跟讀練習: 10 open source tools that feel illegal... - 通過影片學習英語口語

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There are three types of computer people in this world.

Users, programmers, and hackers.

The user just wants boring software to make boring spreadsheets to get boring stuff done at work.

But in their naivety, users often get penetrated by hackers with high levels of riz,

who employ social engineering to steal personal data,

intimate photos, and crypto wallets.

But then you've got programmers.

They're the unsung heroes who make all the software in the world work,

but they too get penetrated by hackers.

If a programmer leaves the back door open to their mainframe,

it could lead to catastrophic consequences that cost them their job and their employer billions of dollars.

The lesson to be learned here is that you want to be the one doing the penetrating,

not some stranger in a foreign country who doesn't even care about your feelings.

In today's video, you'll learn the fundamentals of ethical hacking

and pen testing by looking at 10 free and open source tools that you can use right now,

all of which are available by default on Kali Linux,

a distro optimized for ethical hacking.

By the end of this video,

you'll be a legit wannabe hacker who can take down entire nations,

but if you like to do bad things,

you need to turn this video off right now.

The tools in this video,

if used non-consensually, it could break many international laws that land you in prison.

So never do penetration testing on a website or network without permission.

But now that all the bad guys have clicked off this video,

let's learn how to use some of the most powerful and dangerous hacking tools.

To follow along, I would highly recommend installing Kali Linux,

and the desktop version is awesome.

Although Microsofties can install it via WSL,

or if you don't want to use Kali,

you can just install each one of these hacking tools individually.

But the best way to get started is to spin up your own virtual private server on Hostinger,

the sponsor of today's video.

Their platform gives you the power

and flexibility to run anything you want without locking you into a complicated and expensive cloud platform.

You can run a basic Linux server like Arch with powerful hardware like NVMe SSD storage and AMD Epic chips.

You can easily manage containers with a Docker VPS and their free Docker manager,

or self-host entire back-ends like Supabase with a single click and zero config nightmares.

But today, I'm using Hostinger to run Kali Linux,

and after launching the VPS with just a few clicks,

I can SSH into it with my password,

and now our hacking journey begins.

The first tool you need to know about is Nmap.

It's like the peeping Tom in your neighborhood who looks through all the windows in your house without actually breaking in.

On a network, like the one you're connected to right now to watch this video,

there's likely multiple hosts connected to it,

like your computer, your PlayStation, and your smart lock.

And the purpose of Nmap is to map out a network.

It does this by sending packets over an IP range,

then analyzes their responses to figure out which ports are open,

which operating systems they use,

to help you find backdoors to exploit.

Like if grandpa misconfigured something on his network,

you can hack his printer to send him a message.

To use it, simply use the nmap command,

followed by an IP address you have access to,

like your local network, or even a URL that you have permission to penetrate.

If we do that on a website,

you'll notice we get the IP address back,

and it found that ports 80 and 443 were open.

That's pretty cool, but we can also do a more aggressive scan,

with the A option.

This will not only scan the network,

but also try to detect the operating systems,

and will use something called tracer route to track the path of the packets across the entire network,

which can help detect misconfigurations that we can exploit.

If you're interested in packets though,

another tool you'll need to know about is Wireshark.

It's like that guy at a party who tries to eavesdrop on every conversation.

It allows you to inspect what's happening on the network at a microscopic level.

You'll want to use the GUI on this one because it collects tons of data from hundreds of different protocols,

which are all captured in real time and can be analyzed offline.

For example, if you record the traffic on your network right now

and notice all this weird traffic going to an IP address in North Korea,

you can inspect the actual payload and might find out

that they have access to those photos that were intended for only you and your future ex-wife to see.

And now you might be radicalized and ready to fight back.

Metasploit is perhaps the most powerful hacking framework out there.

It's like a Swiss army knife with an AK-47 attached to it

that allows even the most unskilled script kitty to launch an attack.

For example, we might be able to gain access to a Windows machine with a reverse shell,

thanks to the EternalBlue vulnerability.

Open up the Metasploit console and search for EternalBlue.

That should bring up a list of potential Windows targets.

We know that Grandpa is still on Windows 7,

so let's go ahead and use that exploit.

From there, we can set a payload to use a reverse shell,

and configure the local host to our own IP address.

And then finally, run the exploit command.

Congratulations, you just made a successful penetration.

You can now access all the files on this computer,

change the desktop background, and install even more malware.

But Metasploit is almost too powerful,

and if you use it,

you'll miss out on a lot of cybersecurity learning opportunities.

