跟讀練習: Lifting the Down Cow | Down Cows Tutorial - 通過影片學習英語口語

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Lifting the cow is an important part of both the assessment and the nursing of the downer cow.

When you first got the cow, if you can lift the cow up

you get a much better idea of what sort of damage there might be

and how severely affected she is

when you lift her up to see what she can do on each of her four limbs.

As well as

that, a cow that's sitting on the ground for a number

of days will get pressure to the muscles of the legs and get lack of circulation.

So lifting her up is important to allow the circulation to occur and that becomes an important part of the healing process.

Lots of different ways you can lift them.

The common way is the hip clamp which are readily available and reasonably cheap.

You can get a variety of slings and you also go to water baths

which are very good but quite expensive and fairly limited in how they're used.

So hip clamps are quite common.

You can buy them for a couple of hundred dollars at most retail stores

and there's a few things that you have to make sure you do and don't do.

So when we're putting them on,

we put them onto the bony part of the pelvis like this and we need to secure it nice and firmly.

Put it on firmly, if it's a bit too

loose when you pick her up you might end up fracturing off the point of the pelvis

and doing more harm than if you put it on tighter.

I like to put it on firmly but obviously not grossly over tight.

That secures it from there and then we bring our tractor in and we pick the cow up.

So when we lift that cow, that cow's stood quite easily and taken her weight quickly, which is fantastic.

You might have noticed that she knuckled over on this leg, which is a sign of one of the parts of the paralysis that she had.

So it's important to try and position that to get it back to make her standing weight properly.

This is excellent because the cow is able to take her full weight.

We've now taken the slack out of it, and all the clamp is doing is balancing her after lifting her.

She's not fully supported by that.

If the cow is not able to stand taking a reasonable percentage of her weight, so she's fully supported on that,

you're going to get a lot of damage around the hips, and the damage from that can make the cow very sore,

and after a few days she's in so much pain she won't want to stand, and then she'll give up.

So if she's not sanding effectively, it's not worth lifting the cow at all.

You'll do more damage than what you will good.

Some farmers think that if the cow is up, even if she's fully supported by the clamp,

so basically she's dangling by the clamp with the clamp taking all of the weight, they think that's good because it's getting circulation here.

No, it's not.

It's not doing anything effective at all and it's being counterproductive and making it more of an issue with pain,

more complications and have less likely of success.

If a cow can't take a reasonable percentage of her weight and can't stand effectively, don't lift her at all.

Just continue to roll her a number of times during the day and leave her two or three days before trying again.

Hopefully in that time she's stronger and will be better able to stand.

The other key rule with lifting is to make sure that it's supervised.

Now what I mean by that, I don't mean you have to stand there looking at it the whole time,

but you need to be able to keep coming back to the cow regularly to see if she is still standing effectively.

If we get a cow up standing effective like this and then go off for a couple of hours, a lot of cows tire quite quickly,

and you might find 10 minutes after you've gone, she's got tired, she's then slopped down on the front legs,

and by that stage she's then fully taking the weight by the clamp, and that's then ineffective lifting,

and if she's being ineffectively lifted for a period of time, that will cause the damage and is counterproductive.

The length of time for lifting will depend on how long the cow is able to stand

and that will vary from each cow.

As they get stronger they tend to be able to stand for longer and whether you lift once,

twice or three times a day depends on how long the cow stands for.

Lifting at three or four times a day can sometimes be worse

because it causes too much damage to it but

if they're standing up effectively and only for five

or ten minutes it probably is good to lift her up two

or three times a day rather than just once whereas

if she's lifting and standing effectively for two or three hours once a day is more than adequate.

