跟讀練習: AEE - What is Lookism and What Can We Do About It? - 通過影片學習英語口語
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1
Hello, Lindsay.
2
How are you?
3
Hey, Aubrey.
4
I'm doing great.
5
Great to be back on the mic.
6
We took a little break, although episodes still came out, but you and I haven't recorded in a few weeks here, so it's nice to be back on the microphone together.
7
It is nice to be back, and I have a question for you.
8
This is going to be a really interesting topic today, and I'm wondering, do you ever judge someone based on their appearance?
9
I mean, I think if you said no, oh, it would be a lie, right?
10
The human mind is designed to draw conclusions as quickly as possible because that's evolutionarily how we survived as a species, unfortunately.
11
But I will say that what I try to do is when I make a judgment, I think about the fact that I just made a judgment.
12
It's like an awareness, right?
13
And I think, oh, could that be untrue?
14
At least you're questioning the prejudices.
15
You might have the assumptions and it might not not necessarily be about someone's beauty or something physical,
16
but maybe if they're slovenly dressed or seem like they have poor hygiene, things like that, it's hard to not draw conclusions about a person.
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Oh, for sure.
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I mean, and I know it happens on the other side.
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Like I know that when I bring my son into daycare now, I basically roll out of bed, feed him and then go in kind of like just in cut off jeans.
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My hair is all over the place.
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And most parents drop off their kids when they are polished, ready for work in their high heels.
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And I know I've been looked up and down and I know what they're thinking.
23
I've had that same experience.
24
If I have to drop something off to kids at school and I'm like, I wonder what the other moms look like coming in.
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I'm like barely dressed.
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It's true.
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I'm like, I work from home.
28
Okay.
29
So it happens on both sides.
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And so we're going to talk about this today.
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This is fascinating.
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This was inspired by an article that I saw in the New Yorker that was called, should we do more to fight lookism?
33
And I immediately was like, what is lookism?
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I had never heard this word.
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And Lindsay and I chatted briefly, you hadn't as well, right?
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So it's sort of a new term, I think.
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But it makes sense.
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This is the unfair treatment or discrimination of people based on their physical appearance.
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So judging someone's character, intelligence, or value because of how they look.
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And that can be anything about their appearance, something that doesn't necessarily have anything to do with their character
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but it's a judgment solely based on how they look completely
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guys we love to get into topics like this thought -provoking new cultural topics
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and we're going to show you later in the episode how
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you can talk with another english speaker about this too
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so hit follow
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if you love our style we'll show you how most importantly to connect around good conversation yes exactly
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because this is such an interesting topic it's very cultural i'm sure it's different around the world.
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But all of us have observed it or noticed it or found ourselves doing it.
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So definitely something that's interesting to talk about.
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100%.
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So where should we start today, Aubrey?
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What do we need to know?
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So I'll first share some details about this article if you want to go check it out.
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It was in the New Yorker.
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And sort of the subheading was discrimination against the unattractive is widespread and widely tolerated.
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So this was by Joshua Rothman, July 24th of this year, 2026.
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And this is interesting how it's not just about the fact that lookism exists.
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It's more about why isn't anyone doing anything about it?
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Like, why are there no repercussions?
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Why are there no consequences if someone is getting a promotion or getting a job?
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And there's a chance that that was affected by something about their appearance.
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Very interesting, right?
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Because if you look at the C -suite of many companies, it's often the good looking, well, it's often men, good looking men and older men.
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Right.
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Um, and so there's a lot there, but this, this is fascinating.
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So, so when we talk about lookism, let's make sure we have the definition.
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Are we looking just at attractiveness?
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Are we also looking at looking like, let's say on camp to work?
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Like I said before, kind of showing up at daycare sort of hair all over the place.
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I mean, all of that, right.
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There's a reason that
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when you go to a job interview you are dressing in your nicest clothing
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and trying to do your hair
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and look well you know most of us don't go to an interview looking unkempt
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and there's a reason for that lookism right we know
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that we are being judged based on the appearance that we put forth
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and you can't prove it you can't prove you didn't get a job
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because you went in sweats to an interview but you can assume
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that right because that's just part of our culture it's part of what our society values.
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Right.
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So we put on makeup, right.
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To prepare for a job interview, we put on our best clothes and yeah, I mean, that's just, I guess I've never thought of it this way.
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Right.
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And I hadn't thought of it as an ism, right.
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Something that we're being judged on and maybe unfairly, like I had never thought of it like this exists in our society, but is it not okay?
