跟讀練習: Learn To Swim Freestyle | A Simple Step-By-Step Guide - 通過影片學習英語口語
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68 句
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In this video, I'm going to break the freestyle technique down into a simple step-by-step guide.
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Freestyle, also known as front crawl, is the most popular swimming stroke.
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Everyone can improve their technique, even the best swimmers.
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Here we go.
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Freestyle is performed on our front, face down, horizontal and parallel to the surface of the water.
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Our body position is fundamental to reducing drag as we swim through the water.
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The aim is to be as streamlined as possible throughout.
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One of the key areas to reducing drag is by focusing on the head position.
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Often, swimmers will lift their heads to breathe or to look down the pool ahead of them, but this can cause the hips and legs to sink, resulting in increased drag.
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Instead, you should work on holding your head in a relaxed and neutral position, looking down almost directly at the floor below.
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We'll get on to the breathing aspect very shortly.
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First of all, let's discuss the movement of the arms.
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The hands should enter and start the stroke in front, outstretched, and in line with our shoulders.
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The aim is to pull back through the water, pushing towards our feet, and therefore propelling us forward.
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It starts with what we call the catch.
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At the very front of the stroke as soon as our hand enters the water.
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The action is simply a slight press down with the hand with a high elbow.
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Often, we liken this action to putting your arm around a barrel
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so that you can get your elbow up into a nice strong position.
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Done correctly and you should feel like you have a good purchase of the water
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and ready to transition into the pull phase.
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By this point, the hand should be starting to come underneath the head.
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Here, we're looking to have the fingertips pointing down towards the bottom of the pull with our palms facing towards our feet.
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You want to pull straight back directly underneath the body with a 90 to 120-degree flex in the elbow.
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Now, let's finish the pull phase off.
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As your hand passes your chest and stomach, you should seamlessly begin extending the arm out while still pushing against the water.
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As the arm fully extends, the hand will be alongside the hip, ready to begin the recovery phase of the stroke.
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This starts by lifting the hand and arm out of the water, led by the elbow.
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Use this forward and outward movement of your elbow to help drive your hand forward.
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You should aim for the hand to enter the water in line with the shoulder
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and almost slice down into the water just in front of your your head.
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Then extend the arm out under the water before moving straight into the catch phase again.
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Of course, you may be wondering how breathing fits into all of this.
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The key to breathing and swimming is not to hold your breath.
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You should take a breath in and then you should slowly release and trickle it out until you're next.
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With freestyle, we breathe to either side of the body.
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A breath is taken when extending out and catching with one arm and extending out and start in recovery with the other.
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This is achieved by rotating both the head and the body to present the mouth to the air.
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It's important you don't breathe up to the sky.
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Instead, you should imagine you're trying to keep one eye in the water and one out.
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Best practice is to breathe to either side to achieve a nice symmetrical stroke.
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This is normally performed by breathing every three strokes.
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However, if you find you're out of breath, try breathing every two and then switching sides every so often.
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Now, for the leg kick, which is just as important.
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Freestyle kick is an alternating movement of the legs up and down.
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The movement should mostly come from the hips rather than from the knees.
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Of course, make sure you have a soft bend in the knee so there is a slight bit of movement, but make sure you're not trying to kick a football for that leg kick movement.
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Start from the hip extending all the way through to the flick of the ankle.
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The kick should also be a fluid up and down movement with both the up and down providing propulsion.
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Finally, rotation.
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You may have noticed me mentioning this along with the breathing.
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This is a tricky skill to master.
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In terms of progression, I would always advise that swimmers focus on the fundamentals first, the catch, the pull, the kick, and breathing.
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Then add in the rotation when they're ready.
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However, once we do start rotating, you can start to use those large back muscles and essentially get more power into the stroke.
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It also gives us a little bit more reach on the catch and in turn reduces our surface area through the water.
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The best way to explain the rotation is that as your hand enters the water and stretches out, you should rotate it onto your side facing away from that extended arm.
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This should be roughly somewhere between 40 to 70 degrees.
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Then as the arm pulls down underwater, start rolling around and back onto your stomach.
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Then, as the arm extends out of the back of the stroke, use the hand passing your hip as a cue to rotate that hip around to the other side.
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This should be a seamless action and crucially, the head, shoulders, and hips should all rotate and sync.
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Well, there we go.
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That is the freestyle technique.
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The main thing is that you focus on one thing at a time.
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It's very hard to combine all of these together, so take your time with it.
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If you enjoyed today's video, please do give it a like and subscribe to the channel.
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See you next time.
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Thank you.