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本課的詞彙與口語要點

這節口語課以影片“Lifting the Down Cow”為素材。影片中反覆出現的詞有：cow, lifting, stand, clamp, lift。這段影片共有 59 個句子、879 個單詞可供跟讀。講話部分時長為 4:13。說話人語速較快，每分鐘約 208 個詞，會出現較多連讀和弱讀。 87% 的單詞屬於英語最常用的 3,000 詞，詞彙容易理解。

影片中的重點詞彙

影片中 15 個值得學習的單詞，附發音和釋義：

單詞	發音	釋義
percentage 名詞	/pə(ɹ)ˈsɛntɪd͡ʒ/	百分率, 百分比
depend 動詞	/dɪˈpɛnd/	信任, 信賴 /信賴
harm 名詞	/hɑːm/	損害 /損害
occur 動詞	/əˈkɜː/	發生 /發生
assessment 名詞	/əˈsɛsmənt/	評價 /評價, 評估 /評估
hip 名詞	/hɪp/	髖 /髖
bath 名詞	/bɑːθ/	浴缸, 浴盆
muscle 名詞	/ˈmʌs.əl/	肌肉, 筋肉
sand 名詞	/sænd/	沙, 沙子
whereas	/(h)wɛɹˈæz/	然而
nurse 名詞	/nɝs/	護士 /護士, 看護 /看護
farmer 名詞	/ˈfɑɹ.mɚ/	農夫 /農夫, 農民 /農民
cow 名詞	/kaʊ/	牛母, 母牛
heal 動詞	/ˈhiːl/	醫治 /醫治
adequate 形容詞	/ˈæd.ə.kwɪt/	適當 /適當, 足夠 /足夠

影片中出現的短語動詞

單詞	釋義
end up 動詞	到達
give up 動詞	投案, 自首
stand up 動詞	站起來 /站起來, 起來 /起來

影片中的語法

說話人最常用的結構，並附上影片中的原話：

結構	影片中的用法
現在完成時 have/has + 過去分詞 — 過去發生但與現在仍有關聯的事	We've now taken · you've gone
定語從句 who / which + 從句 — 補充說明人或事物	clamp which are · leg, which is

需要注意的發音

說話人用了 14 次縮略和弱讀形式，例如 don't, can't, they're。請按聽到的簡短形式來說。

“sh” 和 “zh” 音: circulation /ˌsɝkjʊˈleɪʃən/, complication /ˌkɑm.pləˈkeɪ.ʃən/
長單詞——注意重音位置: circulation /ˌsɝkjʊˈleɪʃən/, reasonably /ˈɹiː.zən.ə.bli/, ineffective /ˌɪn.ɪˈfɛk.tɪv/, counterproductive /ˌkaʊntəpɹəˈdʌktɪv/, complication /ˌkɑm.pləˈkeɪ.ʃən/

中文母語者容易讀錯的音：

/v/ — 不要讀成 /w/，上齒輕觸下唇: vary /ˈvɛəɹi/, ineffective /ˌɪn.ɪˈfɛk.tɪv/, counterproductive /ˌkaʊntəpɹəˈdʌktɪv/, pelvis /ˈpɛlvɪs/, supervise /ˈsuː.pə.vaɪz/
詞尾子音 — 要讀清楚，後面不要加母音: percentage /pə(ɹ)ˈsɛntɪd͡ʒ/, depend /dɪˈpɛnd/, assessment /əˈsɛsmənt/, hip /hɪp/, bath /bɑːθ/
/r/ 和 /l/ 的區別: reasonably /ˈɹiː.zən.ə.bli/, readily /ˈɹɛdɪli/, grossly /ˈɡɹoʊsli/, paralysis /pəˈɹæləsəs/

如何用這段影片練習

先完整聽一遍影片，不要開口，記下不認識的單詞。
先用 0.75 倍速逐句跟讀，熟練之後再回到正常速度。
錄下自己的聲音並與原聲對比，特別注意 percentage, depend, harm 這類單詞。

什麼是跟讀法？

跟讀法 (Shadowing) 是一種有科學依據的語言學習技巧，最初開發用於專業口譯員的培訓，並由多語言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。這個方法簡單而強大：您在聽英語母語原聲的同時立即大聲重複——就像是一個延遲1-2秒緊跟說話者的影子。與被動聽力或語法練習不同，跟讀法強迫您的大腦和口腔肌肉同時處理並模模擬實的講話模式。研究表明它能顯著提高發音準確性，語調，節奏，連讀，聽力理解和口語流利度——使其成為雅思口語備考和真實英語交流最有效的方法之一。

影子跟讀法: 閱讀完整分步指南 →

跟讀練習: Lifting the Down Cow | Down Cows Tutorial - 通過影片學習英語口語

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