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Is it something we should be fighting?
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It was just always sort of a given and
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that I'm sort of fascinating in my own assumptions fascinated by my own assumptions there.
89
That is really fascinating.
90
So what are kind of the key aspects here of lookism?
91
Yeah.
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So of course the workplace, right?
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Employers often will favor attractive job candidates for hiring and promotions.
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There is this sort of beauty premium where better looking workers often earn more money.
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And we know that there have been studies about this.
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There are statistics, but it's tricky because it's really hard to prove.
97
Like, like you said, often leadership in a company are good looking people.
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How can you prove that that helps them get the job?
99
Right.
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And also it would be hard to prove because those people that have made it to the leadership, the C -suite have the skills because they've been good looking, not just because of it,
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let's just say it's all the reason, but partially because of this throughout their entire careers, right?
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Something that compounds, something that would, there's a built -in confidence when their whole life they have known that they have this attractiveness going for them.
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So there's a lot more to it than just attractiveness.
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If that person were a poor leader and had a lack of confidence, then they probably wouldn't be getting that job.
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It's kind of all related.
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So they're kind of compounding effects where maybe it starts with knowing you're an attractive person that makes you more confident.
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Therefore you gain more skills.
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Therefore you become even more qualified.
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Exactly.
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Right.
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And it's interesting to think about how social media affects this
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this i think is becoming even more prevalent in our culture
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because of digital culture right selfie sharing apps
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that increase appearance pressure people have to think more i was talking to my teenagers about this they never know
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when someone's going to take a picture of them
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and post it immediately we didn't have
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that pressure as kids where it was just film cameras like
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there were like two pictures have taken of me a year so i didn't have to worry about it so much.
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The focus wasn't so much on appearance.
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That's a lot of pressure.
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Gosh, that is a lot of pressure for teenagers to have when they're already, you know, struggling with their appearance, maybe you're trying to figure out who they are or changes.
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This really reinforces those narrow beauty standards that you have to always be put together and photo ready.
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And so it's interesting how that really has compounded this lookism and made it a bigger part of our culture, unfortunately.
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Yeah.
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And there really aren't any, uh, laws that ban this because as we said, it's really hard.
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It would be really hard to prove this.
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We have more laws about things like ageism, racism, sexism.
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Um, what's another one?
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I don't know if we have any, any laws for fatism, but it is a term too, um, that I've heard lately.
130
Yeah.
131
Interesting.
132
Yeah.
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So yeah, it's true.
134
There aren't really any laws on the books.
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So, you know, targets of this don't really have legal protection.
136
And you couldn't really prove it.
137
If you are maybe, by society standards, an unattractive person, and you feel like you're not getting jobs and you're not getting promotions,
138
how could you possibly prove that?
139
It would be really hard to do, for sure.
140
So what is this halo effect?
141
This is interesting.
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So this was kind of in the research about why this persists.
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And this something called the halo effect is that people tend to automatically assume that attractive individuals are smarter, kinder, healthier, more confident.
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And often maybe they are because like we were saying, this compounds, this sort of reinforces.
145
And so they might all be related often.
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And so we do, a lot of individuals have this tendency to assume attractiveness equals all these other positive characteristics.
147
Interesting.
148
But it's interesting why it could be true.
149
It's because of lookism, because they've been given those opportunities, those advantages throughout their lives.
150
It's not because they're good looking.
151
Right. So interesting.
152
And I researched this a little further because this was the first I had heard this term.
153
But there was an academic paper by the Cambridge University Press in April of 2026 called Lookism and Acceptable Discrimination.
154
And this was a really fascinating paper
155
that studied why lookism isn't taken as seriously in policy and practice as other forms of discrimination, such as sexism and racism.
156
So you can just search and read that entire academic paper if you really want to dive in for details about this, because it is fascinating.
157
And it's also interesting to think about the cultural piece.
158
This is possibly prevalent in many countries across many cultures, but it's likely different depending on where you live.
159
And that's really interesting as well of course.
160
Standards of beauty are different, of course.
161
But this seems like because there have been two articles written in the last three or four months, it seems like it could be a hot new term kind of emerging
162
that we're going to start talking about on a societal level.
163
So this is really tuning our listeners in to a current topic that matters.
164
Exactly.
165
Really interesting.