The next tool you need to know about is Aircrack.

Like the name implies, it's for hacking those magical invisible packets floating around in the air called Wi-Fi.

When you're at Starbucks enjoying a soy latte coding a Node.js app,

there could be a guy behind the dumpster using Aircrack who just ran the AirMon command,

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followed by AirDump, to find your network as the perfect target.

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He then proceeded to run AirCrack to crack the Wi-Fi protected access key

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and can now pull all the packets out of thin air floating on this network.

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If you're connected to a regular unencrypted HTTP website,

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your sensitive data could be intercepted.

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That's why you always want to make sure to use HTTPS when submitting forms with personal data,

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because even if a hacker intercepts those packets, they'll be encrypted.

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Luckily, though, the cops just arrested this guy,

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because using aircrack on a network without permission is highly illegal.

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But now, it's time to talk about passwords.

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Normies who watch Hollywood movies think that hackers get access to the mainframe by running some program that cracks their password.

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I could launch a cyber nuke,

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but it'll completely fry his system.

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And believe it or not,

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Hollywood movies about hacking are 100% accurate.

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Kali Linux has multiple password cracking tools,

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like John the Ripper and Hydra,

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but the easiest tool to learn in my opinion is Hashcat.

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First though, it's crucial to understand that nobody in their right mind stores a plain text password in a database.

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Instead, passwords get hashed with a one-way algorithm,

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like SHA or bcrypt, then salt them with another random string to make them even more difficult to crack.

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Now, even if somebody steals the database,

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it's still almost impossible to reverse engineer the hash back to the original password.

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The key word here, though, is almost.

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Let's imagine I found this hash for the president's login credentials to access the Nuclear Armageddon launch button website.

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Hashcat allows us to run a variety of different strategies to figure out the original text value of this hash.

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Like, we could try to brute force every possible string combination,

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but a more common technique is to use a file like rocku.txt,

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which contains over 14 million common passwords.

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Once we have that, we can then use Hashcat and specify a hashing algorithm,

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which in this example is MD5 because it can be cracked in just a few seconds,

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but in real life with a hashing algorithm like bcrypt,

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it might take multiple days to go through the rocky file.

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In any case, it looks like President Camacho used a weak password and forgot to enable 2FA,

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which means it's finally time to kick off Armageddon.

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But you might be wondering how I even found this top secret website.

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Skipfish is a tool for finding vulnerabilities on websites.

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It will recursively crawl an entire website,

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and in the process, scan for vulnerabilities like cross-site scripting,

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SQL injection, and other web application screw-ups.

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It provides this nice HTML report,

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and what's awesome about it is that if you've already hacked a username and password,

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you can provide those credentials to also crawl the deep web beyond what's available to the public.

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Then when you find vulnerabilities,

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you can use tools like cross-site scriptor to install worms,

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just like my hero Sammy did to MySpace back in 2005.

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Now, in order to be a successful cyber criminal,

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you need to think like law enforcement,

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and use their tools like Foremost,

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a forensic data recovery tool built on a process called file carving.

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Imagine you got access to a hard drive in Area 51 somehow,

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but all the data is gone.

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Well, if they did a quick format and didn't overwrite the data,

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it can likely be recovered with Foremost.

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It doesn't even need a file system,

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and will scan the entire disk image byte by byte,

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looking for unique patterns like the bytes at the beginning of a header to identify a JPEG.

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When it finds the corresponding footer,

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it can then reconstruct an image that you were never supposed to see.

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And that's why when you end up with two shots to the back of the head,

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it'll be ruled a suicide.

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At this point, we know how to map networks,

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websites, and hard drives, but the golden goose for any hacker is a database,

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which can be sold form an arrow on the dark web.

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A SQL map allows you to scan a website

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or server to find all the databases and map out their schemas with all the tables and columns.

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Once you have that information,

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you can start launching SQL injection attacks,

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where you submit forms with raw SQL statements in them to try to trick their server into running that code.

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Or better yet, print that code out

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and paste it on the front of your car and blow through a bunch of speed cameras.

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But a more common attack nowadays is denial of service.

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You probably know how to ping a website in Linux,

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but in Kali Linux, you can use HPing3,

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along with the flood option,

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to send packets as fast as possible to an IP address,

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without waiting for replies.

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This can flood a server with traffic and grind it to a halt,

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or cost the developer millions of dollars if they host on a serverless platform.

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When used on one machine,

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it's just a basic DOS attack,

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but if you distribute it across a botnet of all the machines that you've hacked already,

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it then becomes a DDoS attack,

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yet another great way to embark on a magical journey to prison.

