跟读练习: Is it better to focus on READING or LISTENING? - Ask Ethan - 通过视频学习英语口语

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Now we have the question from Sumo Slam that I hinted at.

And this is, should you focus on reading or listening more?

This is in reference to Matt's newsletter that he sent out a while ago.

I don't actually know exactly when.

But the writer was very intrigued by what he was talking about essentially.

It's a very long question i'll try to summarize it just to make it go quicker

but um oh no this is actually the whole ah this is the whole email that's why it's

so long it's a very long question they copied it here for reference it's basically about it says

that if you focus a lot more on reading

or just reading and listening at the same time

because reading is easier you will get a lot better at

that a lot faster and then you'll build everything on top of that model of the language

rather than a more listening sound focused one

which is how native speakers tend to do it is sort of the idea here um

and so skipping out at the bottom

and like the the statement here at the end is never

let your reading ability get better than your spoken ability right

and then a lot of people talk about having their reading

ability be not too far ahead of their listening ability

but to get the best possible results that's not enough you need to have your reading view worse

then you'll be saying abilities for the spoken language to become

like your full base model of the language sure um

and i those questions started looking at our thoughts on it why do we have reading pretty high up there

and our reasoning for

that sort of thing yeah yeah sumo asked this in um one of the servers

and i wrote a pretty long um written response to it

so i think uh we should probably publish

that as a blog post afterwards so we'll add

that to the to-do list but the short answer here is

that we don't really have enough data to definitively say whether a primary reading focus is more

or less effective than a primary listening focus.

The number of people who achieve really high levels in language learning are few, so it's very anecdotal,

and it's not like those people treated their language learning as an experiment by trying to control all the confounding factors.

So it's really hard to draw conclusions there.

Matt in particular, he and I discussed this a lot when we were writing the roadmap

because his approach to Japanese was very reading focused and then it caused a whole bunch of problems later on.

He basically ignored listening, he ignored pitch accent, he ignored like studying the sounds of the language until he was already reading the fluid.

And then he had to undo a lot of stuff later and had to deliberately study and practice.

So I definitely agree with Matt that you should not allow your reading to completely and totally outstruck your listening.

That does seem to cause problems later on.

People do develop sort of bad habits and bad fossilization of pronunciations and the way things

sound to them that then cause problems later on.

So we agree on that.

His approach at this point has been to take the exact opposite of perspective.

It's like, okay, well, if that doesn't work, then we should completely switch to listening as the primary focus.

That's what natives do, that's what babies do, so we should try and emulate that.

I'm less convinced about that argument.

I think that there are positive examples in both a reading-focused paradigm in terms of learning

and there are positive examples in a listening-focused paradigm, and there are negative examples in both of those as well.

So I don't think we can draw significant conclusions across

either one to say it has to be this one or it has to be this one.

From our perspective, our focus as a company is to increase the success rate of learners.

And when we say success rate, we mean the number of people who achieve their goal of functional fluency,

meaning they can like comfortably integrate into a culture and use the language in their day-to-day life.

They don't just start learning for 10 minutes a day and then burn out in a couple weeks and just to say, oh, I guess I'm not cut out for Spanish or whatever.

Right.

So we're really, really focused on that success rate, meaning

that they can stick with it they can be sustainable with

it uh we're not going for speed we're not even going

for like native level we are just going for how many

people can we get to this high level of fluency

and then if they want to go beyond that that's great um

and if they want to like try

and get there as quickly as possible that's great too but we're really focused on just that success rate

And from our perspective, reading is so much easier than listening

that the fastest way that you can get to a point where you enjoy yourself, and we believe that enjoyment is key to being able to do it sustainably,

the fastest way to enjoy yourself is to use the written language just because it makes the process so much easier.

You don't have to deal with the ambiguity of listening.

However, we do completely respect the fact that reading alone, pure reading without any listening at all can cause serious problems later on,

which is why we promote listening and reading together through as much of the early process as possible,

which is why subtitles and TV shows are sort of a great mix or podcasts with transcripts are a great mix.

And we call this multi-channel input or dual channel input.

So we've tried to weigh the pros and cons of all these different configurations to optimize for a success rate, for a higher success rate in language learning.

So from our perspective, totally fine to be reading, totally fine to have reading be the

paradigm that you base things on as long as you are consistently integrating listening throughout the process.

That being said, definitely more research to be done.

People are completely free to pursue whichever paradigm they think is best.

I cannot say, given the data that I've seen and given the examples that I've seen, that one of them is definitively better or worse than others.

But if your focus is, I just want to make sure that I'm successful in the long term, I want to make sure that this is sustainable, a reading paradigm is going to be easier for you.

If your focus is, I really, really want that high level of listening ability, I really, really want to be sounding super native, then perhaps a listening focus paradigm would be more suitable for you.

Though again, data is still out, jury's still out on whether that really matters in the long term or not.

It's almost like it's a really big question and problem to solve.

Yeah, language learning is weird like that.

It's pretty hard to create these very,

very targeted studies that actually can remove the confounding factors and really focus in on what is causal and what is correlation.

So it's a big field of study

and I'm definitely excited to continue to engage with that and continue to do our own research on it.