166
So definitely it might come up in conversations
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and you want to be ready hey quick question do you want to feel more confident
168
when you speak english if
169
so we made a free guide for you it'll help you avoid those common mistakes
170
and start speaking more naturally in real conversations go grab it in the description below
171
and if this is helpful for you make sure that you like
172
and subscribe we're here five times a week to help you connect in english All right, Aubrey.
173
So what are some ways that our listeners can take this new concept
174
that maybe today's the first time they've heard about it and start talking about it in English to practice and to connect?
175
Yeah, we're excited for you to have these conversations, but this is definitely one of those things
176
that you have to be aware that whoever you're talking to may never have heard this term before.
177
So we've recommended this in the past as a way to do that.
178
So our first recommendation is to start the conversation with something like this.
179
I was listening to a podcast about lookism where people experience discrimination based on their appearance.
180
Do you think that happens a lot?
181
So I wouldn't say something like, I was listening to a podcast about lookism.
182
Have you heard of that?
183
Do you know what that is?
184
I would start it sort of assuming that they haven't heard this term
185
and then say it this way where you kind of automatically very briefly define it and then jump right into the conversation.
186
Yeah, for sure.
187
And I can't overemphasize how common this chunk is.
188
These days out in the world, I was listening to a podcast about X.
189
It's so common.
190
It's the easiest way to start a conversation because it takes out that sort of condescension of like, I heard about this, right?
191
Everyone listens to podcasts.
192
It's such a easy medium to be like, I randomly heard about this on a podcast.
193
I'm not setting myself up as more learned or intelligent than the person I'm talking to.
194
Exactly.
195
It's just so funny because we started the show in 2013.
196
And that wasn't a thing you heard anywhere.
197
No one knew what a podcast was.
198
It's just, it's such a cultural shift that we've gone through in the last 10, 13 years.
199
It's amazing.
200
I don't know. So true.
201
And then this second thing I want to recommend is you can say like, have you heard of lookism?
202
But what you're doing is immediately sharing that you had not before, right?
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Cause this is such an uncommon term.
204
Most likely the person that you're talking to would just say, no, I haven't.
205
What's that?
206
You don't want to set yourself up as an expert that could hurt the connection.
207
So what you can say is something like, Hey, have you heard of lookism?
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I had not heard of it before, but I just heard a podcast about it.
209
Yes, exactly.
210
And you know, some follow -up questions that we could have, uh, you could then, you know, if the response is people are curious, whoever you're talking to, you could ask,
211
have you ever witnessed or do you feel like you've ever seen it?
212
Maybe more casually, right?
213
Have you ever witnessed lookism?
214
Do you feel like you've ever seen this or experienced it, what else?
215
Or are you guilty of it?
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Like you could admit yourself, be like, I definitely feel like I've been guilty of this.
217
What about you?
218
Right.
219
Admit that vulnerability.
220
Yes.
221
Um, or you could ask, is it common where you live and work?
222
Um, it's also really interesting to talk about standards of beauty, which would be a slightly different topic, but what is considered beautiful in your culture?
223
Definitely.
224
It would It'd be interesting to find out how that's different with who you're talking to.
225
Yeah.
226
Just yesterday, we ran our fluency party, which we run once a month for anyone in any one of our courses.
227
And we were talking about sunscreen and tanning, right, Aubrey?
228
That's a good example.
229
I thought of this lookism when we had that conversation, because this, of course, is different across cultures, depending on beauty standards.
230
Here in the United States, that sun -kissed, a little bit tanned skin is a beauty standard, but that's not how it is around the world necessarily.
231
Exactly.
232
It's fascinating.
233
So, um, all right, Aubrey, are we going to dive into a role play here to show our listeners how we might talk about this together?
234
Uh, let's do it.
235
Um, so here you and I are friends chatting at lunch.
236
I'll start us out.
237
All right.
238
I was listening to a podcast about lookism where people experience discrimination based on their appearance.
239
Do you think that happens a lot?
240
Yeah, I do.
241
I don't think people always realize they're doing it, but first impressions can be really powerful.
242
I agree.
243
Have you ever caught yourself making assumptions about someone based on how they look?
244
Honestly, yeah.
245
I have assumed someone was unfriendly because they looked serious.
246
And then after talking to them, they turned out to be really kind.
247
Oh, that's a great example.
248
Do you think social media makes it worse?
249
Probably, yeah.
250
We're constantly seeing carefully chosen photos, so it's easy to judge people based on appearances.
251
That's true.
252
It's a good reminder to give people a chance before jumping to conclusions.
253
Yeah.
