Luyện nói tiếng Anh bằng Shadowing qua video: Is it better to focus on READING or LISTENING? - Ask Ethan
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Now we have the question from Sumo Slam that I hinted at.
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And this is, should you focus on reading or listening more?
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This is in reference to Matt's newsletter that he sent out a while ago.
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I don't actually know exactly when.
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But the writer was very intrigued by what he was talking about essentially.
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It's a very long question i'll try to summarize it just to make it go quicker
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but um oh no this is actually the whole ah this is the whole email that's why it's
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so long it's a very long question they copied it here for reference it's basically about it says
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that if you focus a lot more on reading
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or just reading and listening at the same time
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because reading is easier you will get a lot better at
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that a lot faster and then you'll build everything on top of that model of the language
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rather than a more listening sound focused one
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which is how native speakers tend to do it is sort of the idea here um
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and so skipping out at the bottom
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and like the the statement here at the end is never
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let your reading ability get better than your spoken ability right
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and then a lot of people talk about having their reading
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ability be not too far ahead of their listening ability
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but to get the best possible results that's not enough you need to have your reading view worse
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then you'll be saying abilities for the spoken language to become
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like your full base model of the language sure um
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and i those questions started looking at our thoughts on it why do we have reading pretty high up there
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and our reasoning for
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that sort of thing yeah yeah sumo asked this in um one of the servers
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and i wrote a pretty long um written response to it
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so i think uh we should probably publish
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that as a blog post afterwards so we'll add
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that to the to-do list but the short answer here is
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that we don't really have enough data to definitively say whether a primary reading focus is more
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or less effective than a primary listening focus.
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The number of people who achieve really high levels in language learning are few, so it's very anecdotal,
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and it's not like those people treated their language learning as an experiment by trying to control all the confounding factors.
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So it's really hard to draw conclusions there.
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Matt in particular, he and I discussed this a lot when we were writing the roadmap
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because his approach to Japanese was very reading focused and then it caused a whole bunch of problems later on.
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He basically ignored listening, he ignored pitch accent, he ignored like studying the sounds of the language until he was already reading the fluid.
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And then he had to undo a lot of stuff later and had to deliberately study and practice.
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So I definitely agree with Matt that you should not allow your reading to completely and totally outstruck your listening.
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That does seem to cause problems later on.
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People do develop sort of bad habits and bad fossilization of pronunciations and the way things
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sound to them that then cause problems later on.
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So we agree on that.
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His approach at this point has been to take the exact opposite of perspective.
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It's like, okay, well, if that doesn't work, then we should completely switch to listening as the primary focus.
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That's what natives do, that's what babies do, so we should try and emulate that.
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I'm less convinced about that argument.
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I think that there are positive examples in both a reading-focused paradigm in terms of learning
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and there are positive examples in a listening-focused paradigm, and there are negative examples in both of those as well.
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So I don't think we can draw significant conclusions across
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either one to say it has to be this one or it has to be this one.
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From our perspective, our focus as a company is to increase the success rate of learners.
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And when we say success rate, we mean the number of people who achieve their goal of functional fluency,
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meaning they can like comfortably integrate into a culture and use the language in their day-to-day life.
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They don't just start learning for 10 minutes a day and then burn out in a couple weeks and just to say, oh, I guess I'm not cut out for Spanish or whatever.
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Right.
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So we're really, really focused on that success rate, meaning
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that they can stick with it they can be sustainable with
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it uh we're not going for speed we're not even going
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for like native level we are just going for how many
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people can we get to this high level of fluency
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and then if they want to go beyond that that's great um
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and if they want to like try
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and get there as quickly as possible that's great too but we're really focused on just that success rate
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And from our perspective, reading is so much easier than listening
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that the fastest way that you can get to a point where you enjoy yourself, and we believe that enjoyment is key to being able to do it sustainably,
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the fastest way to enjoy yourself is to use the written language just because it makes the process so much easier.
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You don't have to deal with the ambiguity of listening.