But know we're probably gonna be researching this for the next you know two decades only or longer

good all right well thank you for the question to muslim and i already actually put it on our

to-do list for to post the blog post about this that goes into a little bit more depth about it

and so we'll share that when that's when that's ready to go sounds good

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本课的词汇与口语要点

这节 B2 级别的口语课以视频“Is it better to focus on READING or LISTENING? - Ask Ethan”为素材。视频中反复出现的词有：reading, listening, language, learning, focus。这段视频共有 109 个句子、1609 个单词可供跟读。讲话部分时长为 8:41。说话人语速较快，每分钟约 185 个词，会出现较多连读和弱读。 89% 的单词属于英语最常用的 3,000 词，词汇容易理解。

视频中的重点词汇

视频中最难的 15 个单词，附发音和释义：

单词	发音	释义
paradigm 名词	/ˈpæɹ.ə.daɪm/	範式 /范式, 範例 /范例
fluency 名词	/ˈfluːənsi/	流暢 /流畅
learner 名词	/ˈlɜɹnəɹ/	學習者 /学习者
sumo 名词	/ˈsuːməʊ/	相撲 /相扑
sustainable 形容词	/səˈsteɪnəbəl/	可持續的 /可持续的
ambiguity 名词	/æm.bɪˈɡjuː.ɪ.ti/	模棱兩可的詞句 /模棱两可的词句, 有歧義的詞句 /有歧义的词句
causal 形容词	/ˈkɔːzəl/	原因的
emulate 动词	/ˈɛm.jʊ.leɪt/	模仿
intrigue 名词	/ˈɪntɹiːɡ/	密謀 /密谋, 陰謀 /阴谋
optimize 动词	/ˈɑptɪmaɪz/	优化
overwhelm 动词	/ˌoʊ.vɚˈwɛlm/	吞沒 /吞没
personalize 动词	/ˈpɜː.sə.nə.laɪz/	個性化 /个性化
subtitle 名词	/ˈsʌbtaɪtəl/	副標題 /副标题
summarize 动词	/ˈsʌməˌɹaɪz/	摘要, 總結 /总结
pronunciation 名词	/pɹəˌnʌn.siˈeɪ.ʃən/	發音 /发音

视频中出现的短语动词

单词	释义
check out 动词	退房
come up 动词	上來 /上来
figure out 动词	弄清楚

视频中的语法

说话人最常用的结构，并附上视频中的原话：

结构	视频中的用法
现在完成时 have/has + 过去分词 — 过去发生但与现在仍有关联的事	has been · we've tried · I've seen
定语从句 who / which + 从句 — 补充说明人或事物	people who achieve

需要注意的发音

说话人用了 29 次缩略和弱读形式，例如 don't, we're, I'm。请按听到的简短形式来说。

“sh” 和 “zh” 音: pronunciation /pɹəˌnʌn.siˈeɪ.ʃən/, correlation /ˌkɔɹ.əˈleɪ.ʃən/, configuration /kənˌfɪɡ.əˈɹeɪ̯.ʃən/, publish /ˈpʌblɪʃ/, confusion /kənˈfjuːʒən/
长单词——注意重音位置: definitively /dɪˈfɪnɪtɪvli/, sustainable /səˈsteɪnəbəl/, ambiguity /æm.bɪˈɡjuː.ɪ.ti/, personalize /ˈpɜː.sə.nə.laɪz/, sustainably /səˈsteɪ.nə.bli/

中文母语者容易读错的音：

/v/ — 不要读成 /w/，上齿轻触下唇: definitively /dɪˈfɪnɪtɪvli/, overwhelm /ˌoʊ.vɚˈwɛlm/, whichever /wɪt͡ʃˈɛvɚ/
词尾辅音 — 要读清楚，后面不要加元音: confound /kənˈfaʊnd/, integrate /ˈɪn.tɪ.ɡɹeɪt/, emulate /ˈɛm.jʊ.leɪt/, intrigue /ˈɪntɹiːɡ/, optimize /ˈɑptɪmaɪz/
/r/ 和 /l/ 的区别: learner /ˈlɜɹnəɹ/, correlation /ˌkɔɹ.əˈleɪ.ʃən/, deliberately /dɪˈlɪb.(ə.)ɹət.li/

如何用这段视频练习

先完整听一遍视频，不要开口，记下不认识的单词。
先用 0.75 倍速逐句跟读，熟练之后再回到正常速度。
录下自己的声音并与原声对比，特别注意 paradigm, fluency, learner 这类单词。

什么是跟读法？

跟读法 (Shadowing) 是一种有科学依据的语言学习技巧，最初开发用于专业口译员的培训，并由多语言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。这个方法简单而强大：您在听英语母语原声的同时立即大声重复——就像是一个延迟1-2秒紧跟说话者的影子。与被动听力或语法练习不同，跟读法强迫您的大脑和口腔肌肉同时处理并模仿真实的讲话模式。研究表明它能显着提高发音准确性，语调，节奏，连读，听力理解和口语流利度——使其成为雅思口语备考和真实英语交流最有效的方法之一。

影子跟读法: 阅读完整分步指南 →

跟读练习: Is it better to focus on READING or LISTENING? - Ask Ethan - 通过视频学习英语口语

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