254
Interesting.
255
Yeah.
256
I think most people will probably admit, yes, they've experienced this and, and experienced it and, and done it.
257
Right.
258
Um, I, I'm sure.
259
and it's a great conversation to strike it is interesting it's
260
going to be interesting to see whoever you're talking to how they respond where the conversation goes
261
because there are
262
so many possibilities right you could end up talking more about someone could share specific experiences they've had at work
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or in their life or specific times when they felt like they judged someone else
264
always going to be a way to connect because people are going to start sharing truths about themselves
265
yes 100 all right abri
266
so anything we want to go through in the role play
267
here do we have any we didn't really have key phrases today
268
which is kind of a nice little refreshing change right we're
269
talking about a concept right it's not about the vocabulary it's about the concept
270
and what a great conversation topic it is and how to start
271
that conversation because it is tricky
272
if you just say like do you know what lookism is
273
and you've heard this podcast you've been delving into it
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and they just are like no what's
275
that this is a mistake a conversation mistake that a lot of people do where they set themselves up as an expert.
276
And now you're in a position where you need to just lecture them, share all this information.
277
And that's not a fun conversation.
278
So if instead you make it collaborative like this, just share, you heard about it on a podcast and go from there.
279
That's such a better way to connect over a conversation.
280
Yeah.
281
We'd call that a conversation killer, setting yourself up as an expert from the beginning, right?
282
It's only going down all of the information I heard with you.
283
Some people do it.
284
I mean, there's a whole woman -splaining, man -splaining thing that happens, which just is nauseating for me.
285
We want to be careful to avoid that, right?
286
There are better ways to have a conversation about something you've been learning about that the person you're talking to might.
287
And you might find that someone's like, yes, I've just read an article about that.
288
And then the conversation would go, you know, and you both are more informed.
289
Yes.
290
All right, guys, there's another great episode.
291
If you love today's episode, go check out another one keep listening to allers english it's episode 2698 in a
292
while or for a while tricky english grammar explained we'll show you
293
when to use each of these very important for basic grammar absolutely go check it out
294
and if you missed that episode you might not be following the podcast
295
so wherever you're listening follow all ears english so you never miss any of our episodes.
296
All right.
297
Sounds great, Aubrey.
298
You have a good rest of your day.
299
You too.
300
Thanks, Lindsay.
301
Bye.
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本課的詞彙與口語要點
這節口語課以影片“AEE - What is Lookism and What Can We Do About It?”為素材。 影片中反覆出現的詞有：interesting, conversation, heard, lookism。 這段影片共有 14 個句子、3311 個單詞可供跟讀。 講話部分時長為 17:06。 說話人語速較快，每分鐘約 194 個詞，會出現較多連讀和弱讀。 86% 的單詞屬於英語最常用的 3,000 詞，其餘的詞建議在練習前先學一下。 全部 14 個句子中有 48 個是問句，適合練習疑問語調和簡短回答。
影片中的重點詞彙
影片中 15 個值得學習的單詞，附發音和釋義：
| 單詞 | 發音 | 釋義 |
|---|---|---|
| podcast 名詞 | /ˈpɑdˌkæst/ | 播客 |
| topic 名詞 | /ˈtɑpɪk/ | 主題 /主題, 話題 /話題 |
| discrimination 名詞 | /dɪskɹɪmɪˈneɪʃən/ | 區別 /區別 |
| connect 動詞 | /kəˈnɛkt/ | 連線 /連線 |
| compound 名詞 | /ˈkɑmpaʊnd/ | 化合物 |
| necessarily 副詞 | /ˌnɛs.əˈsɛɹ.ə.li/ | 必然地, 必定地 |
| promotion 名詞 | /pɹəˈmoʊʃn̩/ | 提升, 升官 |
| conclusion 名詞 | /kənˈkluːʒən/ | 結束 /結束 |
| judgment 名詞 | /ˈd͡ʒʌd͡ʒ.mənt/ | 判斷 /判斷 |
| racism 名詞 | /ˈɹeɪsɪzm̩/ | 種族主義 /種族主義, 種族歧視 /種族歧視 |
| assumption 名詞 | /əˈsʌm(p).ʃ(ə)n/ | 假設 /假設 |
| tricky 形容詞 | /ˈtɹɪk.i/ | 麻煩 |
| listener 名詞 | /ˈlɪs(ə)nɚ/ | 傾聽者 /傾聽者, 聽者 /聽者 |
| depend 動詞 | /dɪˈpɛnd/ | 信任, 信賴 /信賴 |
| grammar 名詞 | /ˈɡɹæm.ə(ɹ)/ | 語法 /語法, 文法 |
影片中出現的短語動詞
| 單詞 | 發音 | 釋義 |
|---|---|---|
| check out 動詞 | 退房 | |
| come out 動詞 | /ˌkʌm ˈaʊt/ | 出, 出來 /出來 |
| cut off 動詞 | /ˌkʌt ˈɔf/ [ˌkɐɾ ˈɔf] | 切下, 割下 |
| drop off 動詞 | 掉落, 落下 | |
| end up 動詞 | 到達 | |
| figure out 動詞 | 弄清楚 | |
| find out 動詞 | 找出, 查明 | |
| follow up 動詞 | 跟進 /跟進 |
值得反覆跟讀的句子
影片中簡短而完整的句子，可以直接用在日常對話裡：
- Aubrey, what what do we need to know?