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本課的詞彙與口語要點
這節 B1 級別的口語課以影片“Learn To Swim Freestyle”為素材。 影片中反覆出現的詞有：arm, stroke, breathing, hip, pull。 這段影片共有 68 個句子、992 個單詞可供跟讀。 講話部分時長為 5:22。 說話人語速較快，每分鐘約 185 個詞，會出現較多連讀和弱讀。 84% 的單詞屬於英語最常用的 3,000 詞，其餘的詞建議在練習前先學一下。
影片中的重點詞彙
影片中最難的 15 個單詞，附發音和釋義：
| 單詞 | 發音 | 釋義 |
|---|---|---|
| breathe 動詞 | /bɹiːð/ | 呼吸, 吸 |
| freestyle 名詞 | /ˈfɹiːˌstaɪl/ | 自由泳, 自由式 |
| rotate 動詞 | /ˈɹoʊ.teɪt/ | 旋轉, 轉動 |
| elbow 名詞 | /ˈɛlboʊ̯/ | 肘, 肘部 |
| rotation 名詞 | /ɹoʊˈteɪʃən/ | 迴轉 /迴轉, 旋轉 /旋轉 |
| swim 動詞 | /swɪm/ | 游泳 |
| slight 形容詞 | /slaɪt/ | 輕微的 /輕微的 |
| fingertip 名詞 | /ˈfɪŋɡɚˌtɪp/ | 指尖 |
| propel 動詞 | /pɹəˈpɛl/ | 推進 /推進 |
| propulsion 名詞 | /pɹəˈpʌlʃən/ | 動力 /動力, 推進力 /推進力 |
| seamless 形容詞 | 無縫 /無縫 | |
| streamline 動詞 | /ˈstriːmlaɪn/ | 精簡 /精簡, 簡化 /簡化 |
| symmetrical 形容詞 | /səˈmɛtrək(ə)l/ | 對稱 /對稱 |
| progression 名詞 | /pɹəˈɡɹɛʃən/ | 數列 |
| horizontal 形容詞 | /ˌhoɹəˈzɑn.təl/ | 水平, 橫的 /橫的 |
影片中的語法
說話人最常用的結構，並附上影片中的原話：
| 結構 | 影片中的用法 |
|---|---|
| 被動語態 be + 過去分詞 — 強調發生了什麼，而不是誰做的 | is performed · is taken · is achieved |
| 用 “should” 提建議 should + 動詞 — 表示應該做的事 | should work · should enter · should feel |
| 最高階 the -est / the most … — 一組中最高或最低的 | the most popular · the best |
| 用 “might / may” 表可能 might/may + 動詞 — 有可能但不確定的事 | may be · may have |
需要注意的發音
說話人用了 9 次縮略和弱讀形式，例如 you're, don't, I'm。請按聽到的簡短形式來說。
- “th” 音: breathe /bɹiːð/, underneath /ˌʌndɚˈniθ/
- “sh” 和 “zh” 音: rotation /ɹoʊˈteɪʃən/, crucially /ˈkɹuːʃəli/, propulsion /pɹəˈpʌlʃən/, progression /pɹəˈɡɹɛʃən/
- 長單詞——注意重音位置: symmetrical /səˈmɛtrək(ə)l/, horizontal /ˌhoɹəˈzɑn.təl/, underwater /ʌndɚˈwɔtəɹ/
中文母語者容易讀錯的音：
- 詞尾子音 — 要讀清楚，後面不要加母音: rotate /ˈɹoʊ.teɪt/, underneath /ˌʌndɚˈniθ/, slight /slaɪt/, fingertip /ˈfɪŋɡɚˌtɪp/, outstretched /aʊtˈstɹɛt͡ʃt/
- /r/ 和 /l/ 的區別: freestyle /ˈfɹiːˌstaɪl/, crucially /ˈkɹuːʃəli/, propel /pɹəˈpɛl/, propulsion /pɹəˈpʌlʃən/, streamline /ˈstriːmlaɪn/
- /æ/ — 嘴張大，不要讀成 /e/: ankle /ˈæŋ.kəl/, barrel /ˈbæɹəl/, parallel /ˈpæ.ɹəˌlɛl/, relax /ɹɪˈlæks/
如何用這段影片練習
- 先完整聽一遍影片，不要開口，記下不認識的單詞。
- 先用 0.75 倍速逐句跟讀，熟練之後再回到正常速度。
- 錄下自己的聲音並與原聲對比，特別注意 breathe, freestyle, rotate 這類單詞。
什麼是跟讀法？
跟讀法 (Shadowing) 是一種有科學依據的語言學習技巧，最初開發用於專業口譯員的培訓，並由多語言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。這個方法簡單而強大：您在聽英語母語原聲的同時立即大聲重複——就像是一個延遲1-2秒緊跟說話者的影子。與被動聽力或語法練習不同，跟讀法強迫您的大腦和口腔肌肉同時處理並模模擬實的講話模式。研究表明它能顯著提高發音準確性，語調，節奏，連讀，聽力理解和口語流利度——使其成為雅思口語備考和真實英語交流最有效的方法之一。