though.
259
The high street is very busy with cars, and I don't want to risk them crossing a busy road on their own.
260
Speaker 4 Well, with the kids now, there's just not enough room for all of us.
261
We had to do it, really.
262
Obviously, I would have liked to have stayed here, but it's for the best.
263
It was just impractical, really.
264
And now we'll have a lovely place.
265
I've lived here since I left home.
266
I never imagined then how much my life would change.
267
Look out of the window.
268
See that shop?
269
That's where I bought my first suit for my first day of work.
270
And there's the cafe where I met Karen, my wife.
271
The idea of moving was hard at first, leaving all these memories behind.
272
Still, it's for the best, and it's not like we're moving to the other side of the world.
273
It's only a ten-minute drive, and I can pop back whenever I like.
274
Speaker 5 I realise now it wasn't the right thing to do.
275
We jumped in too quick.
276
We just took one look at the cottage and the village and we fell in love.
277
We didn't really think about the practicalities.
278
It all seemed so idyllic, really.
279
Country houses with beautiful gardens, cricket on the village green, the village fate, the duck pond.
280
It seemed like we were going back in time.
281
But once you're used to all that, spent a year or so here, well, that's when the realities kick in.
282
There's not really much to do.
283
If we want to go to the cinema, it's a half-hour drive to the multiplex on the ring road.
284
If we want to eat in a good restaurant or see an exhibition, we have to go into town, which with traffic can take over an hour and a half.
285
And while the kids don't mind it now, I dread to think what they'll be like when they're a bit older.
286
There's literally nothing for teenagers to do here.
287
I guess we should have given it a bit more practical thought before we dived in and moved.
288
Speaker 1 People tell me I should cash in on it, sell up, move out to the country.
289
Prices have gone up so much around here that I could get a lovely place somewhere rural.
290
I don't know, though.
291
It had never really occurred to me before.
292
I've lived half my life here and don't really see much reason for a change.
293
But while you might say the area has gone upmarket and improved with these new bistros and shops, well, it's lost something, too.
294
A lot of the character it used to have.
295
I mean, now I don't even know my neighbours' names, and they don't know mine.
296
So I'm not sure if I should stick around now.
297
Moving.
298
Well, it's food for thought.
299
Speaker 2 There was a time around here that you could leave your front door open morning, noon and night.
300
Kids just played in the street unsupervised and only came home when it got dark, although dinner was on the table.
301
Everybody knew everybody else and their business, so it wasn't all great.
302
But over the last few years, it's got worse and worse, and I've no idea why.
303
I really don't.
304
Mrs. Peter's at number 36.
305
She was mugged just last Thursday.
306
Fifty pounds and her mobile phone she lost.
307
Speaker three.
308
When we saw it, we just fell in love with it.
309
The old wooden floors, the heavy oak doors, the delightful bay windows and the garden.
310
The garden's going to be glorious in spring.
311
We'll have picnics, maybe even barbecues.
312
Of course, there's lots of work to be done before it's perfect, if it ever will be.
313
But we seem to be settling in.
314
Most of the local shopkeepers seem to know our names now, and most people say hello in the street.
315
It's such a change from living in the city.
316
And when the kids go back to school, there's a really good one at the other end of the village.
317
I'll probably have to walk them there, though.
318
The high street is very busy with cars, and I don't want to risk them crossing a busy road on their own.
319
Speaker 4 Well, with the kids now, there's just not enough room for all of us.
320
We had to do it, really.
321
Obviously, I would have liked to have stayed here, but it's for the best.
322
It was just impractical, really.
323
And now we'll have a lovely place.
324
I've lived here since I left home.
325
I never imagined then how much my life would change.
326
Look out of the window.
327
See that shop?
328
That's where I bought my first suit for my first day of work.
329
And there's the cafe where I met Karen, my wife.
330
The idea of moving was hard at first, leaving all these memories behind.
331
Still, it's for the best, and it's not like we're moving to the other side of the world.
332
It's only a ten-minute drive, and I can pop back whenever I like.
333
Speaker 5 I realise now it wasn't the right thing to do.
334
We jumped in too quick.
335
We just took one look at the cottage and the village and we fell in love.
336
We didn't really think about the practicalities.
337
It all seemed so idyllic, really.
338
Country houses with beautiful gardens, cricket on the village green, the village fate, the duck pond.
339
It seemed like we were going back in time.
340
But once you're used to all that, spent a year or so here, well, that's when the realities kick in.
341
There's not really much to do.
342
If we want to go to the cinema, it's a half-hour drive to the multiplex on the ring road.
343
If we want to eat in a good restaurant or see an exhibition, we have to go into town, which with traffic can take over an hour and a half.