- Are we looking just at attractiveness?
- Is it something we should be fighting?
- How could you possibly prove that?
- Do you think that happens a lot?
影片中的語法
說話人最常用的結構，並附上影片中的原話：
| 結構 | 影片中的用法 |
|---|---|
| 現在完成進行時 have/has been + -ing — 以前開始、現在仍在繼續的動作 | you've been delving · you've been learning |
| 條件句 if + 從句，will/would + 動詞 — 條件及其結果 | if you said no, oh, it would be · if you love our style we'll show |
| 現在完成時 have/has + 過去分詞 — 過去發生但與現在仍有關聯的事 | haven't recorded · I've been looked · I've had |
| 被動語態 be + 過去分詞 — 強調發生了什麼，而不是誰做的 | is designed · are polished · I've been looked |
需要注意的發音
說話人用了 87 次縮略和弱讀形式，例如 you're, I'm, we're。請按聽到的簡短形式來說。
- “sh” 和 “zh” 音: discrimination /dɪskɹɪmɪˈneɪʃən/, promotion /pɹəˈmoʊʃn̩/, conclusion /kənˈkluːʒən/, assumption /əˈsʌm(p).ʃ(ə)n/, impression /ɪmˈpɹɛʃn̩/
- 長單詞——注意重音位置: discrimination /dɪskɹɪmɪˈneɪʃən/, necessarily /ˌnɛs.əˈsɛɹ.ə.li/, naturally /ˈnæt͡ʃ.(ə.)ɹə.li/, intelligent /ɪnˈtɛlɪd͡ʒənt/, importantly /ɪmˈpɔɹ.tənt.li/
中文母語者容易讀錯的音：
- /v/ — 不要讀成 /w/，上齒輕觸下唇: whoever /huˈɛvɚ/, dive /daɪv/, prevalent /ˈpɹɛvələnt/, wherever /(h)wɛɹˈɛvɚ/, observe /əbˈzɜːv/
- 詞尾子音 — 要讀清楚，後面不要加母音: podcast /ˈpɑdˌkæst/, topic /ˈtɑpɪk/, connect /kəˈnɛkt/, compound /ˈkɑmpaʊnd/, judgment /ˈd͡ʒʌd͡ʒ.mənt/
- /r/ 和 /l/ 的區別: necessarily /ˌnɛs.əˈsɛɹ.ə.li/, briefly /ˈbɹiːfli/, prevalent /ˈpɹɛvələnt/, naturally /ˈnæt͡ʃ.(ə.)ɹə.li/, carefully /ˈkɛɹf(ə)li/
如何用這段影片練習
- 先完整聽一遍影片，不要開口，記下不認識的單詞。
- 先用 0.75 倍速逐句跟讀，熟練之後再回到正常速度。
- 錄下自己的聲音並與原聲對比，特別注意 podcast, topic, discrimination 這類單詞。
什麼是跟讀法？
跟讀法 (Shadowing) 是一種有科學依據的語言學習技巧，最初開發用於專業口譯員的培訓，並由多語言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。這個方法簡單而強大：您在聽英語母語原聲的同時立即大聲重複——就像是一個延遲1-2秒緊跟說話者的影子。與被動聽力或語法練習不同，跟讀法強迫您的大腦和口腔肌肉同時處理並模模擬實的講話模式。研究表明它能顯著提高發音準確性，語調，節奏，連讀，聽力理解和口語流利度——使其成為雅思口語備考和真實英語交流最有效的方法之一。