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But the sad reality of hacking is that most people are victimized by those they trust.

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Like, I trusted Prince Hyman Cholo to transfer my inheritance after I gave him my checking account password,

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but he took all my money and went to a phish concert.

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The social engineering toolkit in Kali Linux allows you to create

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your own sophisticated phishing attacks using a variety of attack vectors like email,

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QR codes, SMS text messages,

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Arduino IoT devices, and of course websites.

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In fact, the tool can even clone a website,

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which you can then host on your server,

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and when someone finds it and enters their email and password,

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it goes directly to you instead of PayPal.

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But that entire attack was accomplished without writing any JavaScript code.

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And with that, we've looked at 10 dangerously powerful tools for hackers in Kali Linux.

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But we've barely scratched the surface,

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and you'll also want to learn about John the Ripper,

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Nikto, Burp Suite, just to name a few.

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Actually, you know what?

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Forget I ever said anything.

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Nobody should know about any of these tools,

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so go ahead and look into this device real quick.

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I am just a figment of your imagination.

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All right, guys, you just watched a tutorial about Enterprise Oracle Forms with Microsoft Silverlight.

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Make sure to smash that like button and subscribe for more benign and totally not illegal programming content.

207

Huge thanks to Hostinger for sponsoring,

208

and make sure to check out their platform to get the best deal on your own virtual private server in the industry.

209

Thanks for watching, and I will see you in the next one.

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為什麼要通過這個影片練習口語？

練習口語是提高英語表達能力的關鍵，尤其是在技術和網路安全領域。這個影片提供了一個生動的上下文，讓學習者可以通過觀察如何使用開源工具來增強自己的口語表達。

在這個影片中，講者以輕鬆的風格介紹了倫理駭客和滲透測試的基礎知識，通過討論不同的駭客工具，使學習者能夠在實際場景中應用英語。藉助“英語影子跟讀”，學習者可以模仿講者的語調和語速，從而提高自己的發音和流利度。通過這種方式，學習者不僅能掌握專業詞彙，還能增強自信。

語法與表達的語境

如同……似的 - 這個短語用於比喻，在影片中提到“Nmap就像鄰居的偷窺者”，這種比喻使表達更加生動，讓學習者理解如何將複雜概念轉化為易於理解的影像。
……的目的是…… - 講者說到“目的是繪製網路圖”，這種結構幫助學習者理解目的和結果的關係。
通過……來…… - 該短語在描述Nmap的工作原理時使用，比如“通過傳送資料包來分析響應”，強調手段與目標之間的關係，有助於增強邏輯性。

常見發音陷阱

在影片中，一些技術術語可能會讓學習者感到挑戰，比如“Nmap”和“SSH”。這些詞的發音需要特別注意，確保正確發出每個音節。此外，講者的語速較快，對於非母語者來說，模仿時可能會遇到流利度的問題。

另一個致命的發音陷阱是“penetrate”和“network”，這些詞在技術討論中經常出現。練習時，可以通過“shadow speech”技術反覆跟讀，幫助記憶並掌握準確發音。

總結來說，通過這些發音和表達練習，學習者能夠更好地在雅思口語練習中脫穎而出，將技術與語言融會貫通，提升整體英語能力。

影片中的語法

說話人最常用的結構，並附上影片中的原話：

結構	影片中的用法
被動語態 be + 過去分詞 — 強調發生了什麼，而不是誰做的	be learned · can be analyzed · were intended
現在完成時 have/has + 過去分詞 — 過去發生但與現在仍有關聯的事	have clicked · you've already hacked · you've hacked

什麼是跟讀法？

跟讀法 (Shadowing) 是一種有科學依據的語言學習技巧，最初開發用於專業口譯員的培訓，並由多語言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。這個方法簡單而強大：您在聽英語母語原聲的同時立即大聲重複——就像是一個延遲1-2秒緊跟說話者的影子。與被動聽力或語法練習不同，跟讀法強迫您的大腦和口腔肌肉同時處理並模模擬實的講話模式。研究表明它能顯著提高發音準確性，語調，節奏，連讀，聽力理解和口語流利度——使其成為雅思口語備考和真實英語交流最有效的方法之一。

影子跟讀法: 閱讀完整分步指南 →

跟讀練習: 10 open source tools that feel illegal... - 通過影片學習英語口語

選擇練習模式

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為什麼要通過這個影片練習口語？

語法與表達的語境

常見發音陷阱

影片中的語法

什麼是跟讀法？