344
And while the kids don't mind it now, I dread to think what they'll be like when they're a bit older.
345
There's literally nothing for teenagers to do here.
346
I guess we should have given it a bit more practical thought before we dived in and moved.
347
That's the end of part three.
348
Now turn to part four.
349
You will hear an interview with a travel writer called Anna Bryant, who is talking about what to do when visiting other countries.
350
For questions 24 to 30, choose the best answer.
351
A, B, or C?
352
You now have one minute to look at part four.
353
Thank you.
354
Good morning, Anna, and thank you for joining us on the travel programme.
355
You're here to talk about travelling to other countries and how to deal with cultural differences.
356
How can you find out about a country's culture before you travel?
357
Well, it's often tempting to turn to guidebooks, though many focus on things to do rather than how to behave.
358
If you're lucky enough to know someone from the country you're visiting, I really have been, you've got the perfect consultant.
359
My preference is to eat in a restaurant where the staff are from the place you're planning to visit.
360
You can observe things like greetings and table manners.
361
That isn't always possible either, but it's worth a try.
362
How can you get over the language barrier?
363
It does no harm to try to use the local language, especially if it's one you've studied at school.
364
Even if you only remember a bit, it helps, though maybe not much.
365
Often, you might not know any of the language and you'll have to rely on hand gestures or even drawing.
366
I've been in situations where nobody understood a word anyone else was saying.
367
Surprisingly, the messages got across, and now that's the least of my concerns when travelling, though I try to pick up as much language as I can.
368
One thing people worry about is how to behave when visiting someone in their home.
369
Some people are concerned that telling their host they're nervous is rude.
370
Personally, I see little wrong with explaining why that's the case.
371
It provides the host with the opportunity to make you feel at home.
372
Otherwise, you could be trying to do what they're doing and get confused.
373
Copying them means you could end up behaving like the host instead of the guest.
374
Talking to other people before you go might help, but every family has its own particular traditions, so it may not.
375
Have you ever made a cultural mistake yourself?
376
Oh, yes.
377
Though, thankfully, I was fortunate enough to have an understanding host who put me at ease.
378
And because of that, I'm able to laugh about it now.
379
I don't know why I made the mistake.
380
I took an unlucky number of flowers as a gift.
381
Looking back, it wasn't so serious, really.
382
I just misunderstood what someone had told me before I went.
383
I'd never make the same mistake again, though.
384
Have you ever experienced culture shock?
385
When I've lived abroad, yes.
386
At first, everything's exciting, but if you stay longer, you notice differences in cultural values and beliefs, and that can be confusing.
387
Making good friends in a new place takes time, and it's important to try to let things happen rather than desperately trying to do everything at once.
388
Doing familiar things helps.
389
Sleeping regular hours and eating food you like.
390
It really worked in helping me get used to my new environment.
391
What's the most interesting tradition you've experienced?
392
I remember being in China at New Year and seeing the Lantern Festival.
393
There was this amazing parade of handmade lanterns.
394
Seeing it taught me that no matter how much you think you know about something in advance, it can still take you by surprise.
395
I was desperate to join in, but didn't have my own lantern.
396
It was still enormous fun to watch.
397
The images of it are stuck in my memory.
398
I needn't worry about forgetting anything, despite not taking any photos.
399
Finally, Anna, you're writing a book about culture.
400
That's right.
401
I'm still at the beginning of the process, even though I've been working on it for a while.
402
People who know me keep asking, isn't it finished yet?
403
But you've got to do the preparation.
404
I'm still undecided about whether people will want to read about my own travels, or whether I should just focus on describing customs from around the world.
405
I won't show anyone what I've written until it's finished.
406
I'm hopeful that people will enjoy it.
407
Now listen again.
408
Good morning, Anna, and thank you for joining us on the travel programme.
409
You're here to talk about travelling to other countries and how to deal with cultural differences.
410
How can you find out about a country's culture before you travel?
411
Well, it's often tempting to turn to guidebooks, though many focus on things to do rather than how to behave.
412
If you're lucky enough to know someone from the country you're visiting, I really have been, you've got the perfect consultant.
413
My preference is to eat in a restaurant where the staff are from the place you're planning to visit.
414
You can observe things like greetings and table manners.
415
That isn't always possible either, but it's worth a try.
416
How can you get over the language barrier?
417
It does no harm to try to use the local language, especially if it's one you've studied at school.
418
Even if you only remember a bit, it helps, though maybe not much.
419
Often, you might not know any of the language and you'll have to rely on hand gestures or even drawing.
420
I've been in situations where nobody understood a word anyone else was saying.
421
Surprisingly, the messages got across and now that's the least of my concerns when travelling.