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However, we do completely respect the fact that reading alone, pure reading without any listening at all can cause serious problems later on,
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which is why we promote listening and reading together through as much of the early process as possible,
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which is why subtitles and TV shows are sort of a great mix or podcasts with transcripts are a great mix.
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And we call this multi-channel input or dual channel input.
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So we've tried to weigh the pros and cons of all these different configurations to optimize for a success rate, for a higher success rate in language learning.
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So from our perspective, totally fine to be reading, totally fine to have reading be the
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paradigm that you base things on as long as you are consistently integrating listening throughout the process.
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That being said, definitely more research to be done.
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People are completely free to pursue whichever paradigm they think is best.
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I cannot say, given the data that I've seen and given the examples that I've seen, that one of them is definitively better or worse than others.
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But if your focus is, I just want to make sure that I'm successful in the long term, I want to make sure that this is sustainable, a reading paradigm is going to be easier for you.
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If your focus is, I really, really want that high level of listening ability, I really, really want to be sounding super native, then perhaps a listening focus paradigm would be more suitable for you.
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Though again, data is still out, jury's still out on whether that really matters in the long term or not.
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It's almost like it's a really big question and problem to solve.
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Yeah, language learning is weird like that.
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It's pretty hard to create these very,
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very targeted studies that actually can remove the confounding factors and really focus in on what is causal and what is correlation.
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So it's a big field of study
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and I'm definitely excited to continue to engage with that and continue to do our own research on it.
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But know we're probably gonna be researching this for the next you know two decades only or longer
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good all right well thank you for the question to muslim and i already actually put it on our
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to-do list for to post the blog post about this that goes into a little bit more depth about it
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and so we'll share that when that's when that's ready to go sounds good
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hey as you know there's a lot of language learning advice out there
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which can make it kind of overwhelming and difficult to actually get going on your own learning.
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Từ vựng và ghi chú luyện nói cho bài học này
Bài luyện nói trình độ B2 này dựa trên video “Is it better to focus on READING or LISTENING? - Ask Ethan”. Những từ được nhắc lại nhiều nhất trong bài: reading, listening, language, learning, focus. Video này có 109 câu và 1609 từ để luyện shadowing. Phần lời nói dài 8:41. Người nói nói nhanh, khoảng 185 từ mỗi phút, nên sẽ có nhiều chỗ nối âm và nuốt âm. 89% số từ nằm trong 3.000 từ tiếng Anh thông dụng nhất, nên từ vựng dễ theo.
Từ vựng quan trọng trong video
12 từ khó nhất trong video, kèm phiên âm và nghĩa:
| Từ | Phiên âm | Nghĩa |
|---|---|---|
| fluency danh từ | /ˈfluːənsi/ | sự thành thạo |
| ambiguity danh từ | /æm.bɪˈɡjuː.ɪ.ti/ | sự tối nghĩa, sự mơ hồ |
| subtitle danh từ | /ˈsʌbtaɪtəl/ | phụ đề, sub |
| summarize động từ | /ˈsʌməˌɹaɪz/ | tóm lược, tóm tắt |
| pronunciation danh từ | /pɹəˌnʌn.siˈeɪ.ʃən/ | cách phát âm, cách đọc |
| undo động từ | /ʌnˈduː/ | hoàn tác |
| circumstance danh từ | /ˈsɝ.kəmˌstæns/ | hoàn cảnh |
| newsletter danh từ | /ˈn(j)uzˌlɛtɚ/ | bản tin |
| configuration danh từ | /kənˌfɪɡ.əˈɹeɪ̯.ʃən/ | cấu hình |
| weigh động từ | /weɪ/ | cân, đo |
| publish động từ | /ˈpʌblɪʃ/ | xuất bản |
| accent danh từ | /ækˈsɛnt/ | trọng âm |
Cụm động từ bạn sẽ nghe
| Từ | Nghĩa |
|---|---|
| check out động từ | tính tiền, trả phòng |
Ngữ pháp trong video
Những cấu trúc người nói dùng nhiều nhất, kèm đúng cụm từ trong video:
| Cấu trúc | Trong video |
|---|---|
| Thì hiện tại hoàn thành have/has + quá khứ phân từ — việc đã xảy ra nhưng còn liên quan đến hiện tại | has been · we've tried · I've seen |
| Mệnh đề quan hệ who / which + mệnh đề — thêm thông tin về người hoặc vật | people who achieve |
Phát âm cần chú ý
Người nói dùng 29 dạng rút gọn, ví dụ don't, we're, I'm. Hãy nói theo dạng ngắn đúng như bạn nghe.
- Âm “sh” và “zh”: pronunciation /pɹəˌnʌn.siˈeɪ.ʃən/, correlation /ˌkɔɹ.əˈleɪ.ʃən/, configuration /kənˌfɪɡ.əˈɹeɪ̯.ʃən/, publish /ˈpʌblɪʃ/, confusion /kənˈfjuːʒən/
- Từ dài — đặt trọng âm cho đúng: definitively /dɪˈfɪnɪtɪvli/, sustainable /səˈsteɪnəbəl/, ambiguity /æm.bɪˈɡjuː.ɪ.ti/, personalize /ˈpɜː.sə.nə.laɪz/, sustainably /səˈsteɪ.nə.bli/
Những âm người Việt thường gặp khó:
- Cụm phụ âm cuối — đọc đủ từng âm, đừng nuốt âm cuối: confound /kənˈfaʊnd/, overwhelm /ˌoʊ.vɚˈwɛlm/, circumstance /ˈsɝ.kəmˌstæns/, transcript /ˈtɹæn.skɹɪpt/, enjoyment /ɪnˈd͡ʒɔɪ.mənt/
- Âm /tʃ/, /dʒ/ và /ʒ/ — tiếng Việt không có, đừng đọc thành “ch” hay “gi”: whichever /wɪt͡ʃˈɛvɚ/, enjoyment /ɪnˈd͡ʒɔɪ.mənt/, confusion /kənˈfjuːʒən/
- Âm /æ/ — mở miệng rộng hơn âm “e”: paradigm /ˈpæɹ.ə.daɪm/, ambiguity /æm.bɪˈɡjuː.ɪ.ti/, anecdotal [ˌænɪkˈdəʊ̯tɫ̩], circumstance /ˈsɝ.kəmˌstæns/, transcript /ˈtɹæn.skɹɪpt/
Cách luyện với video này
- Nghe hết video một lần, chưa cần nói, và ghi lại những từ bạn chưa biết.
- Bắt đầu ở tốc độ 0,75×, nói đuổi từng câu, rồi quay lại tốc độ bình thường khi đã quen.
- Ghi âm giọng mình rồi so với bản gốc, chú ý các từ như fluency, ambiguity, subtitle.
Phương Pháp Shadowing Là Gì?
Shadowing là kỹ thuật học ngôn ngữ có cơ sở khoa học, ban đầu được phát triển cho chương trình đào tạo phiên dịch viên chuyên nghiệp và được phổ biến rộng rãi bởi nhà đa ngôn ngữ học Dr. Alexander Arguelles. Nguyên lý cốt lõi đơn giản nhưng cực kỳ hiệu quả: bạn nghe tiếng Anh của người bản xứ và lặp lại to ngay lập tức — như một "cái bóng" (shadow) đuổi theo người nói với độ trễ chỉ 1–2 giây. Khác với luyện ngữ pháp hay học từ vựng bị động, Shadowing buộc não bộ và cơ miệng phải đồng thời xử lý và tái tạo ngôn ngữ thực tế. Các nghiên cứu khoa học xác nhận phương pháp này cải thiện đáng kể phát âm, ngữ điệu, nhịp điệu, nối âm, kỹ năng nghe và độ lưu loát khi nói — đặc biệt hiệu quả cho người luyện IELTS Speaking và muốn giao tiếp tiếng Anh tự nhiên như người bản ngữ.