422
Though, I try to pick up as much language as I can.
423
One thing people worry about is how to behave when visiting someone in their home.
424
Some people are concerned that telling their host they're nervous is rude.
425
Personally, I see little wrong with explaining why that's the case.
426
It provides the host with the opportunity to make you feel at home.
427
Otherwise, you could be trying to do what they're doing and get confused.
428
Copying them means you could end up behaving like the host instead of the guest.
429
Talking to other people before you go might help, but every family has its own particular traditions, so it may not.
430
Have you ever made a cultural mistake yourself?
431
Oh, yes, though thankfully I was fortunate enough to have an understanding host who put me at ease,
432
and because of that, I'm able to laugh about it now.
433
I don't know why I made the mistake.
434
I took an unlucky number of flowers as a gift.
435
Looking back, it wasn't so serious, really.
436
I just misunderstood what someone had told me before I went.
437
I'd never make the same mistake again, though.
438
Have you ever experienced culture shock?
439
When I've lived abroad, yes.
440
At first, everything's exciting.
441
But if you stay longer, you notice differences in cultural values and beliefs, and that can be confusing.
442
Making good friends in a new place takes time, and it's important to try to let things happen rather than desperately trying to do everything at once.
443
Doing familiar things helps, sleeping regular hours and eating food you like.
444
It really worked in helping me get used to my new environment.
445
What's the most interesting tradition you've experienced?
446
I remember being in China at New Year and seeing the Lantern Festival.
447
There was this amazing parade of handmade lanterns.
448
Seeing it taught me that no matter how much you think you know about something in advance, it can still take you by surprise.
449
I was desperate to join in, but didn't have my own lantern.
450
It was still enormous fun to watch.
451
The images of it are stuck in my memory.
452
I needn't worry about forgetting anything, despite not taking any photos.
453
Finally, Anna, you're writing a book about culture.
454
That's right.
455
I'm still at the beginning of the process, even though I've been working on it for a while.
456
People who know me keep asking, isn't it finished yet?
457
But you've got to do the preparation.
458
I'm still undecided about whether people will want to read about my own travels, or whether I should just focus on describing customs from around the world.
459
I won't show anyone what I've written till it's finished.
460
I'm hopeful that people will enjoy it.
461
Thank you.
Tải Ứng Dụng
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Từ vựng và ghi chú luyện nói cho bài học này
Bài luyện nói trình độ B2 này dựa trên video “Full B2 First (FCE) Listening Test 67 with Answers”. Video này có 461 câu và 5595 từ để luyện shadowing. Phần lời nói dài 42:03. Người nói giữ tốc độ đều, khoảng 133 từ mỗi phút, vừa sức để nói đuổi theo. 85% số từ nằm trong 3.000 từ tiếng Anh thông dụng nhất; phần còn lại nên xem trước khi luyện.
Từ vựng quan trọng trong video
15 từ khó nhất trong video, kèm phiên âm và nghĩa:
| Từ | Phiên âm | Nghĩa |
|---|---|---|
| balloon danh từ | /bəˈlun/ | khí cầu, bóng bay |
| lantern danh từ | /ˈlæ̝ntɚn/ | đèn lồng, lồng đèn |
| behave động từ | /bɪˈheɪv/ | cư xử |
| helium danh từ | /ˈhiː.li.əm/ | heli, hêli |
| café danh từ | /ˌkæˈfeɪ/ | tiệm cà phê, quán cà phê |
| carbohydrate danh từ | /kɑɹboʊˈhaɪdɹeɪt/ | hyđat-cacbon, hợp chất than giống nước |
| tempt động từ | /tɛmpt/ | xui, xúi |
| motivate động từ | /ˈmoʊ.tɪ.veɪt/ | khích lệ, động viên |
| gymnastics danh từ | /d͡ʒɪmˈnæs.tɪks/ | thể dục |
| unlucky tính từ | /ʌnˈlʌki/ | xui xẻo, xui |
| handmade tính từ | /ˈhændˌmeɪd/ | làm bằng tay, thủ công |
| greeting danh từ | /ˈɡɹiːtɪŋ/ | lời chào |
| neighbour danh từ | /ˈneɪbɚ/ | láng giềng, hàng xóm |
| picnic danh từ | /ˈpɪknɪk/ | dã ngoại, píc-níc |
| persuade động từ | /pə(ɹ)ˈsweɪd/ | thuyết phục |
Cụm động từ bạn sẽ nghe
| Từ | Nghĩa |
|---|---|
| pick up động từ | nhặt, lượm |
| go up động từ | lên |
Những câu đáng luyện lại
Các câu ngắn, trọn ý trong video mà bạn có thể dùng lại khi giao tiếp hằng ngày:
- You may think, what's the point then?
- What do you think of our ski classes?
- Don't you find it exhausting?
- What have you been doing in school recently?
- What's the most interesting tradition you've experienced?
Ngữ pháp trong video
Những cấu trúc người nói dùng nhiều nhất, kèm đúng cụm từ trong video:
| Cấu trúc | Trong video |
|---|---|
| Thì hiện tại hoàn thành tiếp diễn have/has been + -ing — việc bắt đầu từ trước và vẫn đang tiếp tục | I've been talking · have already been trying · you've been achieving |
| Câu điều kiện if + mệnh đề, will/would + động từ — điều kiện và kết quả | if it ever will be |
| “Used to” used to + động từ — thói quen hoặc tình trạng trong quá khứ nay không còn | used to have |
| Thì hiện tại hoàn thành have/has + quá khứ phân từ — việc đã xảy ra nhưng còn liên quan đến hiện tại | you've been given · I've wanted · has done |
Phát âm cần chú ý
Người nói dùng 176 dạng rút gọn, ví dụ I'm, don't, I've. Hãy nói theo dạng ngắn đúng như bạn nghe.
- Âm “sh” và “zh”: shopkeeper /ˈʃɑpkiːpɚ/, confirmation /ˌkɑn.fəɹˈmeɪ.ʃən/, recommendation /ˌɹɛkəmɛnˈdeɪʃən/, nutrition /njuːˈtɹɪʃ.ən/, duration /dʒʊˈɹeɪ.ʃən/
- Từ dài — đặt trọng âm cho đúng: honorary /ˈɑn.əˌɹɛɹ.i/, carbohydrate /kɑɹboʊˈhaɪdɹeɪt/, impractical /ɪmˈpɹæktɪkəl/, misunderstand /mɪs.ʌn.də(ɹ)ˈstænd/, undecided /ˌʌndɪˈsaɪ̯.dɪd/
Những âm người Việt thường gặp khó:
- Cụm phụ âm cuối — đọc đủ từng âm, đừng nuốt âm cuối: misunderstand /mɪs.ʌn.də(ɹ)ˈstænd/, multiplex /ˈmʌl.tiˌplɛks/, tempt /tɛmpt/, gymnastics /d͡ʒɪmˈnæs.tɪks/, exhaust /ɪɡˈzɔst/
- Âm /tʃ/, /dʒ/ và /ʒ/ — tiếng Việt không có, đừng đọc thành “ch” hay “gi”: gymnastics /d͡ʒɪmˈnæs.tɪks/, gesture /ˈd͡ʒɛs.t͡ʃɚ/, fortunate /ˈfɔɹ.t͡ʃə.nɪt/, cottage /ˈkɒt.ɪd͡ʒ/, teenager /ˈtiːnˌeɪ̯d͡ʒə/
- Âm /æ/ — mở miệng rộng hơn âm “e”: lantern /ˈlæ̝ntɚn/, café /ˌkæˈfeɪ/, impractical /ɪmˈpɹæktɪkəl/, misunderstand /mɪs.ʌn.də(ɹ)ˈstænd/, gymnastics /d͡ʒɪmˈnæs.tɪks/
Cách luyện với video này
- Nghe hết video một lần, chưa cần nói, và ghi lại những từ bạn chưa biết.
- Nói đuổi từng câu ở tốc độ bình thường, lặp lại mỗi câu đến khi nhịp của bạn khớp với người nói.
- Ghi âm giọng mình rồi so với bản gốc, chú ý các từ như balloon, lantern, behave.
Phương Pháp Shadowing Là Gì?
Shadowing là kỹ thuật học ngôn ngữ có cơ sở khoa học, ban đầu được phát triển cho chương trình đào tạo phiên dịch viên chuyên nghiệp và được phổ biến rộng rãi bởi nhà đa ngôn ngữ học Dr. Alexander Arguelles. Nguyên lý cốt lõi đơn giản nhưng cực kỳ hiệu quả: bạn nghe tiếng Anh của người bản xứ và lặp lại to ngay lập tức — như một "cái bóng" (shadow) đuổi theo người nói với độ trễ chỉ 1–2 giây. Khác với luyện ngữ pháp hay học từ vựng bị động, Shadowing buộc não bộ và cơ miệng phải đồng thời xử lý và tái tạo ngôn ngữ thực tế. Các nghiên cứu khoa học xác nhận phương pháp này cải thiện đáng kể phát âm, ngữ điệu, nhịp điệu, nối âm, kỹ năng nghe và độ lưu loát khi nói — đặc biệt hiệu quả cho người luyện IELTS Speaking và muốn giao tiếp tiếng Anh tự nhiên như người bản